flattened Who acts: storm, spirits, She, strong wind, cat, We · What happens: make, press, roll, squash, knock down, flatten · To what, where: trees, flat shape, spirits, dough, corn, ears · Speech: someone speaks here
«flattened» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: flattened in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Made flat or flatter, for example by pressing, rolling or squashing.
xcomp cc conj punct case obl mark advcl punct conj cc conj punct root Made VERB flat ADJ or CCONJ flatter ADJ , PUNCT for ADP example NOUN by SCONJ pressing VERB , PUNCT rolling VERB or CCONJ squashing VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 2 flat flat ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Made xcomp 3 or or CCONJ _ 4 flatter cc 4 flatter flat ADJ Degree=Cmp 2 flat conj 5 , , PUNCT _ 7 example punct 6 for for ADP _ 7 example case 7 example example NOUN Number=Sing 1 Made obl 8 by by SCONJ _ 9 pressing mark 9 pressing press VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 1 Made advcl 10 , , PUNCT _ 11 rolling punct 11 rolling roll VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 9 pressing conj 12 or or CCONJ _ 13 squashing cc 13 squashing squash VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 9 pressing conj 14 . . PUNCT _ 1 Made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make participle for example; flat property vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP P.asset»: agent=Agent for example=Asset 2 press gerund vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent 3 roll gerund vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme 4 squash gerund vn bump-18.4-1 «NP V together»: agent=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Knocked down to the ground: «the storm flattened the trees».
compound:prt case det obl punct punct det nsubj parataxis det obj punct punct root Knocked VERB down ADP to ADP the DET ground NOUN : PUNCT « PUNCT the DET storm NOUN flattened VERB the DET trees NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Knocked knock VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 2 down down ADP _ 1 Knocked compound:prt 3 to to ADP _ 5 ground case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 ground det 5 ground ground NOUN Number=Sing 1 Knocked obl 6 : : PUNCT _ 10 flattened punct 7 « « PUNCT _ 10 flattened punct 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 storm det 9 storm storm NOUN Number=Sing 10 flattened nsubj 10 flattened flatten VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 1 Knocked parataxis 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 trees det 12 trees tree NOUN Number=Plur 10 flattened obj 13 » » PUNCT _ 10 flattened punct 14 . . PUNCT _ 1 Knocked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 knock down participle to the ground tree rules 2 flatten in a quote past the storm the trees vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tree=Patient
Meaning 3 Usage: adjective — kept apart, not parsed.
Having a flat shape: «a flattened ball».
det amod obj punct punct det amod obl punct punct root Having VERB a DET flat ADJ shape NOUN : PUNCT « PUNCT a DET flattened VERB ball NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Having have VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 shape det 3 flat flat ADJ Degree=Pos 4 shape amod 4 shape shape NOUN Number=Sing 1 Having obj 5 : : PUNCT _ 1 Having punct 6 « « PUNCT _ 9 ball punct 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 ball det 8 flattened flatten VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 9 ball amod 9 ball ball NOUN Number=Sing 1 Having obl 10 » » PUNCT _ 9 ball punct 11 . . PUNCT _ 1 Having punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have gerund a flat shape a flattened ball obl vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shape=Patient 2 flatten in a quote participle vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient
Meaning 4 To flatten someone's spirits means to make them feel suddenly sad and discouraged.
The tree, 14 words mark csubj nmod:poss case obj mark xcomp obj xcomp advmod xcomp cc conj punct root To PART flatten VERB someone PRON 's PART spirits NOUN means VERB to PART make VERB them PRON feel VERB suddenly ADV sad ADJ and CCONJ discouraged ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 flatten mark 2 flatten flatten VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 means csubj 3 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 5 spirits nmod:poss 4 's 's PART _ 3 someone case 5 spirits spirit NOUN Number=Plur 2 flatten obj 6 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 to to PART _ 8 make mark 8 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 means xcomp 9 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 make obj 10 feel feel VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 make xcomp 11 suddenly suddenly ADV _ 12 sad advmod 12 sad sad ADJ Degree=Pos 10 feel xcomp 13 and and CCONJ _ 14 discouraged cc 14 discouraged discouraged ADJ Degree=Pos 12 sad conj 15 . . PUNCT _ 6 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 flatten to-infinitive someone's spirits vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spirit=Patient 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 make not said to happen to-infinitive spirits = spirit tree rules 4 feel not said to happen infinitive spirits = spirit not said here sad property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus
Example 1 She flattened the dough with a rolling pin.
nsubj det obj case det amod obl punct root She PRON flattened VERB the DET dough NOUN with ADP a DET rolling VERB pin NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 flattened nsubj 2 flattened flatten VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 dough det 4 dough dough NOUN Number=Sing 2 flattened obj 5 with with ADP _ 8 pin case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 pin det 7 rolling roll VERB VerbForm=Ger 8 pin amod 8 pin pin NOUN Number=Sing 2 flattened obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 flattened punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 flatten past She the dough with a rolling pin vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent dough=Patient with pin=Instrument 2 roll gerund vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 2 The strong wind flattened the corn.
