flog

Who acts: you, UK, Someone, Trying, cruel captain, They · What happens: beat, sell, steal, flog, not work, break · To what, where: someone, something, dead horse, sailors, old scooter, Australia slang

«flog» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: flog in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

To beat someone hard with a whip or stick as a punishment (now illegal in most places).

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 beat	mark
2	beat	beat	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	2 beat	obj
4	hard	hard	ADV	Degree=Pos	2 beat	advmod
5	with	with	ADP	_	7 whip	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 whip	det
7	whip	whip	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 beat	obl
8	or	or	CCONJ	_	9 stick	cc
9	stick	stick	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 whip	conj
10	as	as	ADP	_	12 punishment	case
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 punishment	det
12	punishment	punishment	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 beat	obl
13	(	(	PUNCT	_	15 illegal	punct
14	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	15 illegal	advmod
15	illegal	illegal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 punishment	amod
16	in	in	ADP	_	18 places	case
17	most	most	ADJ	Degree=Sup	18 places	amod
18	places	place	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 illegal	obl
19	)	)	PUNCT	_	15 illegal	punct
20	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 beat	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	beat	to-infinitive		someone				with a whip or stick; as a punishment; hard property	vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent someone=Patient with whip=Instrument

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Usage: UK, Australia, informal — kept apart, not parsed.

To sell something, often quickly or cheaply.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 sell	mark
2	sell	sell	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	2 sell	obj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 quickly	punct
5	often	often	ADV	_	6 quickly	advmod
6	quickly	quickly	ADV	_	2 sell	advmod
7	or	or	CCONJ	_	8 cheaply	cc
8	cheaply	cheaply	ADV	_	6 quickly	conj
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 sell	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sell	to-infinitive		something				quickly property	vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme

Meaning 3

Usage: Australia, NZ slang — kept apart, not parsed.

To steal.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 steal	mark
2	steal	steal	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 steal	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	steal	to-infinitive							vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Meaning 4

Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.

«flog a dead horse»: waste effort on something that will not work.

The tree, 12 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	2 flog	punct
2	flog	flog	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 horse	det
4	dead	dead	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 horse	amod
5	horse	horse	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 flog	obj
6	»	»	PUNCT	_	2 flog	punct
7	:	:	PUNCT	_	9 effort	punct
8	waste	waste	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 effort	compound
9	effort	effort	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 flog	obl
10	on	on	ADP	_	11 something	case
11	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	9 effort	nmod
12	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	15 work	nsubj
13	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	15 work	aux
14	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	15 work	advmod
15	work	work	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	11 something	acl:relcl
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 flog	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	flog in a quote	imperative	you not said here	a dead horse				waste effort on something obl	vn spank-18.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent horse=Patient
2	not work	future							vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Example 1

Long ago, sailors were flogged for breaking rules.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Long	long	ADV	Degree=Pos	2 ago	advmod
2	ago	ago	ADV	_	6 flogged	advmod
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 ago	punct
4	sailors	sailor	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 flogged	nsubj
5	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 flogged	aux:pass
6	flogged	flog	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	for	for	ADP	_	9 rules	case
8	breaking	break	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	9 rules	amod
9	rules	rule	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 flogged	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 flogged	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	flog	past · passive		sailors				for breaking rules; ago property	vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: subject=Theme for rule=Beneficiary
2	break	gerund							vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient

Example 2

(UK informal) I'm going to flog my old scooter online.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 UK	punct
2	UK	UK	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 going	nsubj
3	informal	informal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 UK	amod
4	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 UK	punct
5	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	7 going	nsubj
6	'm	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 going	aux
7	going	go	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
8	to	to	PART	_	9 flog	mark
9	flog	flog	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 going	xcomp
10	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 scooter	nmod:poss
11	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 scooter	amod
12	scooter	scooter	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 flog	obj
13	online	online	ADV	_	9 flog	advmod
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 going	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go	present · progressive	UK						vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	flog	to-infinitive	UK not said here	my old scooter				online property	vn spank-18.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent scooter=Patient

Example 3

(Australia slang) Someone flogged my pencil case!

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	3 slang	punct
2	Australia	Australia	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 slang	compound
3	slang	slang	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 flogged	obl
4	)	)	PUNCT	_	3 slang	punct
5	Someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	6 flogged	nsubj
6	flogged	flog	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 case	nmod:poss
8	pencil	pencil	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 case	compound
9	case	case	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 flogged	obj
10	!	!	PUNCT	_	6 flogged	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	flog	past	Someone	Australia slang					vn spank-18.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent case=Patient

Example 4

Trying to fix that broken toy is flogging a dead horse.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Trying	try	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	8 flogging	csubj
2	to	to	PART	_	3 fix	mark
3	fix	fix	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Trying	xcomp
4	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	6 toy	det
5	broken	break	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 toy	amod
6	toy	toy	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 fix	obj
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 flogging	aux
8	flogging	flog	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 horse	det
10	dead	dead	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 horse	amod
11	horse	horse	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 flogging	obj
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 flogging	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	try	gerund			vn try-61.1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
2	fix not said to happen	to-infinitive		that broken toy	vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent toy=Patient
3	break	participle			vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient
4	flog	present · progressive	Trying	a dead horse	vn spank-18.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent horse=Patient

Example 5

The cruel captain flogged the crew.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 captain	det
2	cruel	cruel	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 captain	amod
3	captain	captain	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 flogged	nsubj
4	flogged	flog	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 crew	det
6	crew	crew	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 flogged	obj
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 flogged	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	flog	past	the cruel captain	the crew					vn spank-18.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crew=Patient

Example 6

(informal) They flogged all the cakes in ten minutes.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 informal	punct
2	informal	informal	NUM	_	5 flogged	discourse
3	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 informal	punct
4	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 flogged	nsubj
5	flogged	flog	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	8 cakes	det:predet
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 cakes	det
8	cakes	cake	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 flogged	obj
9	in	in	ADP	_	11 minutes	case
10	ten	ten	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	11 minutes	nummod
11	minutes	minute	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 flogged	obl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 flogged	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	flog	past	They	all cakes			minute		vn spank-18.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cake=Patient

Example 7

The king read the paper, and ordering the man to be flogged, dismissed him.

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 king	det
2	king	king	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 read	nsubj
3	read	read	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 paper	det
5	paper	paper	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 read	obj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 ordering	punct
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 ordering	cc
8	ordering	order	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 read	advcl
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 man	det
10	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 ordering	obj
11	to	to	PART	_	13 flogged	mark
12	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	13 flogged	aux:pass
13	flogged	flog	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 man	acl
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 dismissed	punct
15	dismissed	dismiss	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 read	conj
16	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 dismissed	obj
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 read	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	roles by
1	read	past	the king	the paper		vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent paper=Topic
2	order	gerund	the king not said here		the man	vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent man=Theme
3	flog	to-infinitive · passive	the king not said here			vn spank-18.3 «NP V NP»
4	dismiss	past	the king not said here	man		vn banish-10.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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