gigantism Who acts: child, gland, that, Robert, much growth hormone, Doctors · What happens: grow, make, be, record, have, cause · To what, where: rare condition, much growth hormone, size, tallest man, gigantism, example
«gigantism» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: gigantism in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Usage: medicine — kept apart, not parsed.
A rare condition in which a child grows far taller than usual, usually because a gland in the brain makes too much growth hormone.
The tree, 24 words det amod case obl det nsubj parataxis advmod xcomp case obl punct advmod mark det nsubj case det nmod conj advmod amod compound obj punct root A DET rare ADJ condition NOUN in ADP which PRON a DET child NOUN grows VERB far ADV taller ADJ than ADP usual ADJ , PUNCT usually ADV because SCONJ a DET gland NOUN in ADP the DET brain NOUN makes VERB too ADV much ADJ growth NOUN hormone NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 condition det 2 rare rare ADJ Degree=Pos 3 condition amod 3 condition condition NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 in in ADP _ 5 which case 5 which which PRON PronType=Rel 8 grows obl 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 child det 7 child child NOUN Number=Sing 8 grows nsubj 8 grows grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 condition parataxis 9 far far ADV Degree=Pos 10 taller advmod 10 taller tall ADJ Degree=Cmp 8 grows xcomp 11 than than ADP _ 12 usual case 12 usual usual ADJ Degree=Pos 10 taller obl 13 , , PUNCT _ 21 makes punct 14 usually usually ADV _ 21 makes advmod 15 because because SCONJ _ 21 makes mark 16 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 17 gland det 17 gland gland NOUN Number=Sing 21 makes nsubj 18 in in ADP _ 20 brain case 19 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 20 brain det 20 brain brain NOUN Number=Sing 17 gland nmod 21 makes make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 grows conj 22 too too ADV _ 23 much advmod 23 much much ADJ Degree=Pos 25 hormone amod 24 growth growth NOUN Number=Sing 25 hormone compound 25 hormone hormone NOUN Number=Sing 21 makes obj 26 . . PUNCT _ 3 condition punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grow present a child a rare condition tall property vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in which=Location 2 make present a gland in the brain much growth hormone usually property vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset hormone=Product
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Being very large in size, for example animals or plants that are much bigger than their relatives (island gigantism).
The tree, 19 words cop advmod case obl punct case nmod conj cc conj nsubj cop advmod parataxis case nmod:poss obl punct compound appos punct punct root Being AUX very ADV large ADJ in ADP size NOUN , PUNCT for ADP example NOUN animals NOUN or CCONJ plants NOUN that PRON are AUX much ADV bigger ADJ than ADP their PRON relatives NOUN ( PUNCT island NOUN gigantism NOUN ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Being be AUX Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 3 large cop 2 very very ADV _ 3 large advmod 3 large large ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 in in ADP _ 5 size case 5 size size NOUN Number=Sing 3 large obl 6 , , PUNCT _ 9 animals punct 7 for for ADP _ 9 animals case 8 example example NOUN Number=Sing 9 animals nmod 9 animals animal NOUN Number=Plur 3 large conj 10 or or CCONJ _ 11 plants cc 11 plants plant NOUN Number=Plur 9 animals conj 12 that that PRON PronType=Rel 15 bigger nsubj 13 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 15 bigger cop 14 much much ADV _ 15 bigger advmod 15 bigger big ADJ Degree=Cmp 9 animals parataxis 16 than than ADP _ 18 relatives case 17 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 18 relatives nmod:poss 18 relatives relative NOUN Number=Plur 15 bigger obl 19 ( ( PUNCT _ 21 gigantism punct 20 island island NOUN Number=Sing 21 gigantism compound 21 gigantism gigantism NOUN Number=Sing 18 relatives appos 22 ) ) PUNCT _ 21 gigantism punct 23 . . PUNCT _ 3 large punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is gerund size large property tree rules 2 is present that than plants's relatives; big property tree rules
Example 1 Robert Wadlow, the tallest man ever recorded, had gigantism.
nsubj flat punct det amod appos advmod acl punct obj punct root Robert PROPN Wadlow PROPN , PUNCT the DET tallest ADJ man NOUN ever ADV recorded VERB , PUNCT had VERB gigantism NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Robert Robert PROPN Number=Sing 10 had nsubj 2 Wadlow Wadlow PROPN Number=Sing 1 Robert flat 3 , , PUNCT _ 6 man punct 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 man det 5 tallest tall ADJ Degree=Sup 6 man amod 6 man man NOUN Number=Sing 1 Robert appos 7 ever ever ADV PronType=Ind 8 recorded advmod 8 recorded record VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 man acl 9 , , PUNCT _ 1 Robert punct 10 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 11 gigantism gigantism NOUN Number=Sing 10 had obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 10 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 record participle the tallest man not said here ever vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 have past Robert gigantism vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gigantism=Patient
Example 2 Gigantism is caused by too much growth hormone in childhood.
