generalisation Who acts: generalisation, sweeping generalisation, boys, rule, It, cats · What happens: be, base, hate, read, work, say · To what, where: statement, examples, one, rule, numbers, generalisation · Speech: someone speaks here
«generalisation» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 5 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: generalisation in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A generalisation is a statement about all or most things of a kind, based on some examples.
The tree, 17 words det nsubj cop det case nmod cc amod conj case det nmod punct acl case det obl punct root A DET generalisation NOUN is AUX a DET statement NOUN about ADP all DET or CCONJ most ADJ things NOUN of ADP a DET kind NOUN , PUNCT based VERB on ADP some DET examples NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 generalisation det 2 generalisation generalisation NOUN Number=Sing 5 statement nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 statement cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 statement det 5 statement statement NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 about about ADP _ 7 all case 7 all all DET PronType=Tot 5 statement nmod 8 or or CCONJ _ 10 things cc 9 most most ADJ Degree=Sup 10 things amod 10 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 5 statement conj 11 of of ADP _ 13 kind case 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 kind det 13 kind kind NOUN Number=Sing 10 things nmod 14 , , PUNCT _ 15 based punct 15 based base VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 statement acl 16 on on ADP _ 18 examples case 17 some some DET PronType=Ind 18 examples det 18 examples example NOUN Number=Plur 15 based obl 19 . . PUNCT _ 5 statement punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a generalisation a statement or most things of a kind about all tree rules 2 base participle a statement or most things of a kind not said here some examples vn base-97.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent on example=Source
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A sweeping generalisation is one that is too broad and unfair, like «all boys hate reading».
The tree, 16 words det amod nsubj cop nsubj cop advmod acl:relcl cc conj punct mark punct det nsubj parataxis xcomp punct punct root A DET sweeping ADJ generalisation NOUN is AUX one NUM that PRON is AUX too ADV broad ADJ and CCONJ unfair ADJ , PUNCT like SCONJ « PUNCT all DET boys NOUN hate VERB reading VERB » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 generalisation det 2 sweeping sweeping ADJ Degree=Pos 3 generalisation amod 3 generalisation generalisation NOUN Number=Sing 5 one nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 one cop 5 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card root root 6 that that PRON PronType=Rel 9 broad nsubj 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 broad cop 8 too too ADV _ 9 broad advmod 9 broad broad ADJ Degree=Pos 5 one acl:relcl 10 and and CCONJ _ 11 unfair cc 11 unfair unfair ADJ Degree=Pos 9 broad conj 12 , , PUNCT _ 17 hate punct 13 like like SCONJ _ 17 hate mark 14 « « PUNCT _ 17 hate punct 15 all all DET PronType=Tot 16 boys det 16 boys boy NOUN Number=Plur 17 hate nsubj 17 hate hate VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 one parataxis 18 reading read VERB VerbForm=Ger 17 hate xcomp 19 » » PUNCT _ 17 hate punct 20 . . PUNCT _ 5 one punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a sweeping generalisation one tree rules 2 is present broad property tree rules 3 be tree rules 4 hate in a quote present all boys vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus 5 read not said to happen, in a quote gerund all boys not said here vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Meaning 3 Usage: maths — kept apart, not parsed.
A generalisation is a rule that works for all cases, like «the sum of two even numbers is always even».
The tree, 20 words det nsubj cop det nsubj acl:relcl case det obl punct case punct det acl:relcl case nmod advmod obl cop advmod parataxis punct punct root A DET generalisation NOUN is AUX a DET rule NOUN that PRON works VERB for ADP all DET cases NOUN , PUNCT like ADP « PUNCT the DET sum NOUN of ADP two NUM even ADV numbers NOUN is AUX always ADV even ADV » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 generalisation det 2 generalisation generalisation NOUN Number=Sing 5 rule nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 rule cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 rule det 5 rule rule NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 that that PRON PronType=Rel 7 works nsubj 7 works work VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 rule acl:relcl 8 for for ADP _ 10 cases case 9 all all DET PronType=Tot 10 cases det 10 cases case NOUN Number=Plur 7 works obl 11 , , PUNCT _ 15 sum punct 12 like like ADP _ 15 sum case 13 « « PUNCT _ 15 sum punct 14 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 15 sum det 15 sum sum NOUN Number=Sing 10 cases acl:relcl 16 of of ADP _ 17 two case 17 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 15 sum nmod 18 even even ADV _ 19 numbers advmod 19 numbers number NOUN Number=Plur 7 works obl 20 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 22 even cop 21 always always ADV PronType=Tot 22 even advmod 22 even even ADV _ 5 rule parataxis 23 » » PUNCT _ 22 even punct 24 . . PUNCT _ 5 rule punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a generalisation a rule tree rules 2 work present a rule numbers for all cases vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent for case=Beneficiary 3 is in a quote present always, even property tree rules
Example 1 It is a generalisation to say that all cats hate water.
