gaily Who acts: children, trouble, He, Toad, She, singer · What happens: sing, paint, think, cause, spend, dance · To what, where: money, maypole, coloured caravan, Flags, wind, train · Speech: someone speaks here
«gaily» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: gaily in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 In a happy, cheerful, lively way: «The children sang gaily.».
The tree, 10 words case det amod punct amod punct amod punct punct det nsubj conj xcomp punct punct punct root In ADP a DET happy ADJ , PUNCT cheerful ADJ , PUNCT lively ADJ way NOUN : PUNCT « PUNCT The DET children NOUN sang VERB gaily ADJ . PUNCT » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 8 way case 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 way det 3 happy happy ADJ Degree=Pos 8 way amod 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 happy punct 5 cheerful cheerful ADJ Degree=Pos 8 way amod 6 , , PUNCT _ 5 cheerful punct 7 lively lively ADJ Degree=Pos 8 way amod 8 way way NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 : : PUNCT _ 13 sang punct 10 « « PUNCT _ 13 sang punct 11 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 children det 12 children child NOUN Number=Plur 13 sang nsubj 13 sang sing VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 way conj 14 gaily gaily ADJ Degree=Pos 13 sang xcomp 15 . . PUNCT _ 14 gaily punct 16 » » PUNCT _ 13 sang punct 17 . . PUNCT _ 8 way punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sing speech: express in a quote past the children gaily property vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Brightly and colourfully: «gaily painted boats».
cc conj punct punct advmod amod appos punct punct root Brightly ADV and CCONJ colourfully ADV : PUNCT « PUNCT gaily ADV painted VERB boats NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Brightly brightly ADV _ root root 2 and and CCONJ _ 3 colourfully cc 3 colourfully colourfully ADV _ 1 Brightly conj 4 : : PUNCT _ 8 boats punct 5 « « PUNCT _ 8 boats punct 6 gaily gaily ADV _ 7 painted advmod 7 painted paint VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 8 boats amod 8 boats boat NOUN Number=Plur 1 Brightly appos 9 » » PUNCT _ 8 boats punct 10 . . PUNCT _ 1 Brightly punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 paint in a quote participle gaily property vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Meaning 3 Carelessly, without thinking about the trouble it causes: «He gaily spent all the money.».
The tree, 14 words advmod punct mark advcl case det obl nsubj punct punct nsubj advmod parataxis det:predet det obj punct punct punct root Carelessly ADV , PUNCT without SCONJ thinking VERB about ADP the DET trouble NOUN it PRON causes VERB : PUNCT « PUNCT He PRON gaily ADV spent VERB all DET the DET money NOUN . PUNCT » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Carelessly carelessly ADV _ 9 causes advmod 2 , , PUNCT _ 1 Carelessly punct 3 without without SCONJ _ 4 thinking mark 4 thinking think VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 9 causes advcl 5 about about ADP _ 7 trouble case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 trouble det 7 trouble trouble NOUN Number=Sing 4 thinking obl 8 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 causes nsubj 9 causes cause VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 10 : : PUNCT _ 9 causes punct 11 « « PUNCT _ 14 spent punct 12 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 spent nsubj 13 gaily gaily ADV _ 14 spent advmod 14 spent spend VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 9 causes parataxis 15 all all DET PronType=Tot 17 money det:predet 16 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 17 money det 17 money money NOUN Number=Sing 14 spent obj 18 . . PUNCT _ 14 spent punct 19 » » PUNCT _ 14 spent punct 20 . . PUNCT _ 9 causes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 think speech: other gerund trouble not said here about the trouble vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about trouble=Topic 2 cause present trouble carelessly property tree rules 3 spend in a quote past He all money gaily property vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Asset
Example 1 The children danced gaily round the maypole.
