falteringly

Who acts: John, we, I, he, She · What happens: mean, speak, say, not remember, know, begin · Speech: someone speaks here

«falteringly» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: falteringly in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Falteringly means in an unsteady, shaky way, especially when speaking.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Falteringly	falteringly	ADV	_	2 means	advmod
2	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	in	in	ADP	_	8 way	case
4	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 way	det
5	unsteady	unsteady	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 way	amod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 unsteady	punct
7	shaky	shaky	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 way	amod
8	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 means	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 speaking	punct
10	especially	especially	ADV	_	12 speaking	advmod
11	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	12 speaking	advmod
12	speaking	speak	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	8 way	acl:relcl
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 means	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present						in a unsteady shaky way; falteringly property	vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot in way=Attribute
2	speak speech: other	gerund						especially property	vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Example 1

«John,» Wendy said falteringly, «perhaps we don't remember.»

The tree, 9 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	2 John	punct
2	John	John	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 said	nsubj
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 John	punct
4	»	»	PUNCT	_	2 John	punct
5	Wendy	Wendy	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 said	nsubj
6	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	falteringly	falteringly	ADV	_	6 said	advmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 remember	punct
9	«	«	PUNCT	_	14 remember	punct
10	perhaps	perhaps	ADV	_	14 remember	advmod
11	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	14 remember	nsubj
12	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 remember	aux
13	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	14 remember	advmod
14	remember	remember	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 said	ccomp
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	14 remember	punct
16	»	»	PUNCT	_	14 remember	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	past	John					falteringly property	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	not remember in a quote	present · do-support	we					perhaps property	vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent

Example 2

«I know,» he said falteringly.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	3 know	punct
2	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	3 know	nsubj
3	know	know	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 said	ccomp
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 know	punct
5	»	»	PUNCT	_	3 know	punct
6	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 said	nsubj
7	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	falteringly	falteringly	ADV	_	7 said	advmod
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 said	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	know in a quote	present	I						vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
2	say speech: assert	past	he					falteringly property	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic

Example 3

She began to speak falteringly, then stopped.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 began	nsubj
2	began	begin	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	PART	_	4 speak	mark
4	speak	speak	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 began	xcomp
5	falteringly	falteringly	ADV	_	4 speak	advmod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 stopped	punct
7	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	8 stopped	advmod
8	stopped	stop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 began	conj
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 began	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	when	other	roles by
1	begin	past	She			vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
2	speak speech: other	to-infinitive	She not said here		falteringly property	vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	stop	past	She not said here	then		vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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