imitation

Who acts: fake, Copying, real, ring, He, Babies · What happens: look, copy, be, not make, not look, not be · To what, where: something, voice, real, imitation, real gold, great imitation · Speech: someone speaks here

«imitation» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: imitation in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

A copy of something, often a fake that looks like the real thing.

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 copy	det
2	copy	copy	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 something	case
4	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	2 copy	nmod
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 fake	punct
6	often	often	ADV	_	8 fake	advmod
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 fake	det
8	fake	fake	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 something	appos
9	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 looks	nsubj
10	looks	look	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 fake	acl:relcl
11	like	like	ADP	_	14 thing	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 thing	det
13	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 thing	amod
14	thing	thing	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 looks	obl
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 copy	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	look	present	a fake					like the real thing	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus
2	copy			something					nom copy «communication transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Copying someone's voice or actions, often to be funny.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Copying	copy	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	11 funny	csubj
2	someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	4 voice	nmod:poss
3	's	's	PART	_	2 someone	case
4	voice	voice	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Copying	obj
5	or	or	CCONJ	_	6 actions	cc
6	actions	action	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 voice	conj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 funny	punct
8	often	often	ADV	_	11 funny	advmod
9	to	to	PART	_	11 funny	mark
10	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	11 funny	cop
11	funny	funny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	11 funny	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	copy	gerund		someone's voice or actions					vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent voice=Theme
2	is	to-infinitive	Copying					funny, often property	tree rules

Meaning 3

Usage: adjective — kept apart, not parsed.

Not real but made to look real: «imitation leather».

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 made	advmod
2	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 made	nsubj:pass
3	but	but	CCONJ	_	4 made	cc
4	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	6 look	mark
6	look	look	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 made	xcomp
7	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 look	xcomp
8	:	:	PUNCT	_	4 made	punct
9	«	«	PUNCT	_	11 leather	punct
10	imitation	imitation	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 leather	compound
11	leather	leather	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 made	parataxis
12	»	»	PUNCT	_	11 leather	punct
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 made	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not make	participle · passive		real					tree rules
2	not look	to-infinitive	real not said here					real property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus

Example 1

The ring is only an imitation; it isn't real gold.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 ring	det
2	ring	ring	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 imitation	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 imitation	cop
4	only	only	ADV	_	6 imitation	advmod
5	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 imitation	det
6	imitation	imitation	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	;	;	PUNCT	_	12 gold	punct
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 gold	nsubj
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 gold	cop
10	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	12 gold	advmod
11	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 gold	amod
12	gold	gold	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 imitation	conj
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 imitation	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the ring	a imitation and real gold					tree rules
2	not is a	present	ring	real gold					tree rules

Example 2

He does a great imitation of a chicken.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 does	nsubj
2	does	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 imitation	det
4	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 imitation	amod
5	imitation	imitation	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 does	obj
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 chicken	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 chicken	det
8	chicken	chicken	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 imitation	nmod
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 does	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	present	He	a great imitation of a chicken					vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent imitation=Eventuality
2	imitate			a chicken					nom imitation «cognition transitive»: of=patient

Example 3

Babies learn to talk by imitation.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Babies	baby	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 learn	nsubj
2	learn	learn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	PART	_	4 talk	mark
4	talk	talk	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 learn	xcomp
5	by	by	ADP	_	6 imitation	case
6	imitation	imitation	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 talk	obl
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 learn	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	learn	present	Babies						vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	talk	to-infinitive	Babies not said here					by imitation	vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Example 4

The chair is covered in imitation leather.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 chair	det
2	chair	chair	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 covered	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 covered	aux:pass
4	covered	cover	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 leather	case
6	imitation	imitation	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 leather	compound
7	leather	leather	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 covered	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 covered	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cover	present · passive		the chair				in imitation leather	vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination in leather=Theme

Example 5

It was a poor imitation of the famous painting.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 imitation	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 imitation	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 imitation	det
4	poor	poor	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 imitation	amod
5	imitation	imitation	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	of	of	ADP	_	9 painting	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 painting	det
8	famous	famous	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 painting	amod
9	painting	painting	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 imitation	nmod
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 imitation	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past	It	a poor imitation				of the famous painting	tree rules

Example 6

«Imitation is the sincerest form of flattery,» said Gran.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	6 form	punct
2	Imitation	imitation	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 form	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 form	cop
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 form	det
5	sincerest	sincere	ADJ	Degree=Sup	6 form	amod
6	form	form	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 said	ccomp
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 flattery	case
8	flattery	flattery	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 form	nmod
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 form	punct
10	»	»	PUNCT	_	6 form	punct
11	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
12	Gran	Gran	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 said	nsubj
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	11 said	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a in a quote	present	Imitation	the sincerest form				of flattery	tree rules
2	say speech: assert	past	Gran						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent

Example 7

But they all with one voice shouted out that the Clown's imitation was much more true to life.

The tree, 19 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	But	but	CCONJ	_	7 shouted	cc
2	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 all	nsubj
3	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	7 shouted	nsubj:pass
4	with	with	ADP	_	6 voice	case
5	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 voice	nummod
6	voice	voice	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 all	nmod
7	shouted	shout	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
8	out	out	ADP	_	7 shouted	compound:prt
9	that	that	SCONJ	_	17 true	mark
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 Clown	det
11	Clown	Clown	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 imitation	nmod:poss
12	's	's	PART	_	11 Clown	case
13	imitation	imitation	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 true	nsubj
14	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	17 true	cop
15	much	much	ADV	_	16 more	advmod
16	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	17 true	nsubj
17	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 shouted	advcl
18	to	to	ADP	_	19 life	case
19	life	life	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 true	obl
20	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 shouted	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	shout out speech: express	participle · passive		all		vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic
2	is	past	the Clown's imitation		to life; true property	tree rules
3	imitate		the Clown			nom imitation «cognition transitive»: poss=agent

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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