det amod nsubj det obj punct root The DET strong ADJ wind NOUN flattened VERB the DET corn NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 wind det 2 strong strong ADJ Degree=Pos 3 wind amod 3 wind wind NOUN Number=Sing 4 flattened nsubj 4 flattened flatten VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 corn det 6 corn corn NOUN Number=Sing 4 flattened obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 flattened punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 flatten past the strong wind the corn vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent corn=Patient
Example 3 The cat flattened its ears because it was cross.
det nsubj nmod:poss obj mark nsubj cop advcl punct root The DET cat NOUN flattened VERB its PRON ears NOUN because SCONJ it PRON was AUX cross ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 cat det 2 cat cat NOUN Number=Sing 3 flattened nsubj 3 flattened flatten VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 ears nmod:poss 5 ears ear NOUN Number=Plur 3 flattened obj 6 because because SCONJ _ 9 cross mark 7 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 cross nsubj 8 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 9 cross cop 9 cross cross ADJ Degree=Pos 3 flattened advcl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 flattened punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 flatten past the cat cat's ears vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ear=Patient 2 is past cat cross property tree rules
Example 4 The Earth is a little flattened at the top and bottom.
det nsubj aux:pass det obl:unmarked case det obl cc conj punct root The DET Earth PROPN is AUX a DET little ADJ flattened VERB at ADP the DET top NOUN and CCONJ bottom NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 Earth det 2 Earth Earth PROPN Number=Sing 6 flattened nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 flattened aux:pass 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 little det 5 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 6 flattened obl:unmarked 6 flattened flatten VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 7 at at ADP _ 9 top case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 top det 9 top top NOUN Number=Sing 6 flattened obl 10 and and CCONJ _ 11 bottom cc 11 bottom bottom NOUN Number=Sing 9 top conj 12 . . PUNCT _ 6 flattened punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 flatten present · passive the Earth the top and bottom a little obl:unmarked vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
Example 5 We flattened the cardboard boxes for recycling.
nsubj det compound obj case obl punct root We PRON flattened VERB the DET cardboard NOUN boxes NOUN for ADP recycling NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 flattened nsubj 2 flattened flatten VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 boxes det 4 cardboard cardboard NOUN Number=Sing 5 boxes compound 5 boxes box NOUN Number=Plur 2 flattened obj 6 for for ADP _ 7 recycling case 7 recycling recycling NOUN Number=Sing 2 flattened obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 flattened punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 flatten past We the cardboard boxes for recycling vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent box=Patient
Example 6 The grass was flattened where the tent had been.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass advmod det nsubj aux advcl punct root The DET grass NOUN was AUX flattened VERB where ADV the DET tent NOUN had AUX been VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 grass det 2 grass grass NOUN Number=Sing 4 flattened nsubj:pass 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 flattened aux:pass 4 flattened flatten VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 where where ADV PronType=Rel 9 been advmod 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 tent det 7 tent tent NOUN Number=Sing 9 been nsubj 8 had have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 9 been aux 9 been be VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 4 flattened advcl 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 flattened punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 flatten past · passive the grass vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient 2 be past · perfect the tent vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 7 When all were safely down they picked up the Scarecrow, whose body was quite flattened out, and patted his straw into shape again.
The tree, 23 words advmod nsubj cop advmod advmod nsubj compound:prt det nsubj punct nmod:poss nsubj aux:pass advmod conj compound:prt punct cc conj nmod:poss obj case obl advmod punct root When ADV all DET were AUX safely ADV down ADV they PRON picked VERB up ADP the DET Scarecrow PROPN , PUNCT whose PRON body NOUN was AUX quite ADV flattened VERB out ADP , PUNCT and CCONJ patted VERB his PRON straw NOUN into ADP shape NOUN again ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 When when ADV PronType=Int 5 down advmod 2 all all DET PronType=Tot 5 down nsubj 3 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 down cop 4 safely safely ADV _ 5 down advmod 5 down down ADV _ 7 picked advmod 6 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 picked nsubj 7 picked pick VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 up up ADP _ 7 picked compound:prt 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 Scarecrow det 10 Scarecrow Scarecrow PROPN Number=Sing 16 flattened nsubj 11 , , PUNCT _ 16 flattened punct 12 whose whose PRON Poss=Yes PronType=Rel 13 body nmod:poss 13 body body NOUN Number=Sing 16 flattened nsubj 14 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 16 flattened aux:pass 15 quite quite ADV _ 16 flattened advmod 16 flattened flatten VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 picked conj 17 out out ADP _ 16 flattened compound:prt 18 , , PUNCT _ 20 patted punct 19 and and CCONJ _ 20 patted cc 20 patted pat VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 picked conj 21 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 22 straw nmod:poss 22 straw straw NOUN Number=Sing 20 patted obj 23 into into ADP _ 24 shape case 24 shape shape NOUN Number=Sing 20 patted obl 25 again again ADV _ 20 patted advmod 26 . . PUNCT _ 7 picked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past all down, safely property tree rules 2 pick up past they vn discover-84-1 «NP V PP.topic S_ING»: agent=Agent 3 flatten out past · passive the Scarecrow vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient 4 pat past they not said here body's straw shape again vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent straw=Experiencer
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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