instruction Who acts: Instructions, words, instruction, single command, you, lifeguard · What happens: be, tell, do, read, mean, swim · To what, where: words, you, something, instructions, order, someone · Speech: someone speaks here
«instruction» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: instruction in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Instructions are words that tell you how to do something or what to do: «read the instructions».
The tree, 17 words nsubj cop nsubj acl:relcl iobj advmod mark ccomp obj cc nmod mark acl punct punct parataxis det obj punct punct root Instructions NOUN are AUX words NOUN that PRON tell VERB you PRON how ADV to PART do VERB something PRON or CCONJ what PRON to PART do VERB : PUNCT « PUNCT read VERB the DET instructions NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Instructions instruction NOUN Number=Plur 3 words nsubj 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 words cop 3 words word NOUN Number=Plur root root 4 that that PRON PronType=Rel 5 tell nsubj 5 tell tell VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 words acl:relcl 6 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 5 tell iobj 7 how how ADV PronType=Int 9 do advmod 8 to to PART _ 9 do mark 9 do do VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 tell ccomp 10 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 9 do obj 11 or or CCONJ _ 12 what cc 12 what what PRON PronType=Rel 10 something nmod 13 to to PART _ 14 do mark 14 do do VERB VerbForm=Inf 12 what acl 15 : : PUNCT _ 17 read punct 16 « « PUNCT _ 17 read punct 17 read read VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 words parataxis 18 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 19 instructions det 19 instructions instruction NOUN Number=Plur 17 read obj 20 » » PUNCT _ 17 read punct 21 . . PUNCT _ 3 words punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Instructions words tree rules 2 tell speech: assert present words you vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent you=Recipient clause=Topic 3 do not said to happen to-infinitive something vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality 4 do to-infinitive vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 5 read in a quote past the instructions vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent instruction=Topic
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 An instruction is an order from someone in charge.
det nsubj cop det case nmod case nmod punct root An DET instruction NOUN is AUX an DET order NOUN from ADP someone PRON in ADP charge NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 instruction det 2 instruction instruction NOUN Number=Sing 5 order nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 order cop 4 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 order det 5 order order NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 from from ADP _ 7 someone case 7 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 5 order nmod 8 in in ADP _ 9 charge case 9 charge charge NOUN Number=Sing 7 someone nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 order punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a instruction a order someone tree rules
Meaning 3 Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.
Instruction means teaching: «swimming instruction».
nsubj obj punct punct advcl obj punct punct root Instruction NOUN means VERB teaching NOUN : PUNCT « PUNCT swimming VERB instruction NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Instruction instruction NOUN Number=Sing 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 teaching teaching NOUN Number=Sing 2 means obj 4 : : PUNCT _ 2 means punct 5 « « PUNCT _ 6 swimming punct 6 swimming swim VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 2 means advcl 7 instruction instruction NOUN Number=Sing 6 swimming obj 8 » » PUNCT _ 6 swimming punct 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Instruction teaching vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent teaching=Topic 2 swim in a quote gerund Instruction not said here instruction vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme instruction=Trajectory
Meaning 4 Usage: computing — kept apart, not parsed.
A single command a computer follows.
det amod nsubj det nsubj punct root A DET single ADJ command NOUN a DET computer NOUN follows VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 command det 2 single single ADJ Degree=Pos 3 command amod 3 command command NOUN Number=Sing 6 follows nsubj 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 computer det 5 computer computer NOUN Number=Sing 6 follows nsubj 6 follows follow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 follows punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 follow present a single command vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 1 Read the instructions carefully before you start.
det obj advmod mark nsubj advcl punct root Read VERB the DET instructions NOUN carefully ADV before SCONJ you PRON start VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Read read VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 instructions det 3 instructions instruction NOUN Number=Plur 1 Read obj 4 carefully carefully ADV _ 1 Read advmod 5 before before SCONJ _ 7 start mark 6 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 7 start nsubj 7 start start VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 Read advcl 8 . . PUNCT _ 1 Read punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 read imperative you not said here the instructions carefully property vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent instruction=Topic 2 start present you vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
Example 2 Follow the instructions to build the model.
