gang Who acts: gang, friends, young people, workers, someone, whole gang · What happens: be, spend, cause, do, gang up, mean · To what, where: group, trouble, job, Scottish speech, birthday party, jewels · Speech: someone speaks here
«gang» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: gang in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A gang is a group of friends who spend time together.
det nsubj cop det case nmod nsubj acl:relcl obj advmod punct root A DET gang NOUN is AUX a DET group NOUN of ADP friends NOUN who PRON spend VERB time NOUN together ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 gang det 2 gang gang NOUN Number=Sing 5 group nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 group cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 group det 5 group group NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of ADP _ 7 friends case 7 friends friend NOUN Number=Plur 5 group nmod 8 who who PRON PronType=Rel 9 spend nsubj 9 spend spend VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 friends acl:relcl 10 time time NOUN Number=Sing 9 spend obj 11 together together ADV _ 9 spend advmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 5 group punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a gang a group of friends tree rules 2 spend present friends time together property vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A gang is a group of criminals or of young people who cause trouble or fights.
The tree, 16 words det nsubj cop det case nmod cc case amod conj nsubj acl:relcl obj cc conj punct root A DET gang NOUN is AUX a DET group NOUN of ADP criminals NOUN or CCONJ of ADP young ADJ people NOUN who PRON cause VERB trouble NOUN or CCONJ fights NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 gang det 2 gang gang NOUN Number=Sing 5 group nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 group cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 group det 5 group group NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of ADP _ 7 criminals case 7 criminals criminal NOUN Number=Plur 5 group nmod 8 or or CCONJ _ 11 people cc 9 of of ADP _ 11 people case 10 young young ADJ Degree=Pos 11 people amod 11 people people NOUN Number=Plur 7 criminals conj 12 who who PRON PronType=Rel 13 cause nsubj 13 cause cause VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 people acl:relcl 14 trouble trouble NOUN Number=Sing 13 cause obj 15 or or CCONJ _ 16 fights cc 16 fights fight NOUN Number=Plur 14 trouble conj 17 . . PUNCT _ 5 group punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a gang a group of criminals or young people tree rules 2 cause present young people trouble or fights vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition trouble=Patient
Meaning 3 A gang is a group of workers doing a job together.
det nsubj cop det case nmod acl det obj advmod punct root A DET gang NOUN is AUX a DET group NOUN of ADP workers NOUN doing VERB a DET job NOUN together ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 gang det 2 gang gang NOUN Number=Sing 5 group nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 group cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 group det 5 group group NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of ADP _ 7 workers case 7 workers worker NOUN Number=Plur 5 group nmod 8 doing do VERB VerbForm=Ger 7 workers acl 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 job det 10 job job NOUN Number=Sing 8 doing obj 11 together together ADV _ 8 doing advmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 5 group punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a gang a group of workers tree rules 2 do gerund workers not said here a job together property vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent job=Eventuality
Meaning 4 To gang up on someone is to join together against one person.
mark compound:prt mark nsubj cop mark advcl advmod case nummod obl punct root To PART gang VERB up ADP on SCONJ someone PRON is AUX to PART join VERB together ADV against ADP one NUM person NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 gang mark 2 gang gang VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 up up ADP _ 2 gang compound:prt 4 on on SCONJ _ 8 join mark 5 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 8 join nsubj 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 join cop 7 to to PART _ 8 join mark 8 join join VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 gang advcl 9 together together ADV _ 8 join advmod 10 against against ADP _ 12 person case 11 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 12 person nummod 12 person person NOUN Number=Sing 8 join obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 gang punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 gang up to-infinitive tree rules 2 is present someone against one person; join, together property tree rules
Meaning 5 In Scottish speech, gang means to go.
case amod obl punct nsubj mark ccomp punct root In ADP Scottish ADJ speech NOUN , PUNCT gang NOUN means VERB to PART go VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 speech case 2 Scottish Scottish ADJ Degree=Pos 3 speech amod 3 speech speech NOUN Number=Sing 6 means obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 speech punct 5 gang gang NOUN Number=Sing 6 means nsubj 6 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 to to PART _ 8 go mark 8 go go VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 6 means ccomp 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present gang Scottish speech vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 go not said to happen to-infinitive vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 1 The whole gang came to my birthday party.
