indicative Who acts: something, it, high temperature, indicative, She, Dark clouds · What happens: be, show, suggest, use, run, do · To what, where: it, indicative, ordinary form, verb, present indicative, French · Speech: someone speaks here
«indicative» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: indicative in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.
If something is indicative of something else, it shows or suggests it: «A high temperature is indicative of an infection».
The tree, 20 words mark nsubj cop advcl case obl advmod punct nsubj cc ccomp obj punct punct det amod nsubj cop parataxis case det nmod punct punct root If SCONJ something PRON is AUX indicative ADJ of ADP something PRON else ADV , PUNCT it PRON shows VERB or CCONJ suggests VERB it PRON : PUNCT « PUNCT A DET high ADJ temperature NOUN is AUX indicative NOUN of ADP an DET infection NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 If if SCONJ _ 4 indicative mark 2 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 4 indicative nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 indicative cop 4 indicative indicative ADJ Degree=Pos 10 shows advcl 5 of of ADP _ 6 something case 6 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 4 indicative obl 7 else else ADV _ 6 something advmod 8 , , PUNCT _ 4 indicative punct 9 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 shows nsubj 10 shows show VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 11 or or CCONJ _ 12 suggests cc 12 suggests suggest VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 shows ccomp 13 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 12 suggests obj 14 : : PUNCT _ 20 indicative punct 15 « « PUNCT _ 20 indicative punct 16 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 18 temperature det 17 high high ADJ Degree=Pos 18 temperature amod 18 temperature temperature NOUN Number=Sing 20 indicative nsubj 19 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 20 indicative cop 20 indicative indicative NOUN Number=Sing 12 suggests parataxis 21 of of ADP _ 23 infection case 22 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 23 infection det 23 infection infection NOUN Number=Sing 20 indicative nmod 24 » » PUNCT _ 20 indicative punct 25 . . PUNCT _ 10 shows punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a condition, not said to happen present something of something; indicative property tree rules 2 show present it vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 suggest speech: suggest present it tree rules 4 is a in a quote present a high temperature indicative of a infection tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: grammar — kept apart, not parsed.
The indicative is the ordinary form of a verb used for facts and questions, like «She runs» or «Did it rain?», as opposed to commands or wishes.
The tree, 27 words det nsubj cop det amod case det nmod acl case obl cc conj punct mark punct nsubj parataxis punct cc punct conj obj obj punct punct punct mark conj case obl cc conj punct root The DET indicative NOUN is AUX the DET ordinary ADJ form NOUN of ADP a DET verb NOUN used VERB for ADP facts NOUN and CCONJ questions NOUN , PUNCT like SCONJ « PUNCT She PRON runs VERB » PUNCT or CCONJ « PUNCT Did VERB it PRON rain NOUN ? PUNCT » PUNCT , PUNCT as SCONJ opposed VERB to ADP commands NOUN or CCONJ wishes NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 indicative det 2 indicative indicative NOUN Number=Sing 6 form nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 form cop 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 form det 5 ordinary ordinary ADJ Degree=Pos 6 form amod 6 form form NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 of of ADP _ 9 verb case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 verb det 9 verb verb NOUN Number=Sing 6 form nmod 10 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 9 verb acl 11 for for ADP _ 12 facts case 12 facts fact NOUN Number=Plur 10 used obl 13 and and CCONJ _ 14 questions cc 14 questions question NOUN Number=Plur 12 facts conj 15 , , PUNCT _ 19 runs punct 16 like like SCONJ _ 19 runs mark 17 « « PUNCT _ 19 runs punct 18 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 19 runs nsubj 19 runs run VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 used parataxis 20 » » PUNCT _ 19 runs punct 21 or or CCONJ _ 23 Did cc 22 « « PUNCT _ 23 Did punct 23 Did do VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 19 runs conj 24 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 23 Did obj 25 rain rain NOUN Number=Sing 23 Did obj 26 ? ? PUNCT _ 25 rain punct 27 » » PUNCT _ 23 Did punct 28 , , PUNCT _ 30 opposed punct 29 as as SCONJ _ 30 opposed mark 30 opposed oppose VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 10 used conj 31 to to ADP _ 32 commands case 32 commands command NOUN Number=Plur 30 opposed obl 33 or or CCONJ _ 34 wishes cc 34 wishes wish NOUN Number=Plur 32 commands conj 35 . . PUNCT _ 6 form punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the indicative the ordinary form of a verb tree rules 2 use participle a verb not said here for facts and questions tree rules 3 run in a quote present She vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 4 do in a quote past She not said here indicative tree rules 5 oppose participle to commands or wishes vn amalgamate-22.2-3 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient
Example 1 Dark clouds are often indicative of rain.
