inertia

Who acts: object, force, bus, inertia, you, Seatbelts · What happens: stay, keep, move, change, lack, stop · To what, where: way, same speed, object, energy, you, crash · Speech: someone speaks here

«inertia» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: inertia in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Usage: science — kept apart, not parsed.

The way an object stays still or keeps moving at the same speed in a straight line until a force changes it.

The tree, 22 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 way	det
2	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 stays	obl:unmarked
3	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 object	det
4	object	object	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 stays	nsubj
5	stays	stay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	still	still	ADV	_	5 stays	advmod
7	or	or	CCONJ	_	8 keeps	cc
8	keeps	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 stays	conj
9	moving	move	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 keeps	xcomp
10	at	at	ADP	_	13 speed	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 speed	det
12	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 speed	amod
13	speed	speed	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 moving	obl
14	in	in	ADP	_	17 line	case
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 line	det
16	straight	straight	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 line	amod
17	line	line	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 moving	obl
18	until	until	SCONJ	_	21 changes	mark
19	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	20 force	det
20	force	force	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 changes	nsubj
21	changes	change	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 moving	advcl
22	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 changes	obj
23	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 stays	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stay	present	a object	the way		still		vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	keep	present	a object not said here					tree rules
3	move	gerund	a object not said here		the same speed		in a straight line	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V PP.source PP.trajectory PP.destination»: agent=Theme at speed=Source in line=Trajectory
4	change	present	a force	object				vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Lack of energy or wish to move or change: laziness.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Lack	lack	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	of	of	ADP	_	3 energy	case
3	energy	energy	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Lack	nmod
4	or	or	CCONJ	_	5 wish	cc
5	wish	wish	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Lack	conj
6	to	to	PART	_	7 move	mark
7	move	move	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 wish	acl
8	or	or	CCONJ	_	9 change	cc
9	change	change	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 move	conj
10	:	:	PUNCT	_	11 laziness	punct
11	laziness	laziness	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Lack	conj
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Lack	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	roles by
1	move	to-infinitive		vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
2	change	infinitive		vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	lack		energy	nom lack «state transitive»: of=patient

Example 1

When the bus stops suddenly, inertia keeps you moving forward.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	When	when	ADV	PronType=Int	4 stops	advmod
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 bus	det
3	bus	bus	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 stops	nsubj
4	stops	stop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 keeps	advcl
5	suddenly	suddenly	ADV	_	4 stops	advmod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 stops	punct
7	inertia	inertia	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 keeps	nsubj
8	keeps	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	you	you	PRON	Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs	8 keeps	obj
10	moving	move	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 keeps	xcomp
11	forward	forward	ADV	_	10 moving	advmod
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 keeps	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	stop	present	the bus		suddenly property	vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
2	keep	present	inertia	you		tree rules
3	move forward	gerund	you not said here		forward property	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme

Example 2

Seatbelts protect you against inertia in a crash.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Seatbelts	seatbelt	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 protect	nsubj
2	protect	protect	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	you	you	PRON	Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs	2 protect	obj
4	against	against	ADP	_	5 inertia	case
5	inertia	inertia	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 protect	obl
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 crash	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 crash	det
8	crash	crash	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 protect	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 protect	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	protect	present	Seatbelts		you	a crash		against inertia	vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent you=Beneficiary against inertia=Theme

Example 3

A heavy trolley has more inertia than a light one.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 trolley	det
2	heavy	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 trolley	amod
3	trolley	trolley	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 has	nsubj
4	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	6 inertia	amod
6	inertia	inertia	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 has	obj
7	than	than	ADP	_	10 one	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 one	det
9	light	light	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 one	amod
10	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 inertia	nmod
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 has	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	a heavy trolley	more inertia				than a light one	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent inertia=Patient

Example 4

Pull the tablecloth fast and inertia keeps the plates in place.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Pull	pull	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 tablecloth	det
3	tablecloth	tablecloth	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Pull	obj
4	fast	fast	ADV	Degree=Pos	1 Pull	advmod
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 keeps	cc
6	inertia	inertia	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 keeps	nsubj
7	keeps	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Pull	conj
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 plates	det
9	plates	plate	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 keeps	obj
10	in	in	ADP	_	11 place	case
11	place	place	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 keeps	obl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Pull	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pull	imperative	you not said here	the tablecloth				fast property	vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tablecloth=Theme
2	keep	present	inertia	the plates		place			vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent plate=Theme in place=Location

Example 5

After the holiday, inertia kept me on the sofa.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	After	after	ADP	_	3 holiday	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 holiday	det
3	holiday	holiday	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 kept	obl
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 holiday	punct
5	inertia	inertia	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 kept	nsubj
6	kept	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	me	I	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	6 kept	obj
8	on	on	ADP	_	10 sofa	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 sofa	det
10	sofa	sofa	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 kept	obl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 kept	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	past	inertia	me		the sofa	after the holiday		vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent i=Theme on sofa=Location

Example 6

Newton's first law is called the law of inertia.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Newton	Newton	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 law	nmod:poss
2	's	's	PART	_	1 Newton	case
3	first	first	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	4 law	amod
4	law	law	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 called	nsubj:pass
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 called	aux:pass
6	called	call	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 law	det
8	law	law	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 called	xcomp
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 inertia	case
10	inertia	inertia	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 law	nmod
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 called	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	call	present · passive		Newton's first law					vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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