indigenous Who acts: Indigenous people, indigenous plant, people, kangaroo, indigenous idea, Māori · What happens: be, know, live, grow, bring, begin · To what, where: first people, place, one, Australia, particular place, indigenous people · Speech: someone speaks here
«indigenous» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: indigenous in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Indigenous people are the first people known to live in a place, and their descendants, such as Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples in Australia, Māori in New Zealand, First Nations, Inuit and Métis in Canada, and Native Americans in the USA.
The tree, 42 words amod nsubj cop det amod acl mark xcomp case det obl punct cc nmod:poss conj punct case fixed amod cc compound compound compound conj case nmod punct conj case flat nmod punct amod nmod punct conj cc conj case nmod punct cc amod appos case det nmod punct root Indigenous ADJ people NOUN are AUX the DET first ADJ people NOUN known VERB to PART live VERB in ADP a DET place NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ their PRON descendants NOUN , PUNCT such ADJ as ADP Aboriginal ADJ and CCONJ Torres PROPN Strait PROPN Islander PROPN peoples NOUN in ADP Australia PROPN , PUNCT Māori PROPN in ADP New PROPN Zealand PROPN , PUNCT First ADJ Nations PROPN , PUNCT Inuit PROPN and CCONJ Métis PROPN in ADP Canada PROPN , PUNCT and CCONJ Native ADJ Americans PROPN in ADP the DET USA PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Indigenous indigenous ADJ Degree=Pos 2 people amod 2 people people NOUN Number=Plur 6 people nsubj 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 people cop 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 people det 5 first first ADJ Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 6 people amod 6 people people NOUN Number=Plur root root 7 known know VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 people acl 8 to to PART _ 9 live mark 9 live live VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 known xcomp 10 in in ADP _ 12 place case 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 place det 12 place place NOUN Number=Sing 9 live obl 13 , , PUNCT _ 16 descendants punct 14 and and CCONJ _ 16 descendants cc 15 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 16 descendants nmod:poss 16 descendants descendant NOUN Number=Plur 6 people conj 17 , , PUNCT _ 25 peoples punct 18 such such ADJ Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP 25 peoples case 19 as as ADP _ 18 such fixed 20 Aboriginal aboriginal ADJ Degree=Pos 25 peoples amod 21 and and CCONJ _ 25 peoples cc 22 Torres Torres PROPN Number=Sing 23 Strait compound 23 Strait Strait PROPN Number=Sing 25 peoples compound 24 Islander Islander PROPN Number=Sing 25 peoples compound 25 peoples people NOUN Number=Plur 16 descendants conj 26 in in ADP _ 27 Australia case 27 Australia Australia PROPN Number=Sing 25 peoples nmod 28 , , PUNCT _ 29 Māori punct 29 Māori Māori PROPN Number=Sing 27 Australia conj 30 in in ADP _ 32 Zealand case 31 New New PROPN Number=Sing 32 Zealand flat 32 Zealand Zealand PROPN Number=Sing 29 Māori nmod 33 , , PUNCT _ 35 Nations punct 34 First First ADJ Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 35 Nations amod 35 Nations Nation PROPN Number=Plur 27 Australia nmod 36 , , PUNCT _ 37 Inuit punct 37 Inuit Inuit PROPN Number=Sing 27 Australia conj 38 and and CCONJ _ 39 Métis cc 39 Métis Métis PROPN Number=Sing 27 Australia conj 40 in in ADP _ 41 Canada case 41 Canada Canada PROPN Number=Sing 39 Métis nmod 42 , , PUNCT _ 45 Americans punct 43 and and CCONJ _ 45 Americans cc 44 Native native ADJ Degree=Pos 45 Americans amod 45 Americans American PROPN Number=Plur 6 people appos 46 in in ADP _ 48 USA case 47 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 48 USA det 48 USA USA PROPN Number=Sing 45 Americans nmod 49 . . PUNCT _ 6 people punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Indigenous people the first people and people's descendants and Aboriginal Strait Islander peoples in Australia First Nations and Māori in New Zealand and Inuit and Métis in Canada tree rules 2 know participle the first people and people's descendants and Aboriginal Strait Islander peoples in Australia First Nations and Māori in New Zealand and Inuit and Métis in Canada not said here vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus 3 live to-infinitive a place vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in place=Location
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: science — kept apart, not parsed.
