laughing Who acts: something, Laughing, children, We, you, it · What happens: laugh, mean, make, be, share, not stop · To what, where: happy sounds, someone, fun, clown, joke, sausage · Speech: someone speaks here
«laughing» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: laughing in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Laughing means making happy sounds with your voice and face when something is funny.
The tree, 14 words nsubj xcomp amod obj case nmod:poss obl cc conj mark nsubj cop xcomp punct root Laughing VERB means VERB making VERB happy ADJ sounds NOUN with ADP your PRON voice NOUN and CCONJ face NOUN when SCONJ something PRON is AUX funny ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Laughing laugh VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 making make VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 means xcomp 4 happy happy ADJ Degree=Pos 5 sounds amod 5 sounds sound NOUN Number=Plur 3 making obj 6 with with ADP _ 8 voice case 7 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 voice nmod:poss 8 voice voice NOUN Number=Sing 3 making obl 9 and and CCONJ _ 10 face cc 10 face face NOUN Number=Sing 8 voice conj 11 when when SCONJ _ 14 funny mark 12 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 14 funny nsubj 13 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 funny cop 14 funny funny ADJ Degree=Pos 3 making xcomp 15 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 laugh gerund vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 make not said to happen gerund happy sounds with your voice and face vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset sound=Product 4 is not said to happen present something funny property tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Laughing at someone means making fun of them unkindly.
csubj case obl xcomp obj case nmod advmod punct root Laughing VERB at ADP someone PRON means VERB making VERB fun NOUN of ADP them PRON unkindly ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Laughing laugh VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 means csubj 2 at at ADP _ 3 someone case 3 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 1 Laughing obl 4 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 making make VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 means xcomp 6 fun fun NOUN Number=Sing 5 making obj 7 of of ADP _ 8 them case 8 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 fun nmod 9 unkindly unkindly ADV _ 5 making advmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 laugh gerund someone vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 mean present Laughing vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 make not said to happen gerund Laughing not said here fun of them unkindly property vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset fun=Product
Meaning 3 Laughing with someone means sharing the fun together.
csubj case obl xcomp det obj advmod punct root Laughing VERB with ADP someone PRON means VERB sharing VERB the DET fun NOUN together ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Laughing laugh VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 means csubj 2 with with ADP _ 3 someone case 3 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 1 Laughing obl 4 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 sharing share VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 means xcomp 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 fun det 7 fun fun NOUN Number=Sing 5 sharing obj 8 together together ADV _ 5 sharing advmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 laugh gerund with someone vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 mean present Laughing vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 share not said to happen gerund Laughing not said here the fun together property tree rules
Example 1 The children were laughing at the clown.
det nsubj aux case det obl punct root The DET children NOUN were AUX laughing VERB at ADP the DET clown NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 children det 2 children child NOUN Number=Plur 4 laughing nsubj 3 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 laughing aux 4 laughing laugh VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 5 at at ADP _ 7 clown case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 clown det 7 clown clown NOUN Number=Sing 4 laughing obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 laughing punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 laugh past · progressive the children the clown vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 2 We couldn't stop laughing at the joke.
nsubj aux advmod xcomp case det obl punct root We PRON could AUX n't PART stop VERB laughing VERB at ADP the DET joke NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 stop nsubj 2 could could AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 stop aux 3 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 4 stop advmod 4 stop stop VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 laughing laugh VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 stop xcomp 6 at at ADP _ 8 joke case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 joke det 8 joke joke NOUN Number=Sing 5 laughing obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 stop punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not stop could We vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality 2 laugh gerund We not said here the joke vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 3 Stop laughing at him; it isn't kind.
xcomp case obl punct nsubj cop advmod conj punct root Stop VERB laughing VERB at ADP him PRON ; PUNCT it PRON is AUX n't PART kind ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Stop stop VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 laughing laugh VERB VerbForm=Ger 1 Stop xcomp 3 at at ADP _ 4 him case 4 him he PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 laughing obl 5 ; ; PUNCT _ 9 kind punct 6 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 kind nsubj 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 kind cop 8 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 9 kind advmod 9 kind kind ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Stop conj 10 . . PUNCT _ 1 Stop punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stop imperative you not said here vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality 2 laugh gerund you not said here at him = he vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 not is present it kind property tree rules
Example 4 She was laughing so hard she cried.
nsubj aux advmod advmod nsubj advcl punct root She PRON was AUX laughing VERB so ADV hard ADV she PRON cried VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 laughing nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 laughing aux 3 laughing laugh VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 so so ADV _ 5 hard advmod 5 hard hard ADV Degree=Pos 3 laughing advmod 6 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 cried nsubj 7 cried cry VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 hard advcl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 laughing punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 laugh past · progressive She hard property vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 cry speech: express past she vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 5 He burst out laughing when the dog stole the sausage.
nsubj compound:prt advcl advmod det nsubj advcl det obj punct root He PRON burst VERB out ADP laughing VERB when ADV the DET dog NOUN stole VERB the DET sausage NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 burst nsubj 2 burst burst VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 out out ADP _ 2 burst compound:prt 4 laughing laugh VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 burst advcl 5 when when ADV PronType=Int 8 stole advmod 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 dog det 7 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 8 stole nsubj 8 stole steal VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 laughing advcl 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 sausage det 10 sausage sausage NOUN Number=Sing 8 stole obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 burst punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 burst out past He vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 laugh gerund He not said here vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 steal past the dog the sausage vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location sausage=Theme
Example 6 Being lost is no laughing matter.
aux:pass csubj cop det amod punct root Being AUX lost VERB is AUX no DET laughing VERB matter NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Being be AUX Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 2 lost aux:pass 2 lost lose VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 matter csubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 matter cop 4 no no DET PronType=Neg 6 matter det 5 laughing laugh VERB VerbForm=Ger 6 matter amod 6 matter matter NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 matter punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lose gerund · passive vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V» 2 laugh gerund vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 is a present no laughing matter tree rules
Example 7 The kookaburra sounds like it's laughing.
det nsubj mark nsubj aux advcl punct root The DET kookaburra NOUN sounds VERB like SCONJ it PRON 's AUX laughing VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 kookaburra det 2 kookaburra kookaburra NOUN Number=Sing 3 sounds nsubj 3 sounds sound VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 like like SCONJ _ 7 laughing mark 5 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 laughing nsubj 6 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 laughing aux 7 laughing laugh VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 3 sounds advcl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 sounds punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sound present the kookaburra vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus 2 laugh present · progressive kookaburra vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 8 We were laughing with each other all evening.
nsubj aux case det amod det obl punct root We PRON were AUX laughing VERB with ADP each DET other ADJ all DET evening NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 laughing nsubj 2 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 laughing aux 3 laughing laugh VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 with with ADP _ 8 evening case 5 each each DET PronType=Tot 8 evening det 6 other other ADJ Degree=Pos 8 evening amod 7 all all DET PronType=Tot 8 evening det 8 evening evening NOUN Number=Sing 3 laughing obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 laughing punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 laugh past · progressive We evening vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 9 “I am laughing at your lies.”
punct nsubj aux case nmod:poss obl punct punct root “ PUNCT I PRON am AUX laughing VERB at ADP your PRON lies NOUN . PUNCT ” PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 “ " PUNCT _ 4 laughing punct 2 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 laughing nsubj 3 am be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 laughing aux 4 laughing laugh VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 5 at at ADP _ 7 lies case 6 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 lies nmod:poss 7 lies lie NOUN Number=Plur 4 laughing obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 laughing punct 9 ” " PUNCT _ 4 laughing punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 laugh in a quote present · progressive I your lies vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 lie in a quote your nom lie «communication intransitive»: poss=agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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