froghopper Who acts: small jumping insect, plants, froghopper, froghopper nymph, Froghoppers, Cuckoo spit · What happens: jump, live, call, make, look, have · To what, where: blob, cuckoo spit, spittlebug, foam, bit, nothing · Speech: someone speaks here
«froghopper» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 5 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: froghopper in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A small jumping insect whose young live inside a blob of froth on plants, called cuckoo spit; also called a spittlebug.
The tree, 21 words det amod amod nsubj nmod:poss nsubj case det obl case nmod case nmod punct acl compound xcomp punct advmod parataxis det xcomp punct root A DET small ADJ jumping VERB insect NOUN whose PRON young NOUN live VERB inside ADP a DET blob NOUN of ADP froth NOUN on ADP plants NOUN , PUNCT called VERB cuckoo NOUN spit NOUN ; PUNCT also ADV called VERB a DET spittlebug NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 insect det 2 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 4 insect amod 3 jumping jump VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 insect amod 4 insect insect NOUN Number=Sing 7 live nsubj 5 whose whose PRON Poss=Yes PronType=Rel 6 young nmod:poss 6 young young NOUN Number=Plur 7 live nsubj 7 live live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 8 inside inside ADP _ 10 blob case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 blob det 10 blob blob NOUN Number=Sing 7 live obl 11 of of ADP _ 12 froth case 12 froth froth NOUN Number=Sing 10 blob nmod 13 on on ADP _ 14 plants case 14 plants plant NOUN Number=Plur 12 froth nmod 15 , , PUNCT _ 16 called punct 16 called call VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 14 plants acl 17 cuckoo cuckoo NOUN Number=Sing 18 spit compound 18 spit spit NOUN Number=Sing 16 called xcomp 19 ; ; PUNCT _ 21 called punct 20 also also ADV _ 21 called advmod 21 called call VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 live parataxis 22 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 23 spittlebug det 23 spittlebug spittlebug NOUN Number=Sing 21 called xcomp 24 . . PUNCT _ 7 live punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 jump gerund vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 live present a small jumping insect a blob of froth on plants vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme inside blob=Location 3 call participle plants not said here cuckoo spit vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 4 call participle a spittlebug vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Example 1 A froghopper can jump much higher than its own body length.
det nsubj aux advmod advmod case nmod:poss amod compound obl punct root A DET froghopper NOUN can AUX jump VERB much ADV higher ADJ than ADP its PRON own ADJ body NOUN length NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 froghopper det 2 froghopper froghopper NOUN Number=Sing 4 jump nsubj 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 jump aux 4 jump jump VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 much much ADV _ 6 higher advmod 6 higher high ADJ Degree=Cmp 4 jump advmod 7 than than ADP _ 11 length case 8 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 11 length nmod:poss 9 own own ADJ Degree=Pos 11 length amod 10 body body NOUN Number=Sing 11 length compound 11 length length NOUN Number=Sing 6 higher obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 4 jump punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 jump can a froghopper vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 2 The foam on the lavender is made by a froghopper nymph.
det nsubj:pass case det nmod aux:pass case det compound obl punct root The DET foam NOUN on ADP the DET lavender NOUN is AUX made VERB by ADP a DET froghopper NOUN nymph NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 foam det 2 foam foam NOUN Number=Sing 7 made nsubj:pass 3 on on ADP _ 5 lavender case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 lavender det 5 lavender lavender NOUN Number=Sing 2 foam nmod 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 made aux:pass 7 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 8 by by ADP _ 11 nymph case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 nymph det 10 froghopper froghopper NOUN Number=Sing 11 nymph compound 11 nymph nymph NOUN Number=Sing 7 made obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 7 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make present · passive a froghopper nymph the foam on the lavender vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Product
Example 3 Froghoppers look a bit like tiny frogs.
nsubj det obj case amod obl punct root Froghoppers NOUN look VERB a DET bit NOUN like ADP tiny ADJ frogs NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Froghoppers froghopper NOUN Number=Plur 2 look nsubj 2 look look VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 bit det 4 bit bit NOUN Number=Sing 2 look obj 5 like like ADP _ 7 frogs case 6 tiny tiny ADJ Degree=Pos 7 frogs amod 7 frogs frog NOUN Number=Plur 2 look obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 look punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 look present Froghoppers a bit like tiny frogs vn seem-109-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme bit=Attribute
Example 4 Cuckoo spit has nothing to do with cuckoos — it's froghoppers.
compound nsubj obj mark acl case obl punct nsubj cop conj punct root Cuckoo NOUN spit NOUN has VERB nothing PRON to PART do VERB with ADP cuckoos NOUN — PUNCT it PRON 's AUX froghoppers NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Cuckoo cuckoo NOUN Number=Sing 2 spit compound 2 spit spit NOUN Number=Sing 3 has nsubj 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 nothing nothing PRON Number=Sing PronType=Neg 3 has obj 5 to to PART _ 6 do mark 6 do do VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 nothing acl 7 with with ADP _ 8 cuckoos case 8 cuckoos cuckoo NOUN Number=Plur 6 do obl 9 — - PUNCT _ 12 froghoppers punct 10 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 12 froghoppers nsubj 11 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 froghoppers cop 12 froghoppers froghopper NOUN Number=Plur 3 has conj 13 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present Cuckoo spit nothing vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nothing=Patient 2 do to-infinitive Cuckoo spit not said here nothing not said here with cuckoos vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 is a present spit froghoppers tree rules
Example 5 We found a froghopper hiding in the bubbles.
nsubj det obj acl case det obl punct root We PRON found VERB a DET froghopper NOUN hiding VERB in ADP the DET bubbles NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 found nsubj 2 found find VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 froghopper det 4 froghopper froghopper NOUN Number=Sing 2 found obj 5 hiding hide VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 froghopper acl 6 in in ADP _ 8 bubbles case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 bubbles det 8 bubbles bubble NOUN Number=Plur 5 hiding obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 found punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 find past We a froghopper vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent froghopper=Topic 2 hide gerund a froghopper not said here the bubbles vn concealment-16-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in bubble=Location
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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