An indigenous plant or animal is one that grows or lives naturally in a place, rather than being brought there by people: «the kangaroo is indigenous to Australia».
The tree, 28 words det amod nsubj cc conj cop nsubj acl:relcl cc conj advmod case det obl punct cc fixed aux:pass conj advmod case obl:agent punct punct det nsubj cop parataxis case obl punct punct root An DET indigenous ADJ plant NOUN or CCONJ animal NOUN is AUX one NUM that PRON grows VERB or CCONJ lives VERB naturally ADV in ADP a DET place NOUN , PUNCT rather ADV than ADP being AUX brought VERB there ADV by ADP people NOUN : PUNCT « PUNCT the DET kangaroo NOUN is AUX indigenous ADJ to ADP Australia PROPN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 plant det 2 indigenous indigenous ADJ Degree=Pos 3 plant amod 3 plant plant NOUN Number=Sing 7 one nsubj 4 or or CCONJ _ 5 animal cc 5 animal animal NOUN Number=Sing 3 plant conj 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 one cop 7 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card root root 8 that that PRON PronType=Rel 9 grows nsubj 9 grows grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 one acl:relcl 10 or or CCONJ _ 11 lives cc 11 lives live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 grows conj 12 naturally naturally ADV _ 11 lives advmod 13 in in ADP _ 15 place case 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 place det 15 place place NOUN Number=Sing 11 lives obl 16 , , PUNCT _ 20 brought punct 17 rather rather ADV ExtPos=CCONJ 20 brought cc 18 than than ADP _ 17 rather fixed 19 being be AUX Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 20 brought aux:pass 20 brought bring VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 9 grows conj 21 there there ADV PronType=Dem 20 brought advmod 22 by by ADP _ 23 people case 23 people people NOUN Number=Plur 20 brought obl:agent 24 : : PUNCT _ 29 indigenous punct 25 « « PUNCT _ 29 indigenous punct 26 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 27 kangaroo det 27 kangaroo kangaroo NOUN Number=Sing 29 indigenous nsubj 28 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 29 indigenous cop 29 indigenous indigenous ADJ Degree=Pos 7 one parataxis 30 to to ADP _ 31 Australia case 31 Australia Australia PROPN Number=Sing 29 indigenous obl 32 » » PUNCT _ 29 indigenous punct 33 . . PUNCT _ 7 one punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a indigenous plant or animal one tree rules 2 grow present vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 live present a place naturally property vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in place=Location 4 bring gerund · passive people there vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent 5 is in a quote present the kangaroo Australia indigenous property tree rules
Meaning 3 An indigenous idea, custom or story is one that began in a particular place rather than being brought there from somewhere else.
The tree, 22 words det amod nsubj punct appos cc conj cop nsubj acl:relcl case det amod obl cc fixed aux:pass acl:relcl advmod case advmod advmod punct root An DET indigenous ADJ idea NOUN , PUNCT custom NOUN or CCONJ story NOUN is AUX one NUM that PRON began VERB in ADP a DET particular ADJ place NOUN rather ADV than ADP being AUX brought VERB there ADV from ADP somewhere ADV else ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 idea det 2 indigenous indigenous ADJ Degree=Pos 3 idea amod 3 idea idea NOUN Number=Sing 9 one nsubj 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 custom punct 5 custom custom NOUN Number=Sing 3 idea appos 6 or or CCONJ _ 7 story cc 7 story story NOUN Number=Sing 3 idea conj 8 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 one cop 9 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card root root 10 that that PRON PronType=Rel 11 began nsubj 11 began begin VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 9 one acl:relcl 12 in in ADP _ 15 place case 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 place det 14 particular particular ADJ Degree=Pos 15 place amod 15 place place NOUN Number=Sing 11 began obl 16 rather rather ADV ExtPos=CCONJ 19 brought cc 17 than than ADP _ 16 rather fixed 18 being be AUX Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 19 brought aux:pass 19 brought bring VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 15 place acl:relcl 20 there there ADV PronType=Dem 19 brought advmod 21 from from ADP _ 22 somewhere case 22 somewhere somewhere ADV PronType=Ind 19 brought advmod 23 else else ADV _ 22 somewhere advmod 24 . . PUNCT _ 9 one punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a indigenous idea or story one tree rules 2 begin past a particular place vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality 3 bring gerund · passive a particular place not said here there somewhere property vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»
Example 1 Māori are the indigenous people of New Zealand.