det nsubj advmod case det obl punct root The DET children NOUN danced VERB gaily ADV round ADP the DET maypole NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 children det 2 children child NOUN Number=Plur 3 danced nsubj 3 danced dance VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 gaily gaily ADV _ 3 danced advmod 5 round round ADP _ 7 maypole case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 maypole det 7 maypole maypole NOUN Number=Sing 3 danced obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 danced punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 dance past the children the maypole gaily property vn waltz-51.5 «NP V PP.trajectory PP.goal»: agent=Theme round maypole=Trajectory
Example 2 The canary-coloured caravan was gaily painted.
det amod punct amod nsubj:pass aux:pass advmod punct root The DET canary ADJ - PUNCT coloured ADJ caravan NOUN was AUX gaily ADV painted VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 caravan det 2 canary canary ADJ Degree=Pos 4 coloured amod 3 - - PUNCT _ 2 canary punct 4 coloured coloured ADJ Degree=Pos 5 caravan amod 5 caravan caravan NOUN Number=Sing 8 painted nsubj:pass 6 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 painted aux:pass 7 gaily gaily ADV _ 8 painted advmod 8 painted paint VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 9 . . PUNCT _ 8 painted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 paint past · passive the coloured caravan gaily property vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination»: subject=Destination
Example 3 Flags fluttered gaily in the wind.
acl advmod case det obl punct root Flags NOUN fluttered VERB gaily ADV in ADP the DET wind NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Flags flag NOUN Number=Plur root root 2 fluttered flutter VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 1 Flags acl 3 gaily gaily ADV _ 2 fluttered advmod 4 in in ADP _ 6 wind case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 wind det 6 wind wind NOUN Number=Sing 2 fluttered obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 1 Flags punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 flutter participle Flags not said here the wind gaily property vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in wind=Location
Example 4 Toad sang gaily as he drove off.
nsubj xcomp mark nsubj advcl compound:prt punct root Toad PROPN sang VERB gaily ADJ as SCONJ he PRON drove VERB off ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Toad Toad PROPN Number=Sing 2 sang nsubj 2 sang sing VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 gaily gaily ADJ Degree=Pos 2 sang xcomp 4 as as SCONJ _ 6 drove mark 5 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 drove nsubj 6 drove drive VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 sang advcl 7 off off ADP _ 6 drove compound:prt 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 sang punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sing speech: express past Toad gaily property vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location 2 drive off past Toad vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent
Example 5 She waved gaily from the train.
nsubj advmod case det obl punct root She PRON waved VERB gaily ADV from ADP the DET train NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 waved nsubj 2 waved wave VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 gaily gaily ADV _ 2 waved advmod 4 from from ADP _ 6 train case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 train det 6 train train NOUN Number=Sing 2 waved obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 waved punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wave past She the train gaily property vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 6 He gaily promised things he could not do.
nsubj advmod obj nsubj aux advmod acl:relcl punct root He PRON gaily ADV promised VERB things NOUN he PRON could AUX not PART do VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 promised nsubj 2 gaily gaily ADV _ 3 promised advmod 3 promised promise VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 3 promised obj 5 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 do nsubj 6 could could AUX VerbForm=Fin 8 do aux 7 not not PART Polarity=Neg 8 do advmod 8 do do VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 things acl:relcl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 promised punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 promise speech: promise past He things gaily property vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent thing=Theme 2 not do could he things not said here vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Eventuality
Example 7 The singer gaily mounted the ancient stage, and sang.
det nsubj advmod det amod obj punct cc conj punct root The DET singer NOUN gaily ADV mounted VERB the DET ancient ADJ stage NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ sang VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 singer det 2 singer singer NOUN Number=Sing 4 mounted nsubj 3 gaily gaily ADV _ 4 mounted advmod 4 mounted mount VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 stage det 6 ancient ancient ADJ Degree=Pos 7 stage amod 7 stage stage NOUN Number=Sing 4 mounted obj 8 , , PUNCT _ 10 sang punct 9 and and CCONJ _ 10 sang cc 10 sang sing VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 mounted conj 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 mounted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mount past the singer the ancient stage gaily property vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stage=Patient 2 sing speech: express past the singer not said here vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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