flint

Who acts: hard grey, sparks, lighter, Age people, We, He · What happens: make, strike, break, use, light, find · To what, where: sparks, steel, sharp edges, piece, fire, spark

«flint» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: flint in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

A very hard grey or black stone that makes sparks when struck against steel, and breaks into sharp edges.

The tree, 19 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 grey	det
2	very	very	ADV	_	3 hard	advmod
3	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 grey	amod
4	grey	grey	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 makes	nsubj
5	or	or	CCONJ	_	7 stone	cc
6	black	black	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 stone	amod
7	stone	stone	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 grey	conj
8	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 makes	nsubj
9	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
10	sparks	spark	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 makes	obj
11	when	when	SCONJ	_	12 struck	mark
12	struck	strike	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 makes	xcomp
13	against	against	ADP	_	14 steel	case
14	steel	steel	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 struck	obl
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 breaks	punct
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 breaks	cc
17	breaks	break	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 makes	conj
18	into	into	ADP	_	20 edges	case
19	sharp	sharp	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 edges	amod
20	edges	edge	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 breaks	obl
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 makes	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	make	present	a hard grey or black stone	sparks			tree rules
2	strike	participle	sparks not said here		steel		vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme against steel=Location
3	break	present	a hard grey or black stone not said here			into sharp edges result	vn break-45.1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Patient into edge=Result

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

A piece of flint used to light a fire or, long ago, as a tool or arrowhead.

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 piece	det
2	piece	piece	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 flint	case
4	flint	flint	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 piece	nmod
5	used	use	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 piece	acl
6	to	to	PART	_	7 light	mark
7	light	light	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 used	xcomp
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 fire	det
9	fire	fire	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 light	obj
10	or	or	CCONJ	_	13 ago	cc
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 ago	punct
12	long	long	ADV	Degree=Pos	13 ago	advmod
13	ago	ago	ADV	_	7 light	conj
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 tool	punct
15	as	as	ADP	_	17 tool	case
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 tool	det
17	tool	tool	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 light	parataxis
18	or	or	CCONJ	_	19 arrowhead	cc
19	arrowhead	arrowhead	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 tool	conj
20	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 piece	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	participle		a piece of flint not said here					vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
2	light	to-infinitive		a fire					vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fire=Product

Meaning 3

A small piece of metal in a lighter that makes the spark.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 piece	det
2	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 piece	amod
3	piece	piece	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 metal	case
5	metal	metal	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 piece	nmod
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 lighter	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 lighter	det
8	lighter	lighter	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 piece	nmod
9	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 makes	nsubj
10	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 lighter	acl:relcl
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 spark	det
12	spark	spark	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 makes	obj
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 piece	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	a lighter	the spark					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset spark=Product

Example 1

Stone Age people made tools from flint.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Stone	Stone	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Age	compound
2	Age	Age	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 people	compound
3	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 made	nsubj
4	made	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	tools	tool	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 made	obj
6	from	from	ADP	_	7 flint	case
7	flint	flint	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 made	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 made	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	past	Age people	tools		flint			vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP.product PP.material»: agent=Agent tool=Product from flint=Material

Example 2

We found a flint on the chalk beach.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 found	nsubj
2	found	find	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 flint	det
4	flint	flint	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 found	obj
5	on	on	ADP	_	8 beach	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 beach	det
7	chalk	chalk	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 beach	compound
8	beach	beach	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 found	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 found	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	find	past	We	a flint		the chalk beach			vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent flint=Topic

Example 3

He struck flint and steel to make a spark.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 struck	nsubj
2	struck	strike	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	flint	flint	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 struck	obj
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 steel	cc
5	steel	steel	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 flint	conj
6	to	to	PART	_	7 make	mark
7	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 struck	advcl
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 spark	det
9	spark	spark	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 make	obj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 struck	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	strike	past	He	flint and steel					vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent flint=Patient
2	make	to-infinitive	He not said here	a spark					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset spark=Product

Example 4

The arrowhead was made of sharp flint.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 arrowhead	det
2	arrowhead	arrowhead	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 made	nsubj:pass
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 made	aux:pass
4	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 flint	case
6	sharp	sharp	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 flint	amod
7	flint	flint	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 made	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 made	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	past · passive		the arrowhead				of sharp flint	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product

Example 5

The museum showed a flint hand axe.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 museum	det
2	museum	museum	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 showed	nsubj
3	showed	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 axe	det
5	flint	flint	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 hand	compound
6	hand	hand	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 axe	compound
7	axe	axe	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 showed	obj
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 showed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	past	the museum	a hand axe					vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent axe=Recipient

Example 6

She had a heart of flint and never forgave anyone.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 had	nsubj
2	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 heart	det
4	heart	heart	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 had	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 flint	case
6	flint	flint	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 heart	nmod
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 forgave	cc
8	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	9 forgave	advmod
9	forgave	forgive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 had	conj
10	anyone	anyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	9 forgave	obj
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 had	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	past	She	a heart of flint					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heart=Patient
2	not forgive	past	She not said here	anyone					vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent anyone=Theme

Example 7

The badger heard the flint striking, and asked:

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 badger	det
2	badger	badger	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 heard	nsubj
3	heard	hear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 flint	det
5	flint	flint	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 heard	obj
6	striking	strike	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 flint	acl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 asked	punct
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 asked	cc
9	asked	ask	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 heard	conj
10	:	:	PUNCT	_	3 heard	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	hear	past	the badger	the flint	vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer flint=Stimulus
2	strike	gerund	the flint not said here		vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	ask speech: ask	past	the badger not said here		vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/F/flint/