kwa Who acts: Kwa, countries, common little word, duck, Twi, Millions · What happens: be, speak, mean, not be, call, belong · To what, where: large family, languages, West Africa, Kwa languages, common little word, part · Speech: someone speaks here
«kwa» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: kwa in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Kwa is a large family of languages spoken in West Africa, in countries such as Ghana, Togo, Benin, Côte d'Ivoire and Nigeria; Akan (Twi), Ewe and Fon are Kwa languages.
The tree, 30 words nsubj cop det amod case nmod acl case compound obl punct case nsubj case fixed nmod punct conj punct conj punct compound conj cc conj punct conj punct appos punct punct conj cc conj cop compound parataxis punct root Kwa PROPN is AUX a DET large ADJ family NOUN of ADP languages NOUN spoken VERB in ADP West PROPN Africa PROPN , PUNCT in ADP countries NOUN such ADJ as ADP Ghana PROPN , PUNCT Togo PROPN , PUNCT Benin PROPN , PUNCT Côte PROPN d'Ivoire PROPN and CCONJ Nigeria PROPN ; PUNCT Akan PROPN ( PUNCT Twi PROPN ) PUNCT , PUNCT Ewe PROPN and CCONJ Fon PROPN are AUX Kwa PROPN languages NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Kwa Kwa PROPN Number=Sing 5 family nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 family cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 family det 4 large large ADJ Degree=Pos 5 family amod 5 family family NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of ADP _ 7 languages case 7 languages language NOUN Number=Plur 5 family nmod 8 spoken speak VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 languages acl 9 in in ADP _ 11 Africa case 10 West West PROPN Number=Sing 11 Africa compound 11 Africa Africa PROPN Number=Sing 8 spoken obl 12 , , PUNCT _ 14 countries punct 13 in in ADP _ 14 countries case 14 countries country NOUN Number=Plur 38 languages nsubj 15 such such ADJ Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP 17 Ghana case 16 as as ADP _ 15 such fixed 17 Ghana Ghana PROPN Number=Sing 14 countries nmod 18 , , PUNCT _ 19 Togo punct 19 Togo Togo PROPN Number=Sing 17 Ghana conj 20 , , PUNCT _ 21 Benin punct 21 Benin Benin PROPN Number=Sing 17 Ghana conj 22 , , PUNCT _ 24 d'Ivoire punct 23 Côte Côte PROPN Number=Sing 24 d'Ivoire compound 24 d'Ivoire d'Ivoire PROPN Number=Sing 17 Ghana conj 25 and and CCONJ _ 26 Nigeria cc 26 Nigeria Nigeria PROPN Number=Sing 24 d'Ivoire conj 27 ; ; PUNCT _ 28 Akan punct 28 Akan Akan PROPN Number=Sing 17 Ghana conj 29 ( ( PUNCT _ 30 Twi punct 30 Twi Twi PROPN Number=Sing 28 Akan appos 31 ) ) PUNCT _ 30 Twi punct 32 , , PUNCT _ 33 Ewe punct 33 Ewe Ewe PROPN Number=Sing 17 Ghana conj 34 and and CCONJ _ 35 Fon cc 35 Fon Fon PROPN Number=Sing 17 Ghana conj 36 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 38 languages cop 37 Kwa Kwa PROPN Number=Sing 38 languages compound 38 languages language NOUN Number=Plur 8 spoken parataxis 39 . . PUNCT _ 5 family punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Kwa a large family of languages tree rules 2 speak speech: other participle languages not said here West Africa vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 is a present countries such Ghana and Togo and Benin and Côte d'Ivoire and Nigeria and Akan and Ewe and Fon Kwa languages tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: Swahili — kept apart, not parsed.
«Kwa» is a common little word meaning «for», «to», «with» or «by», as in «kwa heri» (goodbye).