amod nsubj cop advmod case obl punct root Dark ADJ clouds NOUN are AUX often ADV indicative ADJ of ADP rain NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dark dark ADJ Degree=Pos 2 clouds amod 2 clouds cloud NOUN Number=Plur 5 indicative nsubj 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 indicative cop 4 often often ADV _ 5 indicative advmod 5 indicative indicative ADJ Degree=Pos root root 6 of of ADP _ 7 rain case 7 rain rain NOUN Number=Sing 5 indicative obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 indicative punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Dark clouds of rain; indicative, often property tree rules
Example 2 (formal) His smile was indicative of his good mood.
punct nsubj punct nmod:poss nsubj cop case nmod:poss amod nmod punct root ( PUNCT formal ADJ ) PUNCT His PRON smile NOUN was AUX indicative NOUN of ADP his PRON good ADJ mood NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 formal punct 2 formal formal ADJ Degree=Pos 7 indicative nsubj 3 ) ) PUNCT _ 2 formal punct 4 His his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 smile nmod:poss 5 smile smile NOUN Number=Sing 7 indicative nsubj 6 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 indicative cop 7 indicative indicative NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 of of ADP _ 11 mood case 9 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 11 mood nmod:poss 10 good good ADJ Degree=Pos 11 mood amod 11 mood mood NOUN Number=Sing 7 indicative nmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 7 indicative punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past formal indicative of his good mood tree rules 2 smile His = he nom smile «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Example 3 Yellow leaves can be indicative of a thirsty plant.
amod nsubj aux cop case det amod nmod punct root Yellow ADJ leaves NOUN can AUX be AUX indicative NOUN of ADP a DET thirsty ADJ plant NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Yellow yellow ADJ Degree=Pos 2 leaves amod 2 leaves leaf NOUN Number=Plur 5 indicative nsubj 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 indicative aux 4 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 5 indicative cop 5 indicative indicative NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of ADP _ 9 plant case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 plant det 8 thirsty thirsty ADJ Degree=Pos 9 plant amod 9 plant plant NOUN Number=Sing 5 indicative nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 indicative punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a can Yellow leaves indicative of a thirsty plant tree rules
Example 4 (formal) The results are indicative of a pattern.
punct nsubj punct det nsubj cop case det nmod punct root ( PUNCT formal ADJ ) PUNCT The DET results NOUN are AUX indicative NOUN of ADP a DET pattern NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 formal punct 2 formal formal ADJ Degree=Pos 7 indicative nsubj 3 ) ) PUNCT _ 2 formal punct 4 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 results det 5 results result NOUN Number=Plur 7 indicative nsubj 6 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 indicative cop 7 indicative indicative NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 of of ADP _ 10 pattern case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 pattern det 10 pattern pattern NOUN Number=Sing 7 indicative nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 7 indicative punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present formal indicative of a pattern tree rules
Example 5 In French we learned the present indicative.
case obl nsubj det amod obj punct root In ADP French PROPN we PRON learned VERB the DET present ADJ indicative NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 French case 2 French French PROPN Number=Sing 4 learned obl 3 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 learned nsubj 4 learned learn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 indicative det 6 present present ADJ Degree=Pos 7 indicative amod 7 indicative indicative NOUN Number=Sing 4 learned obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 learned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 learn past we the present indicative French vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent indicative=Topic
Example 6 «I walk» is in the indicative mood.
