law Who acts: law, everyone, rule, people, It, wearing · What happens: be, make, follow, mean, seem, study · To what, where: rule, all, subject, lawyers, seat belt, many countries · Speech: someone speaks here
«law» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: law in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A law is a rule made by a government that everyone in a country or place must follow.
The tree, 18 words det nsubj cop det acl case det obl:agent mark nsubj case det nmod cc conj aux advcl punct root A DET law NOUN is AUX a DET rule NOUN made VERB by ADP a DET government NOUN that SCONJ everyone PRON in ADP a DET country NOUN or CCONJ place NOUN must AUX follow VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 law det 2 law law NOUN Number=Sing 5 rule nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 rule cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 rule det 5 rule rule NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 rule acl 7 by by ADP _ 9 government case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 government det 9 government government NOUN Number=Sing 6 made obl:agent 10 that that SCONJ _ 18 follow mark 11 everyone everyone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Tot 18 follow nsubj 12 in in ADP _ 14 country case 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 country det 14 country country NOUN Number=Sing 11 everyone nmod 15 or or CCONJ _ 16 place cc 16 place place NOUN Number=Sing 14 country conj 17 must must AUX VerbForm=Fin 18 follow aux 18 follow follow VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 made advcl 19 . . PUNCT _ 5 rule punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a law a rule tree rules 2 make participle a rule not said here vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset 3 follow must everyone vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 The law means all of these rules together, and the system of police and courts.
The tree, 15 words det nsubj obj case det nmod advmod punct cc det parataxis case nmod cc conj punct root The DET law NOUN means VERB all DET of ADP these DET rules NOUN together ADV , PUNCT and CCONJ the DET system NOUN of ADP police NOUN and CCONJ courts NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 law det 2 law law NOUN Number=Sing 3 means nsubj 3 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 all all DET PronType=Tot 3 means obj 5 of of ADP _ 7 rules case 6 these this DET Number=Plur PronType=Dem 7 rules det 7 rules rule NOUN Number=Plur 4 all nmod 8 together together ADV _ 4 all advmod 9 , , PUNCT _ 12 system punct 10 and and CCONJ _ 12 system cc 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 system det 12 system system NOUN Number=Sing 3 means parataxis 13 of of ADP _ 14 police case 14 police police NOUN Number=Plur 12 system nmod 15 and and CCONJ _ 16 courts cc 16 courts court NOUN Number=Plur 12 system conj 17 . . PUNCT _ 3 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present the law all vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent all=Topic
Meaning 3 A law of science (or of nature) is a rule that always seems to be true, such as the law of gravity.
The tree, 22 words det nsubj case nmod punct cc case appos punct cop det nsubj advmod acl:relcl mark cop xcomp punct case fixed det conj case nmod punct root A DET law NOUN of ADP science NOUN ( PUNCT or CCONJ of ADP nature NOUN ) PUNