lack Who acts: lack, He, team, class, she, plants · What happens: lack, mean, not have, buy, have, die · To what, where: something, enough, lack, sleep, water, book · Speech: someone speaks here
«lack» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: lack in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To lack means not to have something, or not to have enough of it.
The tree, 14 words mark csubj advmod mark ccomp obj punct cc advmod mark conj obj case nmod punct root To PART lack VERB means VERB not PART to PART have VERB something PRON , PUNCT or CCONJ not PART to PART have VERB enough ADJ of ADP it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 lack mark 2 lack lack VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 means csubj 3 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 not not PART Polarity=Neg 6 have advmod 5 to to PART _ 6 have mark 6 have have VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 means ccomp 7 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 6 have obj 8 , , PUNCT _ 12 have punct 9 or or CCONJ _ 12 have cc 10 not not PART Polarity=Neg 12 have advmod 11 to to PART _ 12 have mark 12 have have VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 have conj 13 enough enough ADJ Degree=Pos 12 have obj 14 of of ADP _ 15 it case 15 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 13 enough nmod 16 . . PUNCT _ 3 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lack to-infinitive tree rules 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 not have not said to happen to-infinitive something vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Patient 4 not have to-infinitive enough of it vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent enough=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A lack is not having enough: a lack of sleep, a lack of water.
The tree, 14 words det nsubj aux advmod advmod punct det obl case nmod punct det conj case nmod punct root A DET lack NOUN is AUX not PART having VERB enough ADV : PUNCT a DET lack NOUN of ADP sleep NOUN , PUNCT a DET lack NOUN of ADP water NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 lack det 2 lack lack NOUN Number=Sing 5 having nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 having aux 4 not not PART Polarity=Neg 5 having advmod 5 having have VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 6 enough enough ADV _ 5 having advmod 7 : : PUNCT _ 9 lack punct 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 lack det 9 lack lack NOUN Number=Sing 5 having obl 10 of of ADP _ 11 sleep case 11 sleep sleep NOUN Number=Sing 9 lack nmod 12 , , PUNCT _ 14 lack punct 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 lack det 14 lack lack NOUN Number=Sing 9 lack conj 15 of of ADP _ 16 water case 16 water water NOUN Number=Sing 14 lack nmod 17 . . PUNCT _ 5 having punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not have present · progressive a lack a lack of sleep and a lack of water enough property vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 2 lack sleep nom lack «state transitive»: of=patient 3 lack water nom lack «state transitive»: of=patient
Example 1 He lacks $3 to buy the book.
nsubj obj nummod mark advcl det obj punct root He PRON lacks VERB $ SYM 3 NUM to PART buy VERB the DET book NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 lacks nsubj 2 lacks lack VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 $ $ SYM _ 2 lacks obj 4 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 3 $ nummod 5 to to PART _ 6 buy mark 6 buy buy VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 lacks advcl 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 book det 8 book book NOUN Number=Sing 6 buy obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 lacks punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lack present He tree rules 2 buy to-infinitive He not said here the book vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent book=Theme
Example 2 The team lacks 2 players.
det nsubj nummod obj punct root The DET team NOUN lacks VERB 2 NUM players NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 team det 2 team team NOUN Number=Sing 3 lacks nsubj 3 lacks lack VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 2 2 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 players nummod 5 players player NOUN Number=Plur 3 lacks obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 lacks punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lack present the team 2 players tree rules
Example 3 The class lacks 5 chairs.
det nsubj nummod obj punct root The DET class NOUN lacks VERB 5 NUM chairs NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 class det 2 class class NOUN Number=Sing 3 lacks nsubj 3 lacks lack VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 5 5 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 chairs nummod 5 chairs chair NOUN Number=Plur 3 lacks obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 lacks punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lack present the class 5 chairs tree rules
Example 4 How much does she lack to have 50?
advmod obj aux nsubj mark xcomp obj punct root How ADV much ADJ does AUX she PRON lack VERB to PART have VERB 50 NUM ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 How how ADV PronType=Int 2 much advmod 2 much much ADJ Degree=Pos 5 lack obj 3 does do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 lack aux 4 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 lack nsubj 5 lack lack VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 to to PART _ 7 have mark 7 have have VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 lack xcomp 8 50 50 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 7 have obj 9 ? ? PUNCT _ 5 lack punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lack present · do-support she much tree rules 2 have to-infinitive she not said here 50 vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 50=Patient
Example 5 The plants died from a lack of water.
det nsubj case det obl case nmod punct root The DET plants NOUN died VERB from ADP a DET lack NOUN of ADP water NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 plants det 2 plants plant NOUN Number=Plur 3 died nsubj 3 died die VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 from from ADP _ 6 lack case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 lack det 6 lack lack NOUN Number=Sing 3 died obl 7 of of ADP _ 8 water case 8 water water NOUN Number=Sing 6 lack nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 died punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 die past the plants a lack of water vn die-42.4-1 «NP V PP.cause»: agent=Patient from lack=Causer 2 lack water nom lack «state transitive»: of=patient
Example 6 A lack of sleep makes it hard to think.
det nsubj case nmod obj xcomp mark xcomp punct root A DET lack NOUN of ADP sleep NOUN makes VERB it PRON hard ADJ to PART think VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 lack det 2 lack lack NOUN Number=Sing 5 makes nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 4 sleep case 4 sleep sleep NOUN Number=Sing 2 lack nmod 5 makes make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 makes obj 7 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 5 makes xcomp 8 to to PART _ 9 think mark 9 think think VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 hard xcomp 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 makes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make present a lack of sleep sleep hard property vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product 2 think speech: other to-infinitive sleep not said here vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 lack sleep nom lack «state transitive»: of=patient
Example 7 The town lacks a swimming pool.
det nsubj det compound obj punct root The DET town NOUN lacks VERB a DET swimming NOUN pool NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 town det 2 town town NOUN Number=Sing 3 lacks nsubj 3 lacks lack VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 pool det 5 swimming swimming NOUN Number=Sing 6 pool compound 6 pool pool NOUN Number=Sing 3 lacks obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 lacks punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lack present the town a swimming pool tree rules
Example 8 The game was stopped for lack of light.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl case nmod punct root The DET game NOUN was AUX stopped VERB for ADP lack NOUN of ADP light NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 game det 2 game game NOUN Number=Sing 4 stopped nsubj:pass 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 stopped aux:pass 4 stopped stop VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 for for ADP _ 6 lack case 6 lack lack NOUN Number=Sing 4 stopped obl 7 of of ADP _ 8 light case 8 light light NOUN Number=Sing 6 lack nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 stopped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stop past · passive the game for lack of light vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: subject=Eventuality 2 lack light nom lack «state transitive»: of=patient
Example 9 There was no lack of society at our home.
expl det nsubj case nmod case nmod:poss nmod punct root There PRON was VERB no DET lack NOUN of ADP society NOUN at ADP our PRON home NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 There there PRON PronType=Dem 2 was expl 2 was be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 no no DET PronType=Neg 4 lack det 4 lack lack NOUN Number=Sing 2 was nsubj 5 of of ADP _ 6 society case 6 society society NOUN Number=Sing 4 lack nmod 7 at at ADP _ 9 home case 8 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 home nmod:poss 9 home home NOUN Number=Sing 6 society nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 was punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 be past no lack of society at our home there vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 lack society at our home nom lack «state transitive»: of=patient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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