greenfly Who acts: greenfly, that, Ladybirds, We, single ladybird, Ants · What happens: be, suck, damage, cover, eat, spray · To what, where: tiny green insect, sap, plants, roses, greenfly, dozens
«greenfly» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: greenfly in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A greenfly is a tiny green insect, a kind of aphid, that sucks sap from plants and can damage them.
The tree, 20 words det nsubj cop det amod amod punct det appos case nmod punct nsubj parataxis obj case obl cc aux conj obj punct root A DET greenfly NOUN is AUX a DET tiny ADJ green ADJ insect NOUN , PUNCT a DET kind NOUN of ADP aphid NOUN , PUNCT that PRON sucks VERB sap NOUN from ADP plants NOUN and CCONJ can AUX damage VERB them PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 greenfly det 2 greenfly greenfly NOUN Number=Sing 7 insect nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 insect cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 insect det 5 tiny tiny ADJ Degree=Pos 7 insect amod 6 green green ADJ Degree=Pos 7 insect amod 7 insect insect NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 , , PUNCT _ 10 kind punct 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 kind det 10 kind kind NOUN Number=Sing 7 insect appos 11 of of ADP _ 12 aphid case 12 aphid aphid NOUN Number=Sing 10 kind nmod 13 , , PUNCT _ 15 sucks punct 14 that that PRON PronType=Rel 15 sucks nsubj 15 sucks suck VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 insect parataxis 16 sap SAP NOUN Number=Sing 15 sucks obj 17 from from ADP _ 18 plants case 18 plants plant NOUN Number=Plur 15 sucks obl 19 and and CCONJ _ 21 damage cc 20 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 21 damage aux 21 damage damage VERB VerbForm=Inf 15 sucks conj 22 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 21 damage obj 23 . . PUNCT _ 7 insect punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a greenfly a tiny green insect tree rules 2 suck present that sap plants vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent sap=Theme from plant=Source 3 damage can that not said here plants = plant vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Example 1 The roses are covered in greenfly.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl punct root The DET roses NOUN are AUX covered VERB in ADP greenfly NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 roses det 2 roses rose NOUN Number=Plur 4 covered nsubj:pass 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 covered aux:pass 4 covered cover VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 in in ADP _ 6 greenfly case 6 greenfly greenfly NOUN Number=Sing 4 covered obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 covered punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cover present · passive the roses in greenfly vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination in greenfly=Theme
Example 2 Ladybirds eat greenfly.
nsubj obj punct root Ladybirds NOUN eat VERB greenfly NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Ladybirds ladybird NOUN Number=Plur 2 eat nsubj 2 eat eat VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 greenfly greenfly NOUN Number=Sing 2 eat obj 4 . . PUNCT _ 2 eat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 eat present Ladybirds greenfly vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent greenfly=Patient
Example 3 Greenfly suck the sap from plants.
nsubj det obj case obl punct root Greenfly PROPN suck VERB the DET sap NOUN from ADP plants NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Greenfly Greenfly PROPN Number=Sing 2 suck nsubj 2 suck suck VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 sap det 4 sap SAP NOUN Number=Sing 2 suck obj 5 from from ADP _ 6 plants case 6 plants plant NOUN Number=Plur 2 suck obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 suck punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 suck infinitive Greenfly the sap plants vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent sap=Theme from plant=Source
Example 4 We sprayed the plants with soapy water to get rid of the greenfly.
nsubj det obj case amod obl mark advcl xcomp case det obl punct root We PRON sprayed VERB the DET plants NOUN with ADP soapy ADJ water NOUN to PART get VERB rid ADJ of ADP the DET greenfly NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 sprayed nsubj 2 sprayed spray VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 plants det 4 plants plant NOUN Number=Plur 2 sprayed obj 5 with with ADP _ 7 water case 6 soapy soapy ADJ Degree=Pos 7 water amod 7 water water NOUN Number=Sing 2 sprayed obl 8 to to PART _ 9 get mark 9 get get VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 sprayed advcl 10 rid rid ADJ Degree=Pos 9 get xcomp 11 of of ADP _ 13 greenfly case 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 greenfly det 13 greenfly greenfly NOUN Number=Sing 10 rid obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 2 sprayed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 spray past We the plants with soapy water vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: agent=Agent plant=Destination with water=Theme 2 get to-infinitive We not said here rid property vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer
Example 5 A single ladybird can eat dozens of greenfly a day.
det amod nsubj aux obj case nmod det obl:unmarked punct root A DET single ADJ ladybird NOUN can AUX eat VERB dozens NOUN of ADP greenfly NOUN a DET day NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 ladybird det 2 single single ADJ Degree=Pos 3 ladybird amod 3 ladybird ladybird NOUN Number=Sing 5 eat nsubj 4 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 eat aux 5 eat eat VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 dozens dozen NOUN Number=Plur 5 eat obj 7 of of ADP _ 8 greenfly case 8 greenfly greenfly NOUN Number=Sing 6 dozens nmod 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 day det 10 day day NOUN Number=Sing 5 eat obl:unmarked 11 . . PUNCT _ 5 eat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 eat can a single ladybird dozens of greenfly day vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dozen=Patient
Example 6 Ants were collecting honeydew from the greenfly.
nsubj aux obj case det obl punct root Ants NOUN were AUX collecting VERB honeydew NOUN from ADP the DET greenfly NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Ants ant NOUN Number=Plur 3 collecting nsubj 2 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 collecting aux 3 collecting collect VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 honeydew honeydew NOUN Number=Sing 3 collecting obj 5 from from ADP _ 7 greenfly case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 greenfly det 7 greenfly greenfly NOUN Number=Sing 3 collecting obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 collecting punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 collect past · progressive Ants honeydew the greenfly vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent honeydew=Theme from greenfly=Source
Example 7 Greenfly cluster on the new shoots.
compound case det amod nmod punct root Greenfly NOUN cluster NOUN on ADP the DET new ADJ shoots NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Greenfly greenfly NOUN Number=Sing 2 cluster compound 2 cluster cluster NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 on on ADP _ 6 shoots case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 shoots det 5 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 6 shoots amod 6 shoots shoot NOUN Number=Plur 2 cluster nmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 cluster punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 8 The greenfly made the leaves curl up.
det nsubj det nsubj ccomp compound:prt punct root The DET greenfly NOUN made VERB the DET leaves NOUN curl VERB up ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 greenfly det 2 greenfly greenfly NOUN Number=Sing 3 made nsubj 3 made make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 leaves det 5 leaves leaf NOUN Number=Plur 6 curl nsubj 6 curl curl VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 made ccomp 7 up up ADP _ 6 curl compound:prt 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make past the greenfly tree rules 2 curl up present the leaves vn coil-9.6-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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