The tree, 17 words punct nsubj punct cop det amod amod acl punct ccomp punct punct punct nmod punct punct punct nmod punct cc punct conj punct punct case case punct compound conj punct punct appos punct punct root « PUNCT Kwa PROPN » PUNCT is AUX a DET common ADJ little ADJ word NOUN meaning VERB « PUNCT for ADP » PUNCT , PUNCT « PUNCT to PART » PUNCT , PUNCT « PUNCT with ADP » PUNCT or CCONJ « PUNCT by ADP » PUNCT , PUNCT as ADP in ADP « PUNCT kwa NOUN heri NOUN » PUNCT ( PUNCT goodbye NOUN ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 Kwa punct 2 Kwa Kwa PROPN Number=Sing 8 word nsubj 3 » » PUNCT _ 2 Kwa punct 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 word cop 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 word det 6 common common ADJ Degree=Pos 8 word amod 7 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 8 word amod 8 word word NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 meaning mean VERB VerbForm=Ger 8 word acl 10 « « PUNCT _ 11 for punct 11 for for ADP _ 9 meaning ccomp 12 » » PUNCT _ 11 for punct 13 , , PUNCT _ 15 to punct 14 « « PUNCT _ 15 to punct 15 to to PART _ 8 word nmod 16 » » PUNCT _ 15 to punct 17 , , PUNCT _ 19 with punct 18 « « PUNCT _ 19 with punct 19 with with ADP _ 8 word nmod 20 » » PUNCT _ 19 with punct 21 or or CCONJ _ 23 by cc 22 « « PUNCT _ 23 by punct 23 by by ADP _ 19 with conj 24 » » PUNCT _ 19 with punct 25 , , PUNCT _ 30 heri punct 26 as as ADP _ 30 heri case 27 in in ADP _ 30 heri case 28 « « PUNCT _ 30 heri punct 29 kwa kwa NOUN Number=Sing 30 heri compound 30 heri heri NOUN Number=Sing 8 word conj 31 » » PUNCT _ 30 heri punct 32 ( ( PUNCT _ 33 goodbye punct 33 goodbye goodbye NOUN Number=Sing 30 heri appos 34 ) ) PUNCT _ 33 goodbye punct 35 . . PUNCT _ 8 word punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Kwa a common little word and kwa heri tree rules 2 mean gerund a common little word and kwa heri not said here vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
Meaning 3 As a fragment, «kwa» may be part of a longer word or a sound effect, like a duck's or frog's call; it is not an English word.
The tree, 29 words case det obl punct punct nsubj punct aux cop case det amod nmod cc det compound conj punct case det nmod:poss case cc compound case appos punct nsubj cop advmod det amod conj punct root As ADP a DET fragment NOUN , PUNCT « PUNCT kwa NOUN » PUNCT may AUX be AUX part NOUN of ADP a DET longer ADJ word NOUN or CCONJ a DET sound NOUN effect NOUN , PUNCT like ADP a DET duck NOUN 's PART or CCONJ frog NOUN 's PART call NOUN ; PUNCT it PRON is AUX not PART an DET English ADJ word NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 As as ADP _ 3 fragment case 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 fragment det 3 fragment fragment NOUN Number=Sing 10 part obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 fragment punct 5 « « PUNCT _ 6 kwa punct 6 kwa kwa NOUN Number=Sing 10 part nsubj 7 » » PUNCT _ 6 kwa punct 8 may may AUX VerbForm=Fin 10 part aux 9 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 10 part cop 10 part part NOUN Number=Sing root root 11 of of ADP _ 14 word case 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 word det 13 longer long ADJ Degree=Cmp 14 word amod 14 word word NOUN Number=Sing 10 part nmod 15 or or CCONJ _ 18 effect cc 16 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 18 effect det 17 sound sound NOUN Number=Sing 18 effect compound 18 effect effect NOUN Number=Sing 14 word conj 19 , , PUNCT _ 27 call punct 20 like like ADP _ 27 call case 21 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 22 duck det 22 duck duck NOUN Number=Sing 27 call nmod:poss 23 's 's PART _ 22 duck case 24 or or CCONJ _ 25 frog cc 25 frog frog NOUN Number=Sing 27 call compound 26 's 's PART _ 25 frog case 27 call call NOUN Number=Sing 14 word appos 28 ; ; PUNCT _ 34 word punct 29 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 34 word nsubj 30 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 34 word cop 31 not not PART Polarity=Neg 34 word advmod 32 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 34 word det 33 English English ADJ Degree=Pos 34 word amod 34 word word NOUN Number=Sing 10 part conj 35 . . PUNCT _ 10 part punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a may kwa part and a English word as a fragment; of a longer word or a sound effect tree rules 2 not is a present kwa a English word tree rules 3 call a duck nom call «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Example 1 Twi and Ewe belong to the Kwa languages of West Africa.
nsubj cc conj case det compound obl case compound nmod punct root Twi PROPN and CCONJ Ewe PROPN belong VERB to ADP the DET Kwa PROPN languages NOUN of ADP West PROPN Africa PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Twi Twi PROPN Number=Sing 4 belong nsubj 2 and and CCONJ _ 3 Ewe cc 3 Ewe Ewe PROPN Number=Sing 1 Twi conj 4 belong belong VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 to to ADP _ 8 languages case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 languages det 7 Kwa Kwa PROPN Number=Sing 8 languages compound 8 languages language NOUN Number=Plur 4 belong obl 9 of of ADP _ 11 Africa case 10 West West PROPN Number=Sing 11 Africa compound 11 Africa Africa PROPN Number=Sing 8 languages nmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 4 belong punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 belong present Twi and Ewe to the Kwa languages of West Africa vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme
Example 2 Millions of people in Ghana speak a Kwa language.