nsubj cop det amod case flat nmod punct root Māori PROPN are AUX the DET indigenous ADJ people NOUN of ADP New PROPN Zealand PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Māori Māori PROPN Number=Sing 5 people nsubj 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 people cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 people det 4 indigenous indigenous ADJ Degree=Pos 5 people amod 5 people people NOUN Number=Plur root root 6 of of ADP _ 8 Zealand case 7 New New PROPN Number=Sing 8 Zealand flat 8 Zealand Zealand PROPN Number=Sing 5 people nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 people punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Māori the indigenous people of New Zealand tree rules
Example 2 Our school begins assemblies by thanking the indigenous people of the land.
nmod:poss nsubj obj mark advcl det amod obj case det nmod punct root Our PRON school NOUN begins VERB assemblies NOUN by SCONJ thanking VERB the DET indigenous ADJ people NOUN of ADP the DET land NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 school nmod:poss 2 school school NOUN Number=Sing 3 begins nsubj 3 begins begin VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 assemblies assembly NOUN Number=Plur 3 begins obj 5 by by SCONJ _ 6 thanking mark 6 thanking thank VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 begins advcl 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 people det 8 indigenous indigenous ADJ Degree=Pos 9 people amod 9 people people NOUN Number=Plur 6 thanking obj 10 of of ADP _ 12 land case 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 land det 12 land land NOUN Number=Sing 9 people nmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 3 begins punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 begin present Our school assemblies vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent assembly=Eventuality 2 thank speech: thank gerund Our school not said here the indigenous people of the land vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Theme
Example 3 Kangaroos are indigenous to Australia.
nsubj cop case obl punct root Kangaroos NOUN are AUX indigenous ADJ to ADP Australia PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Kangaroos kangaroo NOUN Number=Plur 3 indigenous nsubj 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 indigenous cop 3 indigenous indigenous ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 to to ADP _ 5 Australia case 5 Australia Australia PROPN Number=Sing 3 indigenous obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 indigenous punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Kangaroos Australia indigenous property tree rules
Example 4 Many indigenous languages are being taught again to children.
amod amod nsubj:pass aux:pass aux:pass advmod case obl punct root Many ADJ indigenous ADJ languages NOUN are AUX being AUX taught VERB again ADV to ADP children NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Many many ADJ Degree=Pos 3 languages amod 2 indigenous indigenous ADJ Degree=Pos 3 languages amod 3 languages language NOUN Number=Plur 6 taught nsubj:pass 4 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 taught aux:pass 5 being be AUX Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 6 taught aux:pass 6 taught teach VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 7 again again ADV _ 6 taught advmod 8 to to ADP _ 9 children case 9 children child NOUN Number=Plur 6 taught obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 6 taught punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 teach speech: other present · passive Many indigenous languages children again vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Topic to child=Recipient
Example 5 First Nations, Inuit and Métis are indigenous peoples of Canada.
amod nsubj punct conj cc conj cop amod case nmod punct root First ADJ Nations PROPN , PUNCT Inuit PROPN and CCONJ Métis PROPN are AUX indigenous ADJ peoples NOUN of ADP Canada PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 First first ADJ Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 2 Nations amod 2 Nations Nation PROPN Number=Plur 9 peoples nsubj 3 , , PUNCT _ 4 Inuit punct 4 Inuit Inuit PROPN Number=Sing 2 Nations conj 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 Métis cc 6 Métis Métis PROPN Number=Sing 4 Inuit conj 7 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 peoples cop 8 indigenous indigenous ADJ Degree=Pos 9 peoples amod 9 peoples people NOUN Number=Plur root root 10 of of ADP _ 11 Canada case 11 Canada Canada PROPN Number=Sing 9 peoples nmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 9 peoples punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present First Nations and Inuit and Métis indigenous peoples of Canada tree rules
Example 6 Rabbits are not indigenous to Australia; they were brought by settlers.
