junk Who acts: Junk, Junk food, Junk mail, you, He, They · What happens: be, not want, break, have, not ask, mean · To what, where: old things, use, food, kind, thick lump, junk
«junk» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: junk in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Junk is old things that are not wanted, are broken or have no use.
The tree, 14 words nsubj cop amod nsubj:pass nsubj:pass aux:pass advmod acl:relcl punct aux:pass cc conj det obj punct root Junk NOUN is AUX old ADJ things NOUN that PRON are AUX not PART wanted VERB , PUNCT are AUX broken VERB or CCONJ have VERB no DET use NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Junk junk NOUN Number=Sing 4 things nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 things cop 3 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 4 things amod 4 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 11 broken nsubj:pass 5 that that PRON PronType=Rel 8 wanted nsubj:pass 6 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 wanted aux:pass 7 not not PART Polarity=Neg 8 wanted advmod 8 wanted want VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 things acl:relcl 9 , , PUNCT _ 4 things punct 10 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 broken aux:pass 11 broken break VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 12 or or CCONJ _ 13 have cc 13 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 broken conj 14 no no DET PronType=Neg 15 use det 15 use use NOUN Number=Sing 13 have obj 16 . . PUNCT _ 11 broken punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Junk old things tree rules 2 not want present · passive old things vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: subject=Theme 3 break present · passive old things vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient 4 have present no use vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent use=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Junk food is food with lots of sugar, salt or fat and little goodness.
The tree, 14 words compound nsubj cop case nmod case nmod punct conj cc conj cc amod conj punct root Junk NOUN food NOUN is AUX food NOUN with ADP lots NOUN of ADP sugar NOUN , PUNCT salt NOUN or CCONJ fat NOUN and CCONJ little ADJ goodness NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Junk junk NOUN Number=Sing 2 food compound 2 food food NOUN Number=Sing 4 food nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 food cop 4 food food NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 with with ADP _ 6 lots case 6 lots lot NOUN Number=Plur 4 food nmod 7 of of ADP _ 8 sugar case 8 sugar sugar NOUN Number=Sing 6 lots nmod 9 , , PUNCT _ 10 salt punct 10 salt salt NOUN Number=Sing 8 sugar conj 11 or or CCONJ _ 12 fat cc 12 fat fat NOUN Number=Sing 8 sugar conj 13 and and CCONJ _ 15 goodness cc 14 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 15 goodness amod 15 goodness goodness NOUN Number=Sing 8 sugar conj 16 . . PUNCT _ 4 food punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Junk food food with lots of sugar and salt or fat and little goodness tree rules
Meaning 3 Junk mail is advertising you did not ask for, on paper or by email.
The tree, 14 words compound nsubj cop nsubj aux advmod parataxis case punct case obl cc case conj punct root Junk NOUN mail NOUN is AUX advertising VERB you PRON did AUX not PART ask VERB for ADP , PUNCT on ADP paper NOUN or CCONJ by ADP email NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Junk junk NOUN Number=Sing 2 mail compound 2 mail mail NOUN Number=Sing 4 advertising nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 advertising cop 4 advertising advertise VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 5 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 8 ask nsubj 6 did do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 ask aux 7 not not PART Polarity=Neg 8 ask advmod 8 ask ask VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 advertising parataxis 9 for for ADP _ 12 paper case 10 , , PUNCT _ 12 paper punct 11 on on ADP _ 12 paper case 12 paper paper NOUN Number=Sing 8 ask obl 13 or or CCONJ _ 15 email cc 14 by by ADP _ 15 email case 15 email email NOUN Number=Sing 12 paper conj 16 . . PUNCT _ 4 advertising punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Junk mail advertise property tree rules 2 not ask speech: ask past · do-support you for paper or email vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Meaning 4 A junk is also a kind of wooden sailing boat from China.
det nsubj cop advmod det case amod compound nmod case nmod punct root A DET junk NOUN is AUX also ADV a DET kind NOUN of ADP wooden ADJ sailing NOUN boat NOUN from ADP China PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 junk det 2 junk junk NOUN Number=Sing 6 kind nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 kind cop 4 also also ADV _ 6 kind advmod 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 kind det 6 kind kind NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 of of ADP _ 10 boat case 8 wooden wooden ADJ Degree=Pos 10 boat amod 9 sailing sailing NOUN Number=Sing 10 boat compound 10 boat boat NOUN Number=Sing 6 kind nmod 11 from from ADP _ 12 China case 12 China China PROPN Number=Sing 10 boat nmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 6 kind punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a junk a kind of wooden sailing boat from China tree rules
Meaning 5 A junk can also mean a thick lump or chunk of food, such as a piece of bread.
