influenza Who acts: illness, coughs, Grandma, I, you, virus · What happens: cause, spread, have, jab, be, catch · To what, where: illness, Influenza, flu jab, it, flu · Speech: someone speaks here
«influenza» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: influenza in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 An illness caused by a virus, with a high temperature, aches, a sore throat, a cough and great tiredness; it spreads easily.
The tree, 22 words det nsubj acl case det obl punct case det amod obl punct conj punct det amod conj punct det conj cc amod conj punct nsubj advmod punct root An DET illness NOUN caused VERB by ADP a DET virus NOUN , PUNCT with ADP a DET high ADJ temperature NOUN , PUNCT aches NOUN , PUNCT a DET sore ADJ throat NOUN , PUNCT a DET cough NOUN and CCONJ great ADJ tiredness NOUN ; PUNCT it PRON spreads VERB easily ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 illness det 2 illness illness NOUN Number=Sing 26 spreads nsubj 3 caused cause VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 illness acl 4 by by ADP _ 6 virus case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 virus det 6 virus virus NOUN Number=Sing 3 caused obl 7 , , PUNCT _ 11 temperature punct 8 with with ADP _ 11 temperature case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 temperature det 10 high high ADJ Degree=Pos 11 temperature amod 11 temperature temperature NOUN Number=Sing 3 caused obl 12 , , PUNCT _ 13 aches punct 13 aches ache NOUN Number=Plur 11 temperature conj 14 , , PUNCT _ 17 throat punct 15 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 17 throat det 16 sore sore ADJ Degree=Pos 17 throat amod 17 throat throat NOUN Number=Sing 11 temperature conj 18 , , PUNCT _ 20 cough punct 19 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 20 cough det 20 cough cough NOUN Number=Sing 11 temperature conj 21 and and CCONJ _ 23 tiredness cc 22 great great ADJ Degree=Pos 23 tiredness amod 23 tiredness tiredness NOUN Number=Sing 20 cough conj 24 ; ; PUNCT _ 26 spreads punct 25 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 26 spreads nsubj 26 spreads spread VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 27 easily easily ADV _ 26 spreads advmod 28 . . PUNCT _ 26 spreads punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cause participle a illness not said here by a virus; with a high temperature and aches and a sore throat and a cough and great tiredness vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition 2 spread present a illness easily property vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Example 1 Influenza is spread by coughs and sneezes.
nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl cc conj punct root Influenza NOUN is AUX spread VERB by ADP coughs NOUN and CCONJ sneezes NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Influenza influenza NOUN Number=Sing 3 spread nsubj:pass 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 spread aux:pass 3 spread spread VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 by by ADP _ 5 coughs case 5 coughs cough NOUN Number=Plur 3 spread obl 6 and and CCONJ _ 7 sneezes cc 7 sneezes sneeze NOUN Number=Plur 5 coughs conj 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 spread punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 spread present · passive coughs and sneezes Influenza vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location subject=Theme
Example 2 Grandma has her flu jab every winter.
nsubj nmod:poss compound obj det obl:unmarked punct root Grandma NOUN has VERB her PRON flu NOUN jab NOUN every DET winter NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Grandma grandma NOUN Number=Sing 2 has nsubj 2 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 jab nmod:poss 4 flu flu NOUN Number=Sing 5 jab compound 5 jab jab NOUN Number=Sing 2 has obj 6 every every DET PronType=Tot 7 winter det 7 winter winter NOUN Number=Sing 2 has obl:unmarked 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present Grandma Grandma's flu jab winter vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent jab=Patient 2 jab Grandma nom jab «act transitive»: poss=agent
Example 3 I was off school with influenza for a week.
nsubj cop case case nmod case det nmod punct root I PRON was AUX off ADP school NOUN with ADP influenza NOUN for ADP a DET week NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 school nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 school cop 3 off off ADP _ 4 school case 4 school school NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 with with ADP _ 6 influenza case 6 influenza influenza NOUN Number=Sing 4 school nmod 7 for for ADP _ 9 week case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 week det 9 week week NOUN Number=Sing 4 school nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 school punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past I week off school; with influenza tree rules
Example 4 Catch it, bin it, kill it — to stop flu spreading.
obj punct conj obj punct conj obj punct mark conj obj xcomp punct root Catch VERB it PRON , PUNCT bin VERB it PRON , PUNCT kill VERB it PRON — PUNCT to PART stop VERB flu NOUN spreading VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Catch catch VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 1 Catch obj 3 , , PUNCT _ 4 bin punct 4 bin bin VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 1 Catch conj 5 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 bin obj 6 , , PUNCT _ 7 kill punct 7 kill kill VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 1 Catch conj 8 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 kill obj 9 — - PUNCT _ 11 stop punct 10 to to PART _ 11 stop mark 11 stop stop VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 1 Catch conj 12 flu flu NOUN Number=Sing 11 stop obj 13 spreading spread VERB VerbForm=Ger 11 stop xcomp 14 . . PUNCT _ 1 Catch punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 catch imperative you not said here it vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme 2 bin infinitive you not said here it vn pocket-9.10 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent it=Theme 3 kill infinitive you not said here it vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme 4 stop to-infinitive you not said here flu tree rules 5 spread gerund you not said here vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 5 Influenza is caused by a virus, not bacteria.
nsubj:pass aux:pass case det obl punct advmod conj punct root Influenza NOUN is AUX caused VERB by ADP a DET virus NOUN , PUNCT not PART bacteria NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Influenza influenza NOUN Number=Sing 3 caused nsubj:pass 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 caused aux:pass 3 caused cause VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 by by ADP _ 6 virus case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 virus det 6 virus virus NOUN Number=Sing 3 caused obl 7 , , PUNCT _ 9 bacteria punct 8 not not PART Polarity=Neg 9 bacteria advmod 9 bacteria bacteria NOUN Number=Sing 6 virus conj 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 caused punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cause present · passive a virus and bacteria Influenza vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition subject=Patient
Example 6 The doctor said it was influenza, not a cold.
det nsubj nsubj cop ccomp punct advmod det conj punct root The DET doctor NOUN said VERB it PRON was AUX influenza NOUN , PUNCT not PART a DET cold NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 doctor det 2 doctor doctor NOUN Number=Sing 3 said nsubj 3 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 influenza nsubj 5 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 influenza cop 6 influenza influenza NOUN Number=Sing 3 said ccomp 7 , , PUNCT _ 10 cold punct 8 not not PART Polarity=Neg 10 cold advmod 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 cold det 10 cold cold NOUN Number=Sing 6 influenza conj 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert past the doctor vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent 2 is a past doctor influenza and a cold tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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