nsubj cop advmod case obl punct nsubj:pass aux:pass conj case obl:agent punct root Rabbits NOUN are AUX not PART indigenous ADJ to ADP Australia PROPN ; PUNCT they PRON were AUX brought VERB by ADP settlers NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Rabbits rabbit NOUN Number=Plur 4 indigenous nsubj 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 indigenous cop 3 not not PART Polarity=Neg 4 indigenous advmod 4 indigenous indigenous ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 to to ADP _ 6 Australia case 6 Australia Australia PROPN Number=Sing 4 indigenous obl 7 ; ; PUNCT _ 10 brought punct 8 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 brought nsubj:pass 9 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 10 brought aux:pass 10 brought bring VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 indigenous conj 11 by by ADP _ 12 settlers case 12 settlers settler NOUN Number=Plur 10 brought obl:agent 13 . . PUNCT _ 4 indigenous punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not is present Rabbits Australia indigenous property tree rules 2 bring past · passive settlers Rabbits = rabbit vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent subject=Theme
Example 7 We read indigenous stories about how the land was made.
nsubj amod obj mark advmod det nsubj:pass aux:pass acl punct root We PRON read VERB indigenous ADJ stories NOUN about SCONJ how ADV the DET land NOUN was AUX made VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 read nsubj 2 read read VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 indigenous indigenous ADJ Degree=Pos 4 stories amod 4 stories story NOUN Number=Plur 2 read obj 5 about about SCONJ _ 10 made mark 6 how how ADV PronType=Int 10 made advmod 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 land det 8 land land NOUN Number=Sing 10 made nsubj:pass 9 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 10 made aux:pass 10 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 stories acl 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 read punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 read past We indigenous stories vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent story=Topic 2 make past · passive the land vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product
Example 8 The existence of the tale in India renders it likely enough that it is not indigenous to the British Isles, but an Oriental importation.
The tree, 24 words det nsubj case det nmod case nmod obj advmod advmod mark nsubj cop advmod advcl case det amod obl punct cc det amod conj punct root The DET existence NOUN of ADP the DET tale NOUN in ADP India PROPN renders VERB it PRON likely ADV enough ADV that SCONJ it PRON is AUX not PART indigenous ADJ to ADP the DET British ADJ Isles PROPN , PUNCT but CCONJ an DET Oriental ADJ importation NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 existence det 2 existence existence NOUN Number=Sing 8 renders nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 5 tale case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 tale det 5 tale tale NOUN Number=Sing 2 existence nmod 6 in in ADP _ 7 India case 7 India India PROPN Number=Sing 5 tale nmod 8 renders render VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 9 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 renders obj 10 likely likely ADV _ 11 enough advmod 11 enough enough ADV _ 8 renders advmod 12 that that SCONJ _ 16 indigenous mark 13 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 16 indigenous nsubj 14 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 16 indigenous cop 15 not not PART Polarity=Neg 16 indigenous advmod 16 indigenous indigenous ADJ Degree=Pos 8 renders advcl 17 to to ADP _ 20 Isles case 18 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 20 Isles det 19 British British ADJ Degree=Pos 20 Isles amod 20 Isles Isle PROPN Number=Plur 16 indigenous obl 21 , , PUNCT _ 25 importation punct 22 but but CCONJ _ 25 importation cc 23 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 25 importation det 24 Oriental oriental ADJ Degree=Pos 25 importation amod 25 importation importation NOUN Number=Sing 8 renders conj 26 . . PUNCT _ 8 renders punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 render present the existence of the tale in India tale enough property vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme 2 not is present existence to the British Isles; indigenous property tree rules 3 exist the tale in India nom existence «state intransitive»: of=agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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