kilogram Who acts: kilogram, unit, bag, Apples, dog, She · What happens: be, measure, weigh, cost, buy, bear · To what, where: unit, something, mass, one kilogram, 1000 grams, 3 dollars
«kilogram» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: kilogram in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A kilogram is a unit for measuring how heavy something is (its mass). A bag of sugar often weighs one kilogram.
Sentence 1: A kilogram is a unit for measuring how heavy something is (its mass).
The tree, 13 words det nsubj cop det nsubj mark acl advmod amod obj cop punct nmod:poss punct punct root A DET kilogram NOUN is AUX a DET unit NOUN for SCONJ measuring VERB how ADV heavy ADJ something PRON is AUX ( PUNCT its PRON mass NOUN ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 kilogram det 2 kilogram kilogram NOUN Number=Sing 5 unit nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 unit cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 unit det 5 unit unit NOUN Number=Sing 14 mass nsubj 6 for for SCONJ _ 7 measuring mark 7 measuring measure VERB VerbForm=Ger 5 unit acl 8 how how ADV PronType=Int 9 heavy advmod 9 heavy heavy ADJ Degree=Pos 10 something amod 10 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 7 measuring obj 11 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 mass cop 12 ( ( PUNCT _ 14 mass punct 13 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 14 mass nmod:poss 14 mass mass NOUN Number=Sing root root 15 ) ) PUNCT _ 14 mass punct 16 . . PUNCT _ 14 mass punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a kilogram a unit tree rules 2 measure gerund a unit not said here something vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme something=Value 3 is a present a unit unit's mass tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: A bag of sugar often weighs one kilogram.
det nsubj case nmod advmod nummod obj punct root A DET bag NOUN of ADP sugar NOUN often ADV weighs VERB one NUM kilogram NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 bag det 2 bag bag NOUN Number=Sing 6 weighs nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 4 sugar case 4 sugar sugar NOUN Number=Sing 2 bag nmod 5 often often ADV _ 6 weighs advmod 6 weighs weigh VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 8 kilogram nummod 8 kilogram kilogram NOUN Number=Sing 6 weighs obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 weighs punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 weigh present a bag of sugar one kilogram often property vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme kilogram=Value
Meaning 2 A kilogram is 1000 grams.
det nsubj cop nummod punct root A DET kilogram NOUN is AUX 1000 NUM grams NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 kilogram det 2 kilogram kilogram NOUN Number=Sing 5 grams nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 grams cop 4 1000 1000 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 grams nummod 5 grams gram NOUN Number=Plur root root 6 . . PUNCT _ 5 grams punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a kilogram 1000 grams tree rules
Example 1 Apples cost 3 dollars a kilogram.
nsubj nummod obj det nmod:unmarked punct root Apples NOUN cost VERB 3 NUM dollars NOUN a DET kilogram NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Apples apple NOUN Number=Plur 2 cost nsubj 2 cost cost VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 dollars nummod 4 dollars dollar NOUN Number=Plur 2 cost obj 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 kilogram det 6 kilogram kilogram NOUN Number=Sing 4 dollars nmod:unmarked 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 cost punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cost present Apples 3 dollars a kilogram vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme dollar=Value
Example 2 The dog weighs 12 kilograms.
det nsubj nummod obj punct root The DET dog NOUN weighs VERB 12 NUM kilograms NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 dog det 2 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 3 weighs nsubj 3 weighs weigh VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 12 12 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 kilograms nummod 5 kilograms kilogram NOUN Number=Plur 3 weighs obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 weighs punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 weigh present the dog 12 kilograms vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme kilogram=Value
Example 3 She buys 2 kilograms of rice.
nsubj nummod obj case nmod punct root She PRON buys VERB 2 NUM kilograms NOUN of ADP rice NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 buys nsubj 2 buys buy VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 2 2 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 kilograms nummod 4 kilograms kilogram NOUN Number=Plur 2 buys obj 5 of of ADP _ 6 rice case 6 rice rice NOUN Number=Sing 4 kilograms nmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 buys punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 buy present She 2 kilograms of rice vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent kilogram=Theme
Example 4 How many grams are in 4 kilograms?
