fire Who acts: something, burning, they, their, We, Fire · What happens: make, burn, destroy, shoot, launch, tell · To what, where: flames, something, small fire, purpose, gun, someone · Speech: someone speaks here
«fire» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: fire in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 The flames, heat and light made when something burns.
det nsubj:pass punct appos cc conj mark nsubj advcl punct root The DET flames NOUN , PUNCT heat NOUN and CCONJ light NOUN made VERB when SCONJ something PRON burns VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 flames det 2 flames flame NOUN Number=Plur 7 made nsubj:pass 3 , , PUNCT _ 4 heat punct 4 heat heat NOUN Number=Sing 2 flames appos 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 light cc 6 light light NOUN Number=Sing 4 heat conj 7 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 8 when when SCONJ _ 10 burns mark 9 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 10 burns nsubj 10 burns burn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 made advcl 11 . . PUNCT _ 7 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make participle · passive the flames vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product 2 burn present something vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A burning that destroys something.
det nsubj acl:relcl obj punct root A DET burning NOUN that PRON destroys VERB something PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 burning det 2 burning burning NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 that that PRON PronType=Rel 4 destroys nsubj 4 destroys destroy VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 burning acl:relcl 5 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 4 destroys obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 burning punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 destroy present a burning something vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Patient
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"a house fire", "a forest fire".
punct det compound punct punct punct det compound parataxis punct punct root " PUNCT a DET house NOUN fire NOUN " PUNCT , PUNCT " PUNCT a DET forest NOUN fire NOUN " PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 4 fire punct 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 fire det 3 house house NOUN Number=Sing 4 fire compound 4 fire fire NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 " " PUNCT _ 4 fire punct 6 , , PUNCT _ 10 fire punct 7 " " PUNCT _ 10 fire punct 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 fire det 9 forest forest NOUN Number=Sing 10 fire compound 10 fire fire NOUN Number=Sing 4 fire parataxis 11 " " PUNCT _ 10 fire punct 12 . . PUNCT _ 4 fire punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Meaning 3 A small fire made on purpose for warmth or cooking.
det amod acl case obl case obl cc conj punct root A DET small ADJ fire NOUN made VERB on ADP purpose NOUN for ADP warmth NOUN or CCONJ cooking NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 fire det 2 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 3 fire amod 3 fire fire NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 fire acl 5 on on ADP _ 6 purpose case 6 purpose purpose NOUN Number=Sing 4 made obl 7 for for ADP _ 8 warmth case 8 warmth warmth NOUN Number=Sing 4 made obl 9 or or CCONJ _ 10 cooking cc 10 cooking cooking NOUN Number=Sing 8 warmth conj 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 fire punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make participle a small fire not said here purpose for warmth or cooking vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP P.asset»: agent=Agent for warmth=Asset
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"a campfire".
punct det punct punct root " PUNCT a DET campfire NOUN " PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 3 campfire punct 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 campfire det 3 campfire campfire NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 " " PUNCT _ 3 campfire punct 5 . . PUNCT _ 3 campfire punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Meaning 4 As a verb, to shoot a gun or launch something.
case det obl punct mark det obj cc conj obj punct root As ADP a DET verb NOUN , PUNCT to PART shoot VERB a DET gun NOUN or CCONJ launch VERB something PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 As as ADP _ 3 verb case 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 verb det 3 verb verb NOUN Number=Sing 6 shoot obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 6 shoot punct 5 to to PART _ 6 shoot mark 6 shoot shoot VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 gun det 8 gun gun NOUN Number=Sing 6 shoot obj 9 or or CCONJ _ 10 launch cc 10 launch launch VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 6 shoot conj 11 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 10 launch obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 6 shoot punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 shoot to-infinitive a gun as a verb vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gun=Theme 2 launch infinitive something vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"fire a rocket".
punct compound det punct punct root " PUNCT fire NOUN a DET rocket NOUN " PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 4 rocket punct 2 fire fire NOUN Number=Sing 4 rocket compound 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 rocket det 4 rocket rocket NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 " " PUNCT _ 4 rocket punct 6 . . PUNCT _ 4 rocket punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Meaning 5 As a verb, to tell someone they no longer have their job.
case det obl punct mark obj nsubj advmod advmod acl:relcl nmod:poss obj punct root As ADP a DET verb NOUN , PUNCT to PART tell VERB someone PRON they PRON no ADV longer ADV have VERB their PRON job NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 As as ADP _ 3 verb case 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 verb det 3 verb verb NOUN Number=Sing 6 tell obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 6 tell punct 5 to to PART _ 6 tell mark 6 tell tell VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 6 tell obj 8 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 have nsubj 9 no no ADV _ 10 longer advmod 10 longer long ADV Degree=Cmp 11 have advmod 11 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 someone acl:relcl 12 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 13 job nmod:poss 13 job job NOUN Number=Sing 11 have obj 14 . . PUNCT _ 6 tell punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 tell speech: assert to-infinitive someone as a verb vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent someone=Recipient 2 have present they their job long property vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent job=Patient 3 job their = they nom job «act intransitive»: poss=agent
Example 1 We sat by the fire to keep warm.
nsubj case det obl mark advcl xcomp punct root We PRON sat VERB by ADP the DET fire NOUN to PART keep VERB warm ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 sat nsubj 2 sat sit VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 by by ADP _ 5 fire case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 fire det 5 fire fire NOUN Number=Sing 2 sat obl 6 to to PART _ 7 keep mark 7 keep keep VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 sat advcl 8 warm warm ADJ Degree=Pos 7 keep xcomp 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 sat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sit past We by the fire vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent by fire=Location 2 keep to-infinitive We not said here warm property vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Example 2 Fire needs oxygen to burn.