The tree, 18 words det nsubj aux advmod det amod obj cc conj case nmod punct case fixed det conj case nmod punct root A DET junk NOUN can AUX also ADV mean VERB a DET thick ADJ lump NOUN or CCONJ chunk NOUN of ADP food NOUN , PUNCT such ADJ as ADP a DET piece NOUN of ADP bread NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 junk det 2 junk junk NOUN Number=Sing 5 mean nsubj 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 mean aux 4 also also ADV _ 5 mean advmod 5 mean mean VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 lump det 7 thick thick ADJ Degree=Pos 8 lump amod 8 lump lump NOUN Number=Sing 5 mean obj 9 or or CCONJ _ 10 chunk cc 10 chunk chunk NOUN Number=Sing 8 lump conj 11 of of ADP _ 12 food case 12 food food NOUN Number=Sing 10 chunk nmod 13 , , PUNCT _ 17 piece punct 14 such such ADJ Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP 17 piece case 15 as as ADP _ 14 such fixed 16 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 17 piece det 17 piece piece NOUN Number=Sing 8 lump conj 18 of of ADP _ 19 bread case 19 bread bread NOUN Number=Sing 17 piece nmod 20 . . PUNCT _ 5 mean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean can a junk a thick lump or chunk of food and a piece of bread vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lump=Topic
Example 1 He sold his junk for 20 dollars.
nsubj nmod:poss obj case nummod obl punct root He PRON sold VERB his PRON junk NOUN for ADP 20 NUM dollars NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 sold nsubj 2 sold sell VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 junk nmod:poss 4 junk junk NOUN Number=Sing 2 sold obj 5 for for ADP _ 7 dollars case 6 20 20 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 7 dollars nummod 7 dollars dollar NOUN Number=Plur 2 sold obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 sold punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sell past He his junk for 20 dollars vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent junk=Theme for dollar=Asset
Example 2 They took 3 bags of junk to the dump.
nsubj nummod obj case nmod case det obl punct root They PRON took VERB 3 NUM bags NOUN of ADP junk NOUN to ADP the DET dump NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 They they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 took nsubj 2 took take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 bags nummod 4 bags bag NOUN Number=Plur 2 took obj 5 of of ADP _ 6 junk case 6 junk junk NOUN Number=Sing 4 bags nmod 7 to to ADP _ 9 dump case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 dump det 9 dump dump NOUN Number=Sing 2 took obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 took punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 take past They 3 bags of junk the dump vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent bag=Theme to dump=Destination
Example 3 Junk food costs 4 dollars.
compound nsubj nummod obj punct root Junk NOUN food NOUN costs VERB 4 NUM dollars NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Junk junk NOUN Number=Sing 2 food compound 2 food food NOUN Number=Sing 3 costs nsubj 3 costs cost VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 4 4 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 dollars nummod 5 dollars dollar NOUN Number=Plur 3 costs obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 costs punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cost present Junk food 4 dollars vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme dollar=Value
Example 4 The garage is full of old junk.
det nsubj cop case amod obl punct root The DET garage NOUN is AUX full ADJ of ADP old ADJ junk NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 garage det 2 garage garage NOUN Number=Sing 4 full nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 full cop 4 full full ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 of of ADP _ 7 junk case 6 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 7 junk amod 7 junk junk NOUN Number=Sing 4 full obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 full punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present the garage of old junk; full property tree rules
Example 5 Eating too much junk food is bad for your teeth.
