gazelle Who acts: gazelle, curved horns, People, cheetah, Gazelles, lion · What happens: be, curve, live, call, graze, chase · To what, where: small slim fast antelope, Africa, graceful fast runner, gazelles, gazelle, plain · Speech: someone speaks here
«gazelle» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: gazelle in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A gazelle is a small, slim, fast antelope with curved horns that lives in Africa and Asia.
The tree, 17 words det nsubj cop det amod punct amod punct amod case amod nmod nsubj acl:relcl case obl cc conj punct root A DET gazelle NOUN is AUX a DET small ADJ , PUNCT slim ADJ , PUNCT fast ADJ antelope NOUN with ADP curved VERB horns NOUN that PRON lives VERB in ADP Africa PROPN and CCONJ Asia PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 gazelle det 2 gazelle gazelle NOUN Number=Sing 10 antelope nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 antelope cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 antelope det 5 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 10 antelope amod 6 , , PUNCT _ 5 small punct 7 slim slim ADJ Degree=Pos 10 antelope amod 8 , , PUNCT _ 7 slim punct 9 fast fast ADJ Degree=Pos 10 antelope amod 10 antelope antelope NOUN Number=Sing root root 11 with with ADP _ 13 horns case 12 curved curve VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 13 horns amod 13 horns horn NOUN Number=Plur 10 antelope nmod 14 that that PRON PronType=Rel 15 lives nsubj 15 lives live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 horns acl:relcl 16 in in ADP _ 17 Africa case 17 Africa Africa PROPN Number=Sing 15 lives obl 18 and and CCONJ _ 19 Asia cc 19 Asia Asia PROPN Number=Sing 17 Africa conj 20 . . PUNCT _ 10 antelope punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a gazelle a small slim fast antelope with curved horns tree rules 2 curve participle vn knead-26.5 «NP.material V PP.product»: agent=Material 3 live present curved horns Africa and Asia vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in africa=Location
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 People sometimes call a graceful, fast runner a gazelle.
nsubj advmod det amod punct amod obj det xcomp punct root People NOUN sometimes ADV call VERB a DET graceful ADJ , PUNCT fast ADJ runner NOUN a DET gazelle NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 People people NOUN Number=Plur 3 call nsubj 2 sometimes sometimes ADV PronType=Ind 3 call advmod 3 call call VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 runner det 5 graceful graceful ADJ Degree=Pos 8 runner amod 6 , , PUNCT _ 5 graceful punct 7 fast fast ADJ Degree=Pos 8 runner amod 8 runner runner NOUN Number=Sing 3 call obj 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 gazelle det 10 gazelle gazelle NOUN Number=Sing 3 call xcomp 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 call punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 call present People a graceful fast runner sometimes property vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent runner=Recipient
Example 1 A herd of gazelles grazed on the savanna.
det case nmod acl case det obl punct root A DET herd NOUN of ADP gazelles NOUN grazed VERB on ADP the DET savanna NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 herd det 2 herd herd NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 of of ADP _ 4 gazelles case 4 gazelles gazelle NOUN Number=Plur 2 herd nmod 5 grazed graze VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 gazelles acl 6 on on ADP _ 8 savanna case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 savanna det 8 savanna savanna NOUN Number=Sing 5 grazed obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 herd punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 graze participle gazelles not said here on the savanna vn dine-39.5 «NP V PP.patient»: agent=Agent on savanna=Patient
Example 2 The cheetah chased the gazelle across the plain.
det nsubj det obj case det obl punct root The DET cheetah NOUN chased VERB the DET gazelle NOUN across ADP the DET plain NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 cheetah det 2 cheetah cheetah NOUN Number=Sing 3 chased nsubj 3 chased chase VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 gazelle det 5 gazelle gazelle NOUN Number=Sing 3 chased obj 6 across across ADP _ 8 plain case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 plain det 8 plain plain NOUN Number=Sing 3 chased obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 chased punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 chase past the cheetah the gazelle the plain vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent gazelle=Theme across plain=Trajectory
Example 3 Gazelles can run very fast and turn quickly.