det obj mark advcl det obj punct root Follow VERB the DET instructions NOUN to PART build VERB the DET model NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Follow follow VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 instructions det 3 instructions instruction NOUN Number=Plur 1 Follow obj 4 to to PART _ 5 build mark 5 build build VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Follow advcl 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 model det 7 model model NOUN Number=Sing 5 build obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 1 Follow punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 follow imperative you not said here the instructions vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent instruction=Theme 2 build to-infinitive you not said here the model vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset model=Product
Example 3 The lifeguard gave clear instructions.
det nsubj amod obj punct root The DET lifeguard NOUN gave VERB clear ADJ instructions NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 lifeguard det 2 lifeguard lifeguard NOUN Number=Sing 3 gave nsubj 3 gave give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 clear clear ADJ Degree=Pos 5 instructions amod 5 instructions instruction NOUN Number=Plur 3 gave obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 gave punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give past the lifeguard clear instructions vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent instruction=Theme
Example 4 We wrote instructions for making a sandwich.
nsubj obj mark advcl det obj punct root We PRON wrote VERB instructions NOUN for SCONJ making VERB a DET sandwich NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 wrote nsubj 2 wrote write VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 instructions instruction NOUN Number=Plur 2 wrote obj 4 for for SCONJ _ 5 making mark 5 making make VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 2 wrote advcl 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 sandwich det 7 sandwich sandwich NOUN Number=Sing 5 making obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 wrote punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 write past We instructions vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent instruction=Theme 2 make gerund We not said here a sandwich vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset sandwich=Product
Example 5 The robot follows each instruction in order.
det nsubj det obj case obl punct root The DET robot NOUN follows VERB each DET instruction NOUN in ADP order NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 robot det 2 robot robot NOUN Number=Sing 3 follows nsubj 3 follows follow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 each each DET PronType=Tot 5 instruction det 5 instruction instruction NOUN Number=Sing 3 follows obj 6 in in ADP _ 7 order case 7 order order NOUN Number=Sing 3 follows obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 follows punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 follow present the robot each instruction order vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent instruction=Theme in order=Trajectory
Example 6 She received swimming instruction twice a week.
nsubj xcomp obj advmod det obl:unmarked punct root She PRON received VERB swimming VERB instruction NOUN twice ADV a DET week NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 received nsubj 2 received receive VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 swimming swim VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 received xcomp 4 instruction instruction NOUN Number=Sing 3 swimming obj 5 twice twice ADV NumForm=Word NumType=Mult 3 swimming advmod 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 week det 7 week week NOUN Number=Sing 5 twice obl:unmarked 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 received punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 receive past She tree rules 2 swim gerund She not said here instruction twice property vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme instruction=Trajectory
Example 7 Crimthann absorbed instruction like a sponge and digested it as rapidly.
nsubj obj case det obl cc conj obj advmod advmod punct root Crimthann PROPN absorbed VERB instruction NOUN like ADP a DET sponge NOUN and CCONJ digested VERB it PRON as ADV rapidly ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Crimthann Crimthann PROPN Number=Sing 2 absorbed nsubj 2 absorbed absorb VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 instruction instruction NOUN Number=Sing 2 absorbed obj 4 like like ADP _ 6 sponge case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 sponge det 6 sponge sponge NOUN Number=Sing 2 absorbed obl 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 digested cc 8 digested digest VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 absorbed conj 9 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 digested obj 10 as as ADV _ 11 rapidly advmod 11 rapidly rapidly ADV _ 8 digested advmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 absorbed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 absorb past Crimthann instruction like a sponge vn absorb-39.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Goal instruction=Theme 2 digest past Crimthann not said here instruction rapidly property tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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