csubj advmod amod compound obj cop case nmod:poss obl punct root Eating VERB too ADV much ADJ junk NOUN food NOUN is AUX bad ADJ for ADP your PRON teeth NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Eating eat VERB VerbForm=Ger 7 bad csubj 2 too too ADV _ 3 much advmod 3 much much ADJ Degree=Pos 5 food amod 4 junk junk NOUN Number=Sing 5 food compound 5 food food NOUN Number=Sing 1 Eating obj 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 bad cop 7 bad bad ADJ Degree=Pos root root 8 for for ADP _ 10 teeth case 9 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 teeth nmod:poss 10 teeth tooth NOUN Number=Plur 7 bad obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 7 bad punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 eat gerund much junk food vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Patient 2 is present Eating for your teeth; bad property tree rules
Example 6 Mum deletes the junk mail without opening it.
nsubj det compound obj mark advcl obj punct root Mum NOUN deletes VERB the DET junk NOUN mail NOUN without SCONJ opening VERB it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mum mum NOUN Number=Sing 2 deletes nsubj 2 deletes delete VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 mail det 4 junk junk NOUN Number=Sing 5 mail compound 5 mail mail NOUN Number=Sing 2 deletes obj 6 without without SCONJ _ 7 opening mark 7 opening open VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 2 deletes advcl 8 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 opening obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 deletes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 delete present Mum the junk mail vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mail=Theme 2 open gerund Mum not said here mail vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location it=Theme
Example 7 We found an old clock in a junk shop.
nsubj det amod obj case det compound obl punct root We PRON found VERB an DET old ADJ clock NOUN in ADP a DET junk NOUN shop NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 found nsubj 2 found find VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 clock det 4 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 5 clock amod 5 clock clock NOUN Number=Sing 2 found obj 6 in in ADP _ 9 shop case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 shop det 8 junk junk NOUN Number=Sing 9 shop compound 9 shop shop NOUN Number=Sing 2 found obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 found punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 find past We a old clock a junk shop vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent clock=Topic
Example 8 A junk sailed slowly across the harbour.
det nsubj advmod case det obl punct root A DET junk NOUN sailed VERB slowly ADV across ADP the DET harbour NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 junk det 2 junk junk NOUN Number=Sing 3 sailed nsubj 3 sailed sail VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 slowly slowly ADV _ 3 sailed advmod 5 across across ADP _ 7 harbour case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 harbour det 7 harbour harbour NOUN Number=Sing 3 sailed obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 sailed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sail past a junk the harbour slowly property vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent across harbour=Trajectory
Example 9 So she took Jack into the kitchen, and gave him a junk of bread and cheese and a jug of milk.
The tree, 21 words advmod nsubj obj case det obl punct cc conj iobj det obj case nmod cc conj cc det conj case nmod punct root So ADV she PRON took VERB Jack PROPN into ADP the DET kitchen NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ gave VERB him PRON a DET junk NOUN of ADP bread NOUN and CCONJ cheese NOUN and CCONJ a DET jug NOUN of ADP milk NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 So so ADV _ 3 took advmod 2 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 took nsubj 3 took take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 Jack Jack PROPN Number=Sing 3 took obj 5 into into ADP _ 7 kitchen case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 kitchen det 7 kitchen kitchen NOUN Number=Sing 3 took obl 8 , , PUNCT _ 10 gave punct 9 and and CCONJ _ 10 gave cc 10 gave give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 took conj 11 him he PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 gave iobj 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 junk det 13 junk junk NOUN Number=Sing 10 gave obj 14 of of ADP _ 15 bread case 15 bread bread NOUN Number=Sing 13 junk nmod 16 and and CCONJ _ 17 cheese cc 17 cheese cheese NOUN Number=Sing 13 junk conj 18 and and CCONJ _ 20 jug cc 19 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 20 jug det 20 jug jug NOUN Number=Sing 13 junk conj 21 of of ADP _ 22 milk case 22 milk milk NOUN Number=Sing 20 jug nmod 23 . . PUNCT _ 3 took punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 take past she Jack the kitchen vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent jack=Theme into kitchen=Destination 2 give past she not said here a junk of bread and cheese and a jug of milk Jack vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient junk=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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