gay

Who acts: women, This, insult, uncle, Some, girls · What happens: describe, attract, call, be, use, mean · To what, where: person, man, women, usual meaning, bad, two mums · Speech: someone speaks here

«gay» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: gay in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Describing a person, especially a man, who is romantically attracted to people of the same sex; women may also call themselves gay or lesbian. This is the usual meaning today and a respectful word.

Sentence 1: Describing a person, especially a man, who is romantically attracted to people of the same sex; women may also call themselves gay or lesbian.

The tree, 24 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Describing	describe	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	7 man	csubj
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 person	det
3	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Describing	obj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 man	punct
5	especially	especially	ADV	_	7 man	advmod
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 man	det
7	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 attracted	punct
9	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	12 attracted	nsubj:pass
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 attracted	aux:pass
11	romantically	romantically	ADV	_	12 attracted	advmod
12	attracted	attract	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 man	acl:relcl
13	to	to	ADP	_	14 people	case
14	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 attracted	obl
15	of	of	ADP	_	18 sex	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 sex	det
17	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 sex	amod
18	sex	sex	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 people	nmod
19	;	;	PUNCT	_	23 call	punct
20	women	woman	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 call	nsubj
21	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	23 call	aux
22	also	also	ADV	_	23 call	advmod
23	call	call	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 man	parataxis
24	themselves	themselves	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	23 call	obj
25	gay	gay	ADJ	Degree=Pos	23 call	xcomp
26	or	or	CCONJ	_	27 lesbian	cc
27	lesbian	lesbian	ADJ	Degree=Pos	25 gay	conj
28	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 man	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	describe	gerund		a person		vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent person=Theme
2	attract	present · passive		a man	to people of the same sex result; romantically property	vn lure-59.3 «NP V NP PP.result»: subject=Patient to people=Result
3	call	may	women	women = woman	gay property	vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent themselves=Recipient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: This is the usual meaning today and a respectful word.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	This	this	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	5 meaning	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 meaning	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 meaning	det
4	usual	usual	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 meaning	amod
5	meaning	meaning	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	today	today	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 meaning	nmod:unmarked
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 word	cc
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 word	det
9	respectful	respectful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 word	amod
10	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 meaning	conj
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 meaning	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	This	the usual meaning and a respectful word			today		tree rules

Meaning 2

Usage: old-fashioned — kept apart, not parsed.

Happy, merry and full of fun: «a gay laugh».

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Happy	happy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 merry	punct
3	merry	merry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Happy	conj
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 full	cc
5	full	full	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Happy	conj
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 fun	case
7	fun	fun	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 full	obl
8	:	:	PUNCT	_	12 laugh	punct
9	«	«	PUNCT	_	12 laugh	punct
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 laugh	det
11	gay	gay	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 laugh	amod
12	laugh	laugh	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 fun	nmod
13	»	»	PUNCT	_	12 laugh	punct
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Happy	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Meaning 3

Usage: old-fashioned — kept apart, not parsed.

Bright and colourful: «gay flags».

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Bright	bright	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 colourful	amod
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	3 colourful	cc
3	colourful	colourful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	:	:	PUNCT	_	3 colourful	punct
5	«	«	PUNCT	_	7 flags	punct
6	gay	gay	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 flags	amod
7	flags	flag	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 colourful	obl
8	»	»	PUNCT	_	7 flags	punct
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 colourful	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Meaning 4

Usage: rude, offensive — kept apart, not parsed.

Used by some as an insult meaning «bad» or «stupid» – this is hurtful and wrong.