nsubj aux advmod advmod cc conj advmod punct root Gazelles NOUN can AUX run VERB very ADV fast ADV and CCONJ turn VERB quickly ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Gazelles gazelle NOUN Number=Plur 3 run nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 run aux 3 run run VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 very very ADV _ 5 fast advmod 5 fast fast ADV Degree=Pos 3 run advmod 6 and and CCONJ _ 7 turn cc 7 turn turn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 run conj 8 quickly quickly ADV _ 7 turn advmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 run punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 run can Gazelles fast property vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 turn present Gazelles not said here quickly property vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
Example 4 In the food chain, grass is eaten by the gazelle, and the gazelle is eaten by the lion.
The tree, 18 words case det compound obl punct nsubj:pass aux:pass case det obl punct cc det nsubj:pass aux:pass conj case det obl punct root In ADP the DET food NOUN chain NOUN , PUNCT grass NOUN is AUX eaten VERB by ADP the DET gazelle NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ the DET gazelle NOUN is AUX eaten VERB by ADP the DET lion NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 4 chain case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 chain det 3 food food NOUN Number=Sing 4 chain compound 4 chain chain NOUN Number=Sing 8 eaten obl 5 , , PUNCT _ 4 chain punct 6 grass grass NOUN Number=Sing 8 eaten nsubj:pass 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 eaten aux:pass 8 eaten eat VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 9 by by ADP _ 11 gazelle case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 gazelle det 11 gazelle gazelle NOUN Number=Sing 8 eaten obl 12 , , PUNCT _ 17 eaten punct 13 and and CCONJ _ 17 eaten cc 14 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 15 gazelle det 15 gazelle gazelle NOUN Number=Sing 17 eaten nsubj:pass 16 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 17 eaten aux:pass 17 eaten eat VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 8 eaten conj 18 by by ADP _ 20 lion case 19 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 20 lion det 20 lion lion NOUN Number=Sing 17 eaten obl 21 . . PUNCT _ 8 eaten punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 eat present · passive the gazelle grass the food chain vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient 2 eat present · passive the lion the gazelle vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient
Example 5 She ran like a gazelle on sports day.
nsubj case det obl case compound obl punct root She PRON ran VERB like ADP a DET gazelle NOUN on ADP sports NOUN day NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 ran nsubj 2 ran run VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 like like ADP _ 5 gazelle case 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 gazelle det 5 gazelle gazelle NOUN Number=Sing 2 ran obl 6 on on ADP _ 8 day case 7 sports sport NOUN Number=Plur 8 day compound 8 day day NOUN Number=Sing 2 ran obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 ran punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 run past She day like a gazelle vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 6 The gazelle leapt high into the air to warn the herd.
det nsubj advmod case det obl mark advcl det obj punct root The DET gazelle NOUN leapt VERB high ADV into ADP the DET air NOUN to PART warn VERB the DET herd NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 gazelle det 2 gazelle gazelle NOUN Number=Sing 3 leapt nsubj 3 leapt leapt VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 high high ADV Degree=Pos 3 leapt advmod 5 into into ADP _ 7 air case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 air det 7 air air NOUN Number=Sing 3 leapt obl 8 to to PART _ 9 warn mark 9 warn warn VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 leapt advcl 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 herd det 11 herd herd NOUN Number=Sing 9 warn obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 leapt punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 leapt present the gazelle the air high property tree rules 2 warn speech: warn to-infinitive the gazelle not said here the herd vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent herd=Recipient
Example 7 The gazelle kept silence for a few moments.
det nsubj obj case det amod obl punct root The DET gazelle NOUN kept VERB silence NOUN for ADP a DET few ADJ moments NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 gazelle det 2 gazelle gazelle NOUN Number=Sing 3 kept nsubj 3 kept keep VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 silence silence NOUN Number=Sing 3 kept obj 5 for for ADP _ 8 moments case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 moments det 7 few few ADJ Degree=Pos 8 moments amod 8 moments moment NOUN Number=Plur 3 kept obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 kept punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 keep past the gazelle silence moment vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent silence=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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