idle Who acts: car, time, you, tractor, me, It · What happens: not work, not use, stand, not want, work, run · To what, where: machines, nothing, engine, shed, me, idle chatter · Speech: someone speaks here
«idle» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: idle in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Not working or not being used, as in «the machines stood idle».
The tree, 12 words advmod cc advmod aux:pass conj punct mark case punct det obl parataxis xcomp punct punct root Not PART working VERB or CCONJ not PART being AUX used VERB , PUNCT as SCONJ in ADP « PUNCT the DET machines NOUN stood VERB idle ADJ » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Not not PART Polarity=Neg 2 working advmod 2 working work VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 3 or or CCONJ _ 6 used cc 4 not not PART Polarity=Neg 6 used advmod 5 being be AUX Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 6 used aux:pass 6 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 working conj 7 , , PUNCT _ 13 stood punct 8 as as SCONJ _ 13 stood mark 9 in in ADP _ 12 machines case 10 « « PUNCT _ 12 machines punct 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 machines det 12 machines machine NOUN Number=Plur 13 stood obl 13 stood stand VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 used parataxis 14 idle idle ADJ Degree=Pos 13 stood xcomp 15 » » PUNCT _ 13 stood punct 16 . . PUNCT _ 2 working punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not work gerund vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 not use gerund · passive tree rules 3 stand in a quote past the machines idle property vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in machine=Location
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Lazy, not wanting to work.
punct advmod advcl mark xcomp punct root Lazy ADJ , PUNCT not PART wanting VERB to PART work VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Lazy lazy ADJ Degree=Pos root root 2 , , PUNCT _ 4 wanting punct 3 not not PART Polarity=Neg 4 wanting advmod 4 wanting want VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 1 Lazy advcl 5 to to PART _ 6 work mark 6 work work VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 wanting xcomp 7 . . PUNCT _ 1 Lazy punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not want gerund vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme 2 work not said to happen to-infinitive vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Meaning 3 Without a real reason or purpose, as in «idle chatter» or «an idle threat».
The tree, 14 words case det amod cc conj punct case case punct amod conj punct cc punct det amod conj punct punct root Without ADP a DET real ADJ reason NOUN or CCONJ purpose NOUN , PUNCT as ADP in ADP « PUNCT idle ADJ chatter NOUN » PUNCT or CCONJ « PUNCT an DET idle ADJ threat NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Without without ADP _ 4 reason case 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 reason det 3 real real ADJ Degree=Pos 4 reason amod 4 reason reason NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 or or CCONJ _ 6 purpose cc 6 purpose purpose NOUN Number=Sing 4 reason conj 7 , , PUNCT _ 12 chatter punct 8 as as ADP _ 12 chatter case 9 in in ADP _ 12 chatter case 10 « « PUNCT _ 12 chatter punct 11 idle idle ADJ Degree=Pos 12 chatter amod 12 chatter chatter NOUN Number=Sing 4 reason conj 13 » » PUNCT _ 12 chatter punct 14 or or CCONJ _ 18 threat cc 15 « « PUNCT _ 18 threat punct 16 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 18 threat det 17 idle idle ADJ Degree=Pos 18 threat amod 18 threat threat NOUN Number=Sing 12 chatter conj 19 » » PUNCT _ 18 threat punct 20 . . PUNCT _ 4 reason punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Meaning 4 Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.
Of an engine: to run slowly while the car is not moving.
case det obl punct mark advmod mark det nsubj aux advmod advcl punct root Of ADP an DET engine NOUN : PUNCT to PART run VERB slowly ADV while SCONJ the DET car NOUN is AUX not PART moving VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Of of ADP _ 3 engine case 2 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 engine det 3 engine engine NOUN Number=Sing 6 run obl 4 : : PUNCT _ 6 run punct 5 to to PART _ 6 run mark 6 run run VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 slowly slowly ADV _ 6 run advmod 8 while while SCONJ _ 13 moving mark 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 car det 10 car car NOUN Number=Sing 13 moving nsubj 11 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 moving aux 12 not not PART Polarity=Neg 13 moving advmod 13 moving move VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 6 run advcl 14 . . PUNCT _ 6 run punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 run to-infinitive of a engine; slowly property vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme of engine=Trajectory 2 not move present · progressive the car vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
Meaning 5 Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.