nsubj case nmod case nmod det compound obj punct root Millions NOUN of ADP people NOUN in ADP Ghana PROPN speak VERB a DET Kwa PROPN language NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Millions million NOUN Number=Plur 6 speak nsubj 2 of of ADP _ 3 people case 3 people people NOUN Number=Plur 1 Millions nmod 4 in in ADP _ 5 Ghana case 5 Ghana Ghana PROPN Number=Sing 3 people nmod 6 speak speak VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 language det 8 Kwa Kwa PROPN Number=Sing 9 language compound 9 language language NOUN Number=Sing 6 speak obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 6 speak punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 speak speech: other present Millions of people in Ghana a Kwa language tree rules
Example 3 «Kwa heri!» means «Goodbye!» in Swahili.
punct nsubj flat punct punct punct parataxis punct punct case nmod punct root « PUNCT Kwa PROPN heri NOUN ! PUNCT » PUNCT means VERB « PUNCT Goodbye INTJ ! PUNCT » PUNCT in ADP Swahili PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 Kwa punct 2 Kwa Kwa PROPN Number=Sing 6 means nsubj 3 heri heri NOUN Number=Sing 2 Kwa flat 4 ! ! PUNCT _ 2 Kwa punct 5 » » PUNCT _ 2 Kwa punct 6 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 « « PUNCT _ 8 Goodbye punct 8 Goodbye goodbye INTJ _ 6 means parataxis 9 ! ! PUNCT _ 8 Goodbye punct 10 » » PUNCT _ 8 Goodbye punct 11 in in ADP _ 12 Swahili case 12 Swahili Swahili PROPN Number=Sing 8 Goodbye nmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 6 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Kwa vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
Example 4 Linguists group Ewe and Fon in the Kwa family.
compound nmod:desc cc conj case det compound nmod punct root Linguists NOUN group NOUN Ewe PROPN and CCONJ Fon PROPN in ADP the DET Kwa PROPN family NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Linguists linguist NOUN Number=Plur 2 group compound 2 group group NOUN Number=Sing 3 Ewe nmod:desc 3 Ewe Ewe PROPN Number=Sing root root 4 and and CCONJ _ 5 Fon cc 5 Fon Fon PROPN Number=Sing 3 Ewe conj 6 in in ADP _ 9 family case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 family det 8 Kwa Kwa PROPN Number=Sing 9 family compound 9 family family NOUN Number=Sing 3 Ewe nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 Ewe punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 5 The comic showed a frog going «kwa kwa».
det nsubj det obj acl punct compound xcomp punct punct root The DET comic NOUN showed VERB a DET frog NOUN going VERB « PUNCT kwa NOUN kwa NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 comic det 2 comic comic NOUN Number=Sing 3 showed nsubj 3 showed show VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 frog det 5 frog frog NOUN Number=Sing 3 showed obj 6 going go VERB VerbForm=Ger 5 frog acl 7 « « PUNCT _ 9 kwa punct 8 kwa kwa NOUN Number=Sing 9 kwa compound 9 kwa kwa NOUN Number=Sing 6 going xcomp 10 » » PUNCT _ 9 kwa punct 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 showed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 show past the comic a frog vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent frog=Recipient 2 go gerund a frog not said here kwa kwa vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 6 Kwa is not an English word; it is a name for a language group.
The tree, 14 words nsubj cop advmod det amod punct nsubj cop det appos case det compound nmod punct root Kwa PROPN is AUX not PART an DET English ADJ word NOUN ; PUNCT it PRON is AUX a DET name NOUN for ADP a DET language NOUN group NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Kwa Kwa PROPN Number=Sing 6 word nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 word cop 3 not not PART Polarity=Neg 6 word advmod 4 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 word det 5 English English ADJ Degree=Pos 6 word amod 6 word word NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 ; ; PUNCT _ 11 name punct 8 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 name nsubj 9 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 name cop 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 name det 11 name name NOUN Number=Sing 6 word appos 12 for for ADP _ 15 group case 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 group det 14 language language NOUN Number=Sing 15 group compound 15 group group NOUN Number=Sing 11 name nmod 16 . . PUNCT _ 6 word punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not is a present Kwa a English word tree rules 2 is a present word a name for a language group tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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