advmod amod nsubj cop case nummod punct root How ADV many ADJ grams NOUN are AUX in ADP 4 NUM kilograms NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 How how ADV PronType=Int 2 many advmod 2 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 3 grams amod 3 grams gram NOUN Number=Plur 7 kilograms nsubj 4 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 kilograms cop 5 in in ADP _ 7 kilograms case 6 4 4 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 7 kilograms nummod 7 kilograms kilogram NOUN Number=Plur root root 8 ? ? PUNCT _ 7 kilograms punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present many grams 4 kilograms tree rules
Example 5 A litre of water weighs about one kilogram.
det nsubj case nmod advmod nummod obj punct root A DET litre NOUN of ADP water NOUN weighs VERB about ADV one NUM kilogram NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 litre det 2 litre litre NOUN Number=Sing 5 weighs nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 4 water case 4 water water NOUN Number=Sing 2 litre nmod 5 weighs weigh VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 about about ADV _ 7 one advmod 7 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 8 kilogram nummod 8 kilogram kilogram NOUN Number=Sing 5 weighs obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 weighs punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 weigh present a litre of water one kilogram vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme kilogram=Value
Example 6 The baby weighed 3 kilograms when she was born.
det nsubj nummod obj advmod nsubj:pass aux:pass advcl punct root The DET baby NOUN weighed VERB 3 NUM kilograms NOUN when ADV she PRON was AUX born VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 baby det 2 baby baby NOUN Number=Sing 3 weighed nsubj 3 weighed weigh VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 kilograms nummod 5 kilograms kilogram NOUN Number=Plur 3 weighed obj 6 when when ADV PronType=Int 9 born advmod 7 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 born nsubj:pass 8 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 9 born aux:pass 9 born bear VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 weighed advcl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 weighed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 weigh past the baby 3 kilograms vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme kilogram=Value 2 bear past · passive baby vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
Example 7 Put the potatoes on the scales: 2.5 kg.
det obj case det obl punct nummod conj punct root Put VERB the DET potatoes NOUN on ADP the DET scales NOUN : PUNCT 2.5 NUM kg NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Put put VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 potatoes det 3 potatoes potato NOUN Number=Plur 1 Put obj 4 on on ADP _ 6 scales case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 scales det 6 scales scale NOUN Number=Plur 1 Put obl 7 : : PUNCT _ 9 kg punct 8 2.5 2.5 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 9 kg nummod 9 kg kg NOUN Number=Plur 6 scales conj 10 . . PUNCT _ 1 Put punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 put imperative you not said here the potatoes the scales and 2.5 kg vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent potato=Theme on scale=Destination
Example 8 Which is heavier, a kilogram of feathers or a kilogram of stones?
nsubj cop punct det obl case nmod cc det conj case nmod punct root Which PRON is AUX heavier ADJ , PUNCT a DET kilogram NOUN of ADP feathers NOUN or CCONJ a DET kilogram NOUN of ADP stones NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Which which PRON PronType=Rel 3 heavier nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 heavier cop 3 heavier heavy ADJ Degree=Cmp root root 4 , , PUNCT _ 6 kilogram punct 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 kilogram det 6 kilogram kilogram NOUN Number=Sing 3 heavier obl 7 of of ADP _ 8 feathers case 8 feathers feather NOUN Number=Plur 6 kilogram nmod 9 or or CCONJ _ 11 kilogram cc 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 kilogram det 11 kilogram kilogram NOUN Number=Sing 6 kilogram conj 12 of of ADP _ 13 stones case 13 stones stone NOUN Number=Plur 11 kilogram nmod 14 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 heavier punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present a kilogram of feathers or a kilogram of stones obl ; heavy property tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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