nsubj cop det mark acl mark det nsubj ccomp obj punct root It PRON is AUX a DET generalisation NOUN to PART say VERB that SCONJ all DET cats NOUN hate VERB water NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 generalisation nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 generalisation cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 generalisation det 4 generalisation generalisation NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 to to PART _ 6 say mark 6 say say VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 generalisation acl 7 that that SCONJ _ 10 hate mark 8 all all DET PronType=Tot 9 cats det 9 cats cat NOUN Number=Plur 10 hate nsubj 10 hate hate VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 say ccomp 11 water water NOUN Number=Sing 10 hate obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 4 generalisation punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present It a generalisation tree rules 2 say speech: assert to-infinitive vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 hate present all cats water vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer water=Stimulus
Example 2 From the pattern we made a generalisation: odd plus odd is even.
case det obl nsubj det obj punct advcl cc conj cop advmod punct root From ADP the DET pattern NOUN we PRON made VERB a DET generalisation NOUN : PUNCT odd ADJ plus CCONJ odd ADJ is AUX even ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 From from ADP _ 3 pattern case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 pattern det 3 pattern pattern NOUN Number=Sing 5 made obl 4 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 5 made nsubj 5 made make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 generalisation det 7 generalisation generalisation NOUN Number=Sing 5 made obj 8 : : PUNCT _ 9 odd punct 9 odd odd ADJ Degree=Pos 13 even advcl 10 plus plus CCONJ _ 11 odd cc 11 odd odd ADJ Degree=Pos 9 odd conj 12 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 even cop 13 even even ADV _ 5 made advmod 14 . . PUNCT _ 5 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make past we a generalisation the pattern vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP.product PP.material»: agent=Agent generalisation=Product from pattern=Material 2 is present even property tree rules
Example 3 Be careful with generalisations about people.
cop case obl case nmod punct root Be AUX careful ADJ with ADP generalisations NOUN about ADP people NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 2 careful cop 2 careful careful ADJ Degree=Pos root root 3 with with ADP _ 4 generalisations case 4 generalisations generalisation NOUN Number=Plur 2 careful obl 5 about about ADP _ 6 people case 6 people people NOUN Number=Plur 4 generalisations nmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 careful punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is imperative you not said here with generalisations about people; careful property tree rules
Example 4 Scientists test a generalisation with more experiments.
nsubj det obj case amod obl punct root Scientists NOUN test VERB a DET generalisation NOUN with ADP more ADJ experiments NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Scientists scientist NOUN Number=Plur 2 test nsubj 2 test test VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 generalisation det 4 generalisation generalisation NOUN Number=Sing 2 test obj 5 with with ADP _ 7 experiments case 6 more more ADJ Degree=Cmp 7 experiments amod 7 experiments experiment NOUN Number=Plur 2 test obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 test punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 test present Scientists a generalisation with more experiments vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent generalisation=Theme
Example 5 «Everyone loves pizza» is a generalisation.
punct nsubj compound obj punct cop det punct root « PUNCT Everyone PRON loves VERB pizza NOUN » PUNCT is AUX a DET generalisation NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 3 loves punct 2 Everyone everyone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Tot 3 loves nsubj 3 loves love VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 generalisation compound 4 pizza pizza NOUN Number=Sing 3 loves obj 5 » » PUNCT _ 3 loves punct 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 generalisation cop 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 generalisation det 8 generalisation generalisation NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 . . PUNCT _ 8 generalisation punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 love in a quote present Everyone pizza vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer pizza=Stimulus 2 is a present a loves generalisation tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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