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howl

Who acts: wolves, wind, baby, We, howl, pain · What happens: make, cry, blow, wail, laugh, howl · To what, where: long loud sad cry, pain, house, ice cream, toe · Speech: someone speaks here

«howl» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: howl in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Of a wolf or dog: to make a long, loud, sad cry.

The tree, 12 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Of	of	ADP	_	3 wolf	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 wolf	det
3	wolf	wolf	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 make	obl
4	or	or	CCONJ	_	5 dog	cc
5	dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 wolf	conj
6	:	:	PUNCT	_	8 make	punct
7	to	to	PART	_	8 make	mark
8	make	make	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 cry	det
10	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 cry	amod
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 long	punct
12	loud	loud	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 cry	amod
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 loud	punct
14	sad	sad	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 cry	amod
15	cry	cry	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 make	obj
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 make	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	to-infinitive		a long loud sad cry				of a wolf or dog	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset cry=Product

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Of a person: to cry loudly in pain, anger or sadness.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Of	of	ADP	_	3 person	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 person	det
3	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 cry	obl
4	:	:	PUNCT	_	6 cry	punct
5	to	to	PART	_	6 cry	mark
6	cry	cry	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	loudly	loudly	ADV	_	6 cry	advmod
8	in	in	ADP	_	9 pain	case
9	pain	pain	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 cry	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 anger	punct
11	anger	anger	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 pain	conj
12	or	or	CCONJ	_	13 sadness	cc
13	sadness	sadness	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 pain	conj
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 cry	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cry speech: express	to-infinitive				pain and anger or sadness		of a person; loudly property	vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in pain=Location

Meaning 3

Of the wind: to blow hard with a loud, wailing sound.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Of	of	ADP	_	3 wind	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 wind	det
3	wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 blow	obl
4	:	:	PUNCT	_	6 blow	punct
5	to	to	PART	_	6 blow	mark
6	blow	blow	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	hard	hard	ADV	Degree=Pos	6 blow	advmod
8	with	with	ADP	_	13 sound	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 sound	det
10	loud	loud	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 sound	amod
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 loud	punct
12	wailing	wail	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	13 sound	amod
13	sound	sound	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 blow	obl
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 blow	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	blow	to-infinitive						of the wind; with a loud wailing sound; hard property	vn split-23.2 «NP V PP.co-patient»: agent=Patient of wind=Co-Patient
2	wail	gerund							vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Meaning 4

To laugh very loudly: «howl with laughter».

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 laugh	mark
2	laugh	laugh	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	very	very	ADV	_	4 loudly	advmod
4	loudly	loudly	ADV	_	2 laugh	advmod
5	:	:	PUNCT	_	7 howl	punct
6	«	«	PUNCT	_	7 howl	punct
7	howl	howl	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	2 laugh	parataxis
8	with	with	ADP	_	9 laughter	case
9	laughter	laughter	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 howl	obl
10	»	»	PUNCT	_	7 howl	punct
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 laugh	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	laugh	to-infinitive						loudly property	tree rules
2	howl in a quote	infinitive						with laughter	vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with laughter=Theme

Meaning 5

Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.

A long, loud cry.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 cry	det
2	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 cry	amod
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 long	punct
4	loud	loud	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 cry	amod
5	cry	cry	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 cry	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 1

The wolves howled at the full moon.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 wolves	det
2	wolves	wolf	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 howled	nsubj
3	howled	howl	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	at	at	ADP	_	7 moon	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 moon	det
6	full	full	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 moon	amod
7	moon	moon	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 howled	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 howled	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	howl	past	the wolves					at the full moon	vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Agent at moon=Stimulus

Example 2

The wind howled around the house all night.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 wind	det
2	wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 howled	nsubj
3	howled	howl	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	around	around	ADP	_	6 house	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 house	det
6	house	house	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 howled	obl
7	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	8 night	det
8	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 howled	obl:unmarked
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 howled	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	howl	past	the wind			the house	night		vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme around house=Location

Example 3

The baby howled when she dropped her ice cream.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 baby	det
2	baby	baby	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 howled	nsubj
3	howled	howl	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	6 dropped	advmod
5	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 dropped	nsubj
6	dropped	drop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 howled	advcl
7	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 cream	nmod:poss
8	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 cream	compound
9	cream	cream	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 dropped	obj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 howled	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	howl	past	the baby						vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	drop	past	baby	baby's ice cream					vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cream=Theme

Example 4

We howled with laughter at the funny film.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 howled	nsubj
2	howled	howl	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	with	with	ADP	_	4 laughter	case
4	laughter	laughter	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 howled	obl
5	at	at	ADP	_	8 film	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 film	det
7	funny	funny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 film	amod
8	film	film	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 howled	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 howled	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	howl	past	We					with laughter; at the funny film	vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Agent at film=Stimulus

Example 5

There was a howl of pain when he stubbed his toe.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	There	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	2 was	expl
2	was	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 howl	det
4	howl	howl	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 was	nsubj
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 pain	case
6	pain	pain	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 howl	nmod
7	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	9 stubbed	advmod
8	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 stubbed	nsubj
9	stubbed	stub	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 was	advcl
10	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 toe	nmod:poss
11	toe	toe	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 stubbed	obj
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 was	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	be	past	a howl of pain			there			vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	stub	past	howl	howl's toe					vn hurt-40.8.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer toe=Patient
3	howl		pain						nom howl «communication intransitive»: of=agent

Example 6

Our dog howls whenever the fire engine goes past.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Our	our	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 dog	nmod:poss
2	dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 howls	nsubj
3	howls	howl	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	whenever	whenever	SCONJ	_	8 goes	mark
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 engine	det
6	fire	fire	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 engine	compound
7	engine	engine	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 goes	nsubj
8	goes	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 howls	advcl
9	past	past	ADV	_	8 goes	advmod
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 howls	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	howl	present	Our dog						vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	go past	present	the fire engine					past property	vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/H/howl/