nsubj:pass aux:pass case advmod amod compound obl case nmod punct root Gigantism NOUN is AUX caused VERB by ADP too ADV much ADJ growth NOUN hormone NOUN in ADP childhood NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Gigantism gigantism NOUN Number=Sing 3 caused nsubj:pass 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 caused aux:pass 3 caused cause VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 by by ADP _ 8 hormone case 5 too too ADV _ 6 much advmod 6 much much ADJ Degree=Pos 8 hormone amod 7 growth growth NOUN Number=Sing 8 hormone compound 8 hormone hormone NOUN Number=Sing 3 caused obl 9 in in ADP _ 10 childhood case 10 childhood childhood NOUN Number=Sing 8 hormone nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 caused punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cause present · passive much growth hormone in childhood Gigantism vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition subject=Patient
Example 3 Doctors can treat gigantism if they find it early.
nsubj aux obj mark nsubj advcl obj advmod punct root Doctors NOUN can AUX treat VERB gigantism NOUN if SCONJ they PRON find VERB it PRON early ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Doctors doctor NOUN Number=Plur 3 treat nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 treat aux 3 treat treat VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 gigantism gigantism NOUN Number=Sing 3 treat obj 5 if if SCONJ _ 7 find mark 6 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 find nsubj 7 find find VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 treat advcl 8 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 find obj 9 early early ADV Degree=Pos 7 find advmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 treat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 treat can Doctors gigantism vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent gigantism=Recipient 2 find a condition, not said to happen present Doctors = doctor gigantism early property vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Topic
Example 4 The giant tortoises of the Galapagos are an example of island gigantism.
det amod nsubj case det nmod cop det case compound nmod punct root The DET giant ADJ tortoises NOUN of ADP the DET Galapagos PROPN are AUX an DET example NOUN of ADP island NOUN gigantism NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 tortoises det 2 giant giant ADJ Degree=Pos 3 tortoises amod 3 tortoises tortoise NOUN Number=Plur 9 example nsubj 4 of of ADP _ 6 Galapagos case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 Galapagos det 6 Galapagos Galapago PROPN Number=Plur 3 tortoises nmod 7 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 example cop 8 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 example det 9 example example NOUN Number=Sing root root 10 of of ADP _ 12 gigantism case 11 island island NOUN Number=Sing 12 gigantism compound 12 gigantism gigantism NOUN Number=Sing 9 example nmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 9 example punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the giant tortoises of the Galapagos a example of island gigantism tree rules
Example 5 Some dinosaurs show a kind of gigantism.
det nsubj det obj case nmod punct root Some DET dinosaurs NOUN show VERB a DET kind NOUN of ADP gigantism NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Some some DET PronType=Ind 2 dinosaurs det 2 dinosaurs dinosaur NOUN Number=Plur 3 show nsubj 3 show show VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 kind det 5 kind kind NOUN Number=Sing 3 show obj 6 of of ADP _ 7 gigantism case 7 gigantism gigantism NOUN Number=Sing 5 kind nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 show punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 show present some dinosaurs a kind of gigantism vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent kind=Recipient
Example 6 The giant weta of New Zealand is a famous case of gigantism in insects.
The tree, 14 words det amod nsubj case flat nmod cop det amod case nmod case nmod punct root The DET giant ADJ weta NOUN of ADP New PROPN Zealand PROPN is AUX a DET famous ADJ case NOUN of ADP gigantism NOUN in ADP insects NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 weta det 2 giant giant ADJ Degree=Pos 3 weta amod 3 weta weta NOUN Number=Sing 10 case nsubj 4 of of ADP _ 6 Zealand case 5 New New PROPN Number=Sing 6 Zealand flat 6 Zealand Zealand PROPN Number=Sing 3 weta nmod 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 case cop 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 case det 9 famous famous ADJ Degree=Pos 10 case amod 10 case case NOUN Number=Sing root root 11 of of ADP _ 12 gigantism case 12 gigantism gigantism NOUN Number=Sing 10 case nmod 13 in in ADP _ 14 insects case 14 insects insect NOUN Number=Plur 12 gigantism nmod 15 . . PUNCT _ 10 case punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the giant weta of New Zealand a famous case of gigantism in insects tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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