handkerchief Who acts: small square, you, Grandma, Walrus, She, train · What happens: carry, wipe, wear, use, sneeze, have · To what, where: pocket, nose, square, neck, handkerchief, handkerchiefs
«handkerchief» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: handkerchief in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A small square of cloth (or paper) you carry in your pocket to wipe your nose, eyes or face.
The tree, 19 words det amod nsubj case nmod punct cc appos punct nsubj case nmod:poss obl mark advcl nmod:poss obj punct conj cc conj punct root A DET small ADJ square NOUN of ADP cloth NOUN ( PUNCT or CCONJ paper NOUN ) PUNCT you PRON carry VERB in ADP your PRON pocket NOUN to PART wipe VERB your PRON nose NOUN , PUNCT eyes NOUN or CCONJ face NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 square det 2 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 3 square amod 3 square square NOUN Number=Sing 11 carry nsubj 4 of of ADP _ 5 cloth case 5 cloth cloth NOUN Number=Sing 3 square nmod 6 ( ( PUNCT _ 8 paper punct 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 paper cc 8 paper paper NOUN Number=Sing 3 square appos 9 ) ) PUNCT _ 8 paper punct 10 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 11 carry nsubj 11 carry carry VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 12 in in ADP _ 14 pocket case 13 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 14 pocket nmod:poss 14 pocket pocket NOUN Number=Sing 11 carry obl 15 to to PART _ 16 wipe mark 16 wipe wipe VERB VerbForm=Inf 11 carry advcl 17 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 18 nose nmod:poss 18 nose nose NOUN Number=Sing 16 wipe obj 19 , , PUNCT _ 20 eyes punct 20 eyes eye NOUN Number=Plur 18 nose conj 21 or or CCONJ _ 22 face cc 22 face face NOUN Number=Sing 18 nose conj 23 . . PUNCT _ 11 carry punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 carry present a small square of cloth your pocket vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in pocket=Location 2 wipe to-infinitive a small square of cloth not said here your nose and eyes or face vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent nose=Source
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A square of cloth worn around the neck or head, like a scarf.
The tree, 13 words det nsubj:pass case nmod case det obl cc conj punct case det obl punct root A DET square NOUN of ADP cloth NOUN worn VERB around ADP the DET neck NOUN or CCONJ head NOUN , PUNCT like ADP a DET scarf NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 square det 2 square square NOUN Number=Sing 5 worn nsubj:pass 3 of of ADP _ 4 cloth case 4 cloth cloth NOUN Number=Sing 2 square nmod 5 worn wear VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 around around ADP _ 8 neck case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 neck det 8 neck neck NOUN Number=Sing 5 worn obl 9 or or CCONJ _ 10 head cc 10 head head NOUN Number=Sing 8 neck conj 11 , , PUNCT _ 14 scarf punct 12 like like ADP _ 14 scarf case 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 scarf det 14 scarf scarf NOUN Number=Sing 5 worn obl 15 . . PUNCT _ 5 worn punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wear participle · passive a square of cloth the neck or head like a scarf vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: subject=Source
Example 1 Use a handkerchief when you sneeze.
det obj advmod nsubj advcl punct root Use VERB a DET handkerchief NOUN when ADV you PRON sneeze VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Use use VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 handkerchief det 3 handkerchief handkerchief NOUN Number=Sing 1 Use obj 4 when when ADV PronType=Int 6 sneeze advmod 5 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 6 sneeze nsubj 6 sneeze sneeze VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 Use advcl 7 . . PUNCT _ 1 Use punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use imperative you not said here a handkerchief vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent handkerchief=Patient 2 sneeze present you vn hiccup-40.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 2 Grandma has handkerchiefs with her initials sewn in the corner.