nsubj obj mark acl punct root Fire NOUN needs VERB oxygen NOUN to PART burn VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Fire fire NOUN Number=Sing 2 needs nsubj 2 needs need VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 oxygen oxygen NOUN Number=Sing 2 needs obj 4 to to PART _ 5 burn mark 5 burn burn VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 oxygen acl 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 needs punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 need present Fire oxygen vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot oxygen=Theme 2 burn to-infinitive Fire not said here oxygen not said here vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 3 If there is a fire, get out and stay out.
mark expl advcl det nsubj punct advmod cc conj compound:prt punct root If SCONJ there PRON is VERB a DET fire NOUN , PUNCT get VERB out ADV and CCONJ stay VERB out ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 If if SCONJ _ 3 is mark 2 there there PRON PronType=Dem 3 is expl 3 is be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 get advcl 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 fire det 5 fire fire NOUN Number=Sing 3 is nsubj 6 , , PUNCT _ 3 is punct 7 get get VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 8 out out ADV _ 7 get advmod 9 and and CCONJ _ 10 stay cc 10 stay stay VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 7 get conj 11 out out ADP _ 10 stay compound:prt 12 . . PUNCT _ 7 get punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 be a condition, not said to happen present a fire there vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 get out imperative you not said here out property vn withdraw-82-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 stay out infinitive you not said here vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 4 The forest fire burned for days.
det compound nsubj case obl punct root The DET forest NOUN fire NOUN burned VERB for ADP days NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 fire det 2 forest forest NOUN Number=Sing 3 fire compound 3 fire fire NOUN Number=Sing 4 burned nsubj 4 burned burn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 for for ADP _ 6 days case 6 days day NOUN Number=Plur 4 burned obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 burned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 burn past the forest fire day vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 5 Never play with matches; they can start a fire.
advmod case obl punct nsubj aux conj det obj punct root Never ADV play VERB with ADP matches NOUN ; PUNCT they PRON can AUX start VERB a DET fire NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Never never ADV PronType=Neg 2 play advmod 2 play play VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 with with ADP _ 4 matches case 4 matches match NOUN Number=Plur 2 play obl 5 ; ; PUNCT _ 8 start punct 6 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 start nsubj 7 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 8 start aux 8 start start VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 play conj 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 fire det 10 fire fire NOUN Number=Sing 8 start obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 play punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not play imperative you not said here with matches vn play-114.2-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent with match=Theme 2 start can matches = match a fire vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fire=Eventuality
Example 6 The fire alarm rang during the fire drill.
det compound nsubj case det compound obl punct root The DET fire NOUN alarm NOUN rang VERB during ADP the DET fire NOUN drill NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 alarm det 2 fire fire NOUN Number=Sing 3 alarm compound 3 alarm alarm NOUN Number=Sing 4 rang nsubj 4 rang ring VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 during during ADP _ 8 drill case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 drill det 7 fire fire NOUN Number=Sing 8 drill compound 8 drill drill NOUN Number=Sing 4 rang obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 rang punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ring past the fire alarm during the fire drill vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 7 If your clothes catch fire, stop, drop and roll.
mark nmod:poss nsubj advcl obj punct punct conj cc conj punct root If SCONJ your PRON clothes NOUN catch VERB fire NOUN , PUNCT stop VERB , PUNCT drop VERB and CCONJ roll VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 If if SCONJ _ 4 catch mark 2 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 clothes nmod:poss 3 clothes clothes NOUN Number=Ptan 4 catch nsubj 4 catch catch VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 stop advcl 5 fire fire NOUN Number=Sing 4 catch obj 6 , , PUNCT _ 4 catch punct 7 stop stop VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 8 , , PUNCT _ 9 drop punct 9 drop drop VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 7 stop conj 10 and and CCONJ _ 11 roll cc 11 roll roll VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 9 drop conj 12 . . PUNCT _ 7 stop punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 catch a condition, not said to happen present your clothes fire vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fire=Theme 2 stop imperative you not said here vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality 3 drop infinitive you not said here vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme 4 roll infinitive you not said here vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 8 The firefighters put out the fire with water.
det nsubj compound:prt det obj case obl punct root The DET firefighters NOUN put VERB out ADP the DET fire NOUN with ADP water NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 firefighters det 2 firefighters firefighter NOUN Number=Plur 3 put nsubj 3 put put VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 out out ADP _ 3 put compound:prt 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 fire det 6 fire fire NOUN Number=Sing 3 put obj 7 with with ADP _ 8 water case 8 water water NOUN Number=Sing 3 put obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 put punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 put out past the firefighters the fire with water vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent fire=Goal
Example 9 Old man, take away that fire!”
amod nsubj punct compound:prt det obj punct punct root Old ADJ man NOUN , PUNCT take VERB away ADP that DET fire NOUN ! PUNCT ” PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Old old ADJ Degree=Pos 2 man amod 2 man man NOUN Number=Sing 4 take nsubj 3 , , PUNCT _ 4 take punct 4 take take VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 away away ADP _ 4 take compound:prt 6 that that DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 7 fire det 7 fire fire NOUN Number=Sing 4 take obj 8 ! ! PUNCT _ 4 take punct 9 ” " PUNCT _ 4 take punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 take away infinitive Old man that fire vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fire=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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