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Used	use	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
2	by	by	ADP	_	3 some	case
3	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	1 Used	obl
4	as	as	ADP	_	6 insult	case
5	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 insult	det
6	insult	insult	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 some	nmod
7	meaning	mean	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 insult	acl
8	«	«	PUNCT	_	9 bad	punct
9	bad	bad	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 meaning	obj
10	»	»	PUNCT	_	9 bad	punct
11	or	or	CCONJ	_	13 stupid	cc
12	«	«	PUNCT	_	13 stupid	punct
13	stupid	stupid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 bad	conj
14	»	»	PUNCT	_	9 bad	punct
15	–	-	PUNCT	_	18 hurtful	punct
16	this	this	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	18 hurtful	nsubj
17	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 hurtful	cop
18	hurtful	hurtful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Used	parataxis
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 wrong	cc
20	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 hurtful	conj
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Used	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	use	participle			by some	vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	mean	gerund	a insult not said here	bad		vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bad=Topic
3	is	present	this		hurtful property	tree rules
4	be		this not said here			tree rules

Example 1

My uncle is gay and lives with his husband.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	My	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 uncle	nmod:poss
2	uncle	uncle	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 gay	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 gay	cop
4	gay	gay	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 lives	cc
6	lives	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 gay	conj
7	with	with	ADP	_	9 husband	case
8	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 husband	nmod:poss
9	husband	husband	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 lives	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 gay	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	My uncle					gay property	tree rules
2	live	present	My uncle not said here					with his husband	vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme with husband=Location

Example 2

Some of my friends have two mums.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	5 have	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	4 friends	case
3	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 friends	nmod:poss
4	friends	friend	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Some	nmod
5	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	7 mums	nummod
7	mums	mum	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 have	obj
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 have	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	Some	two mums					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mum=Patient

Example 3

In the old song, the girls were «gay and bright».

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	4 song	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 song	det
3	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 song	amod
4	song	song	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 gay	obl
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 song	punct
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 girls	det
7	girls	girl	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 gay	nsubj
8	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 gay	cop
9	«	«	PUNCT	_	10 gay	punct
10	gay	gay	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 bright	cc
12	bright	bright	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 gay	conj
13	»	»	PUNCT	_	12 bright	punct
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	10 gay	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is in a quote	past	the girls			the old song		gay property	tree rules
2	be in a quote		the girls not said here						tree rules

Example 4

The town was gay with flags for the festival.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 town	det
2	town	town	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 gay	nsubj
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 gay	cop
4	gay	gay	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	with	with	ADP	_	6 flags	case
6	flags	flag	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 gay	obl
7	for	for	ADP	_	9 festival	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 festival	det
9	festival	festival	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 gay	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 gay	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	the town					with flags; for the festival; gay property	tree rules

Example 5

Toad sang a gay little song as he drove along.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Toad	Toad	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 sang	nsubj
2	sang	sing	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 song	det
4	gay	gay	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 song	amod
5	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 song	amod
6	song	song	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 sang	obj
7	as	as	SCONJ	_	9 drove	mark
8	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 drove	nsubj
9	drove	drive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 sang	advcl
10	along	along	ADV	_	9 drove	advmod
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 sang	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sing speech: express	past	Toad	a gay little song					vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location song=Theme
2	drive	past	Toad					along property	vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent

Example 6

Using «gay» as an insult is unkind and not allowed in our school.

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Using	use	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	9 unkind	csubj
2	«	«	PUNCT	_	3 gay	punct
3	gay	gay	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Using	obj
4	»	»	PUNCT	_	3 gay	punct
5	as	as	ADP	_	7 insult	case
6	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 insult	det
7	insult	insult	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Using	obl
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 unkind	cop
9	unkind	unkind	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 allowed	cc
11	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	12 allowed	advmod
12	allowed	allow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 unkind	conj
13	in	in	ADP	_	15 school	case
14	our	our	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	15 school	nmod:poss
15	school	school	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 allowed	obl
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 unkind	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	use	gerund		gay		as a insult	vn spend_time-104 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent gay=Duration as insult=Attribute
2	is	present	Using			unkind property	tree rules
3	not allow	participle	Using not said here		our school		vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Causer

Example 7

Never has there been a gayer Court.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	2 has	advmod
2	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	2 has	advmod
4	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	7 Court	cop
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 Court	det
6	gayer	gay	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	7 Court	amod
7	Court	court	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 has	parataxis
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 has	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not have	present				there			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	is a	participle		a gayer Court					tree rules

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/G/gay/