To spend time doing nothing.
mark obj acl obj punct root To PART spend VERB time NOUN doing VERB nothing PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 spend mark 2 spend spend VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 time time NOUN Number=Sing 2 spend obj 4 doing do VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 time acl 5 nothing nothing PRON Number=Sing PronType=Neg 4 doing obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 spend punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 spend to-infinitive time vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 2 do gerund time not said here nothing vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nothing=Eventuality
Example 1 Please don't let the engine idle outside the school.
discourse aux advmod det obj xcomp case det obl punct root Please INTJ do AUX n't PART let VERB the DET engine NOUN idle ADJ outside ADP the DET school NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Please please INTJ _ 4 let discourse 2 do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 4 let aux 3 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 4 let advmod 4 let let VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 engine det 6 engine engine NOUN Number=Sing 4 let obj 7 idle idle ADJ Degree=Pos 4 let xcomp 8 outside outside ADP _ 10 school case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 school det 10 school school NOUN Number=Sing 7 idle obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 let punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not let imperative · do-support you not said here the engine idle property vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent engine=Theme
Example 2 The tractor sat idle in the shed.
det nsubj xcomp case det obl punct root The DET tractor NOUN sat VERB idle ADJ in ADP the DET shed NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 tractor det 2 tractor tractor NOUN Number=Sing 3 sat nsubj 3 sat sit VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 idle idle ADJ Degree=Pos 3 sat xcomp 5 in in ADP _ 7 shed case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 shed det 7 shed shed NOUN Number=Sing 3 sat obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 sat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sit past the tractor the shed idle property vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in shed=Location
Example 3 Don't be idle — help me tidy up.
aux advmod cop punct conj obj xcomp compound:prt punct root Do AUX n't PART be AUX idle ADJ — PUNCT help VERB me PRON tidy VERB up ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 4 idle aux 2 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 4 idle advmod 3 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 4 idle cop 4 idle idle ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 — - PUNCT _ 6 help punct 6 help help VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 idle conj 7 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 6 help obj 8 tidy tidy VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 help xcomp 9 up up ADP _ 8 tidy compound:prt 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 idle punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not is imperative · do-support you not said here idle property tree rules 2 help infinitive you not said here me vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent i=Beneficiary clause=Theme 3 tidy up infinitive me not said here tree rules
Example 4 It was just idle chatter.
nsubj cop advmod amod punct root It PRON was AUX just ADV idle ADJ chatter NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 chatter nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 chatter cop 3 just just ADV _ 5 chatter advmod 4 idle idle ADJ Degree=Pos 5 chatter amod 5 chatter chatter NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 . . PUNCT _ 5 chatter punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past It idle chatter tree rules
Example 5 We idled away the afternoon in the garden.
nsubj advmod det obl:unmarked case det obl punct root We PRON idled VERB away ADV the DET afternoon NOUN in ADP the DET garden NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 idled nsubj 2 idled idle VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 away away ADV _ 2 idled advmod 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 afternoon det 5 afternoon afternoon NOUN Number=Sing 2 idled obl:unmarked 6 in in ADP _ 8 garden case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 garden det 8 garden garden NOUN Number=Sing 2 idled obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 idled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 idle away past We the garden afternoon away property tree rules
Example 6 His threat was an idle one.
nmod:poss nsubj cop det amod punct root His PRON threat NOUN was AUX an DET idle ADJ one NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 His his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 threat nmod:poss 2 threat threat NOUN Number=Sing 6 one nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 one cop 4 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 one det 5 idle idle ADJ Degree=Pos 6 one amod 6 one one NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 one punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past His threat a idle one tree rules
Example 7 The computer goes to sleep when it is idle.
det nsubj mark advcl mark nsubj cop advcl punct root The DET computer NOUN goes VERB to PART sleep VERB when SCONJ it PRON is AUX idle ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 computer det 2 computer computer NOUN Number=Sing 3 goes nsubj 3 goes go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to PART _ 5 sleep mark 5 sleep sleep VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 goes advcl 6 when when SCONJ _ 9 idle mark 7 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 idle nsubj 8 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 idle cop 9 idle idle ADJ Degree=Pos 5 sleep advcl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 goes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go present the computer vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 sleep to-infinitive the computer not said here vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 is present computer idle property tree rules
Example 8 As long as our father lived Alnaschar was very idle.
advmod advmod mark nmod:poss nsubj nsubj cop advmod ccomp punct root As ADV long ADV as SCONJ our PRON father NOUN lived VERB Alnaschar PROPN was AUX very ADV idle ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 As as ADV _ 2 long advmod 2 long long ADV Degree=Pos 6 lived advmod 3 as as SCONJ _ 6 lived mark 4 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 father nmod:poss 5 father father NOUN Number=Sing 6 lived nsubj 6 lived live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 Alnaschar Alnaschar PROPN Number=Sing 10 idle nsubj 8 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 10 idle cop 9 very very ADV _ 10 idle advmod 10 idle idle ADJ Degree=Pos 6 lived ccomp 11 . . PUNCT _ 6 lived punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 live past our father long property vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 is past Alnaschar idle property tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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