det amod nsubj case nmod:poss compound obl punct root The DET whole ADJ gang NOUN came VERB to ADP my PRON birthday NOUN party NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 gang det 2 whole whole ADJ Degree=Pos 3 gang amod 3 gang gang NOUN Number=Sing 4 came nsubj 4 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 to to ADP _ 8 party case 6 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 party nmod:poss 7 birthday birthday NOUN Number=Sing 8 party compound 8 party party NOUN Number=Sing 4 came obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 came punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come past the whole gang my birthday party vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to party=Initial_Location
Example 2 A gang of robbers stole the jewels.
det nsubj case nmod det obj punct root A DET gang NOUN of ADP robbers NOUN stole VERB the DET jewels NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 gang det 2 gang gang NOUN Number=Sing 5 stole nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 4 robbers case 4 robbers robber NOUN Number=Plur 2 gang nmod 5 stole steal VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 jewels det 7 jewels jewel NOUN Number=Plur 5 stole obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 stole punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 steal past a gang of robbers the jewels vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location jewel=Theme
Example 3 It's not fair to gang up on one person.
nsubj cop advmod mark csubj compound:prt case nummod obl punct root It PRON 's AUX not PART fair ADJ to PART gang VERB up ADP on ADP one NUM person NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 fair nsubj 2 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 fair cop 3 not not PART Polarity=Neg 4 fair advmod 4 fair fair ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 to to PART _ 6 gang mark 6 gang gang VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 fair csubj 7 up up ADP _ 6 gang compound:prt 8 on on ADP _ 10 person case 9 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 10 person nummod 10 person person NOUN Number=Sing 6 gang obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 fair punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not is present It fair property tree rules 2 gang up to-infinitive on one person tree rules
Example 4 The gang built a den in the woods.
det nsubj det obj case det obl punct root The DET gang NOUN built VERB a DET den NOUN in ADP the DET woods NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 gang det 2 gang gang NOUN Number=Sing 3 built nsubj 3 built build VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 den det 5 den den NOUN Number=Sing 3 built obj 6 in in ADP _ 8 woods case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 woods det 8 woods wood NOUN Number=Plur 3 built obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 built punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 build past the gang a den the woods vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset den=Product
Example 5 A gang of workers repaired the railway.
det nsubj case nmod det obj punct root A DET gang NOUN of ADP workers NOUN repaired VERB the DET railway NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 gang det 2 gang gang NOUN Number=Sing 5 repaired nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 4 workers case 4 workers worker NOUN Number=Plur 2 gang nmod 5 repaired repair VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 railway det 7 railway railway NOUN Number=Sing 5 repaired obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 repaired punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 repair past a gang of workers the railway vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent railway=Patient
Example 6 The police arrested the gang leader.
det nsubj det compound obj punct root The DET police NOUN arrested VERB the DET gang NOUN leader NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 police det 2 police police NOUN Number=Plur 3 arrested nsubj 3 arrested arrest VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 leader det 5 gang gang NOUN Number=Sing 6 leader compound 6 leader leader NOUN Number=Sing 3 arrested obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 arrested punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 arrest past the police the gang leader vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leader=Patient
Example 7 If older kids pressure you to join a gang, tell a trusted adult.
The tree, 13 words mark amod compound nsubj nsubj mark advcl det obj punct det amod obj punct root If SCONJ older ADJ kids NOUN pressure NOUN you PRON to PART join VERB a DET gang NOUN , PUNCT tell VERB a DET trusted VERB adult NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 If if SCONJ _ 7 join mark 2 older old ADJ Degree=Cmp 3 kids amod 3 kids kid NOUN Number=Plur 4 pressure compound 4 pressure pressure NOUN Number=Sing 7 join nsubj 5 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 7 join nsubj 6 to to PART _ 7 join mark 7 join join VERB VerbForm=Inf 11 tell advcl 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 gang det 9 gang gang NOUN Number=Sing 7 join obj 10 , , PUNCT _ 7 join punct 11 tell tell VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 adult det 13 trusted trust VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 14 adult amod 14 adult adult NOUN Number=Sing 11 tell obj 15 . . PUNCT _ 11 tell punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 join a condition, not said to happen to-infinitive kids pressure a gang vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gang=Patient 2 tell speech: assert imperative you not said here a trusted adult vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent adult=Recipient 3 trust participle vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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