harshness

Who acts: harshness, She, her · What happens: be, live in, make, shock, adapt, hurt · To what, where: life, We, little boy cry, Camels, harshness, eyes · Speech: someone speaks here

«harshness» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: harshness in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Being unkind, strict or cruel: the harshness of the punishment.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 unkind	cop
2	unkind	unkind	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 harshness	csubj
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 strict	punct
4	strict	strict	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 unkind	conj
5	or	or	CCONJ	_	6 cruel	cc
6	cruel	cruel	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 unkind	conj
7	:	:	PUNCT	_	9 harshness	punct
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 harshness	det
9	harshness	harshness	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
10	of	of	ADP	_	12 punishment	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 punishment	det
12	punishment	punishment	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 harshness	nmod
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 harshness	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	other	roles by
1	is	gerund	unkind property	tree rules
2	be			tree rules
3	be			tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Being rough and unpleasant to the senses: the harshness of a sound, a light or a taste.

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 rough	cop
2	rough	rough	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 unpleasant	cc
4	unpleasant	unpleasant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 rough	conj
5	to	to	ADP	_	7 senses	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 senses	det
7	senses	sens	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 unpleasant	obl
8	:	:	PUNCT	_	10 harshness	punct
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 harshness	det
10	harshness	harshness	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 senses	appos
11	of	of	ADP	_	13 sound	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 sound	det
13	sound	sound	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 harshness	nmod
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 light	punct
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 light	det
16	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 harshness	conj
17	or	or	CCONJ	_	19 taste	cc
18	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	19 taste	det
19	taste	taste	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 harshness	conj
20	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 rough	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	gerund						rough property	tree rules
2	be							to the senses	tree rules

Meaning 3

Being very difficult to live in: the harshness of the desert or the Arctic winter.

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 difficult	cop
2	very	very	ADV	_	3 difficult	advmod
3	difficult	difficult	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 live	mark
5	live	live	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 difficult	xcomp
6	in	in	ADP	_	5 live	obl
7	:	:	PUNCT	_	9 harshness	punct
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 harshness	det
9	harshness	harshness	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 difficult	conj
10	of	of	ADP	_	12 desert	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 desert	det
12	desert	desert	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 harshness	nmod
13	or	or	CCONJ	_	16 winter	cc
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 winter	det
15	Arctic	arctic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 winter	amod
16	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 desert	conj
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 difficult	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	gerund						difficult property	tree rules
2	live in	to-infinitive							vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Example 1

The harshness of the Arctic winter makes life hard for animals.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 harshness	det
2	harshness	harshness	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 makes	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	6 winter	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 winter	det
5	Arctic	Arctic	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 winter	compound
6	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 harshness	nmod
7	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	life	life	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 makes	obj
9	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 makes	xcomp
10	for	for	ADP	_	11 animals	case
11	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 hard	obl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 makes	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	the harshness of the Arctic winter	life				hard property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset life=Product

Example 2

We were shocked by the harshness of the punishment.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	3 shocked	nsubj
2	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 shocked	aux:pass
3	shocked	shock	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	6 harshness	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 harshness	det
6	harshness	harshness	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 shocked	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 punishment	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 punishment	det
9	punishment	punishment	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 harshness	nmod
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 shocked	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	shock	past · passive	the harshness of the punishment	We					vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus subject=Experiencer

Example 3

The harshness in his voice made the little boy cry.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 harshness	det
2	harshness	harshness	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 made	nsubj
3	in	in	ADP	_	5 voice	case
4	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 voice	nmod:poss
5	voice	voice	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 harshness	nmod
6	made	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 cry	det
8	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 cry	amod
9	boy	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 cry	compound
10	cry	cry	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 made	obj
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 made	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	past	the harshness in harshness's voice	the little boy cry					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset cry=Product

Example 4

Camels are adapted to the harshness of the desert.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Camels	camel	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 adapted	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 adapted	aux:pass
3	adapted	adapt	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	to	to	ADP	_	6 harshness	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 harshness	det
6	harshness	harshness	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 adapted	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 desert	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 desert	det
9	desert	desert	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 harshness	nmod
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 adapted	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	adapt	present · passive		Camels				to the harshness of the desert goal	vn adjust-26.9 «NP V NP PP»: subject=Patient to harshness=Goal

Example 5

The bright light's harshness hurt my eyes.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 light	det
2	bright	bright	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 light	amod
3	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 harshness	nmod:poss
4	's	's	PART	_	3 light	case
5	harshness	harshness	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 hurt	nsubj
6	hurt	hurt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 eyes	nmod:poss
8	eyes	eye	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 hurt	obj
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 hurt	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hurt	past	the bright light's harshness	my eyes					vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer eye=Patient

Example 6

She said sorry for the harshness of her words.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 said	nsubj
2	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	sorry	sorry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 said	xcomp
4	for	for	ADP	_	6 harshness	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 harshness	det
6	harshness	harshness	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 said	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 words	case
8	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 words	nmod:poss
9	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 harshness	nmod
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 said	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: apologize	past	She					for the harshness of her words; sorry property	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	word		her = she						nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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