nsubj obj case nmod:poss nmod acl case det obl punct root Grandma NOUN has VERB handkerchiefs NOUN with ADP her PRON initials NOUN sewn VERB in ADP the DET corner NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Grandma grandma NOUN Number=Sing 2 has nsubj 2 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 handkerchiefs handkerchief NOUN Number=Plur 2 has obj 4 with with ADP _ 6 initials case 5 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 initials nmod:poss 6 initials initial NOUN Number=Plur 3 handkerchiefs nmod 7 sewn sew VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 initials acl 8 in in ADP _ 10 corner case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 corner det 10 corner corner NOUN Number=Sing 7 sewn obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present Grandma handkerchiefs with Grandma's initials vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent handkerchief=Patient 2 sew participle Grandma's initials not said here the corner vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme in corner=Destination 3 initial Grandma nom initial «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Example 3 The Walrus held his pocket-handkerchief before his streaming eyes.
det nsubj nmod:poss compound punct obj case nmod:poss compound obl punct root The DET Walrus PROPN held VERB his PRON pocket NOUN - PUNCT handkerchief NOUN before ADP his PRON streaming NOUN eyes NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 Walrus det 2 Walrus Walrus PROPN Number=Sing 3 held nsubj 3 held hold VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 handkerchief nmod:poss 5 pocket pocket NOUN Number=Sing 7 handkerchief compound 6 - - PUNCT _ 5 pocket punct 7 handkerchief handkerchief NOUN Number=Sing 3 held obj 8 before before ADP _ 11 eyes case 9 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 11 eyes nmod:poss 10 streaming streaming NOUN Number=Sing 11 eyes compound 11 eyes eye NOUN Number=Plur 3 held obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 held punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hold past the Walrus Walrus's pocket handkerchief Walrus's streaming eyes vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent handkerchief=Theme before eye=Location
Example 4 She waved her handkerchief as the train left.
nsubj nmod:poss obj mark det nsubj advcl punct root She PRON waved VERB her PRON handkerchief NOUN as SCONJ the DET train NOUN left VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 waved nsubj 2 waved wave VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 handkerchief nmod:poss 4 handkerchief handkerchief NOUN Number=Sing 2 waved obj 5 as as SCONJ _ 8 left mark 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 train det 7 train train NOUN Number=Sing 8 left nsubj 8 left leave VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 waved advcl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 waved punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wave past She her handkerchief vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent handkerchief=Patient 2 leave past the train vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 5 He wrapped the conkers in a handkerchief.
nsubj det obj case det obl punct root He PRON wrapped VERB the DET conkers NOUN in ADP a DET handkerchief NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 wrapped nsubj 2 wrapped wrap VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 conkers det 4 conkers conker NOUN Number=Plur 2 wrapped obj 5 in in ADP _ 7 handkerchief case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 handkerchief det 7 handkerchief handkerchief NOUN Number=Sing 2 wrapped obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 wrapped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wrap past He the conkers a handkerchief vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent conker=Theme in handkerchief=Destination
Example 6 Can I borrow a tissue? I forgot my handkerchief.
Sentence 1: Can I borrow a tissue?
aux nsubj det obj punct root Can AUX I PRON borrow VERB a DET tissue NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 borrow aux 2 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 borrow nsubj 3 borrow borrow VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 tissue det 5 tissue tissue NOUN Number=Sing 3 borrow obj 6 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 borrow punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 borrow can I a tissue vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tissue=Theme
Sentence 2: I forgot my handkerchief.
nsubj nmod:poss obj punct root I PRON forgot VERB my PRON handkerchief NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 forgot nsubj 2 forgot forget VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 handkerchief nmod:poss 4 handkerchief handkerchief NOUN Number=Sing 2 forgot obj 5 . . PUNCT _ 2 forgot punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 forget past I my handkerchief tree rules
Example 7 The pirate wore a red handkerchief on his head.
det nsubj det amod obj case nmod:poss obl punct root The DET pirate NOUN wore VERB a DET red ADJ handkerchief NOUN on ADP his PRON head NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 pirate det 2 pirate pirate NOUN Number=Sing 3 wore nsubj 3 wore wear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 handkerchief det 5 red red ADJ Degree=Pos 6 handkerchief amod 6 handkerchief handkerchief NOUN Number=Sing 3 wore obj 7 on on ADP _ 9 head case 8 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 head nmod:poss 9 head head NOUN Number=Sing 3 wore obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 wore punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wear past the pirate a red handkerchief pirate's head vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent handkerchief=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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