punct nsubj advcl punct cop case det compound punct root « PUNCT I PRON walk VERB » PUNCT is AUX in ADP the DET indicative NOUN mood NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 3 walk punct 2 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 walk nsubj 3 walk walk VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 mood advcl 4 » » PUNCT _ 3 walk punct 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 mood cop 6 in in ADP _ 9 mood case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 mood det 8 indicative indicative NOUN Number=Sing 9 mood compound 9 mood mood NOUN Number=Sing root root 10 . . PUNCT _ 9 mood punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 walk in a quote present I vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 is present the indicative mood tree rules
Example 7 The indicative is used to state facts.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass mark xcomp obj punct root The DET indicative NOUN is AUX used VERB to PART state VERB facts NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 indicative det 2 indicative indicative NOUN Number=Sing 4 used nsubj:pass 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 used aux:pass 4 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 to to PART _ 6 state mark 6 state state VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 used xcomp 7 facts fact NOUN Number=Plur 6 state obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 used punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use present · passive the indicative vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S_INF»: subject=Theme clause=Eventuality 2 state speech: other to-infinitive facts vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent fact=Topic
Example 8 Missing homework is indicative of a busy week, the teacher joked.
amod compound cop nsubj case det amod nmod punct det nsubj punct root Missing ADJ homework NOUN is AUX indicative NOUN of ADP a DET busy ADJ week NOUN , PUNCT the DET teacher NOUN joked VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Missing missing ADJ Degree=Pos 2 homework amod 2 homework homework NOUN Number=Sing 4 indicative compound 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 indicative cop 4 indicative indicative NOUN Number=Sing 12 joked nsubj 5 of of ADP _ 8 week case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 week det 7 busy busy ADJ Degree=Pos 8 week amod 8 week week NOUN Number=Sing 4 indicative nmod 9 , , PUNCT _ 12 joked punct 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 teacher det 11 teacher teacher NOUN Number=Sing 12 joked nsubj 12 joked joke VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 13 . . PUNCT _ 12 joked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present homework indicative week tree rules 2 joke speech: other past homework indicative vn chit_chat-37.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 9 In later times she appears blindfolded, and stands on a ball or wheel, indicative of the fickleness and ever-revolving {148} changes of fortune.
The tree, 26 words case amod obl nsubj xcomp punct cc conj case det obl cc conj punct conj case det nmod cc advmod punct conj obj nummod punct obj case nmod punct root In ADP later ADJ times NOUN she PRON appears VERB blindfolded VERB , PUNCT and CCONJ stands VERB on ADP a DET ball NOUN or CCONJ wheel NOUN , PUNCT indicative NOUN of ADP the DET fickleness NOUN and CCONJ ever ADV - PUNCT revolving VERB { SYM 148 NUM } SYM changes NOUN of ADP fortune NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 times case 2 later late ADJ Degree=Cmp 3 times amod 3 times time NOUN Number=Plur 5 appears obl 4 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 appears nsubj 5 appears appear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 blindfolded blindfold VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 appears xcomp 7 , , PUNCT _ 9 stands punct 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 stands cc 9 stands stand VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 appears conj 10 on on ADP _ 12 ball case 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 ball det 12 ball ball NOUN Number=Sing 9 stands obl 13 or or CCONJ _ 14 wheel cc 14 wheel wheel NOUN Number=Sing 12 ball conj 15 , , PUNCT _ 16 indicative punct 16 indicative indicative NOUN Number=Sing 12 ball conj 17 of of ADP _ 19 fickleness case 18 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 19 fickleness det 19 fickleness fickleness NOUN Number=Sing 16 indicative nmod 20 and and CCONJ _ 23 revolving cc 21 ever ever ADV PronType=Ind 23 revolving advmod 22 - - PUNCT _ 21 ever punct 23 revolving revolve VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 9 stands conj 24 { { SYM _ 23 revolving obj 25 148 148 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 24 { nummod 26 } } SYM _ 27 changes punct 27 changes change NOUN Number=Plur 23 revolving obj 28 of of ADP _ 29 fortune case 29 fortune fortune NOUN Number=Sing 27 changes nmod 30 . . PUNCT _ 5 appears punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 appear present she time vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Attribute 2 blindfold participle she not said here vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent 3 stand present she not said here a ball or wheel and indicative of the fickleness vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on ball=Location 4 revolve gerund she not said here changes of fortune ever vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP ADJ.result»: agent=Agent {=Theme change=Result 5 change fortune nom change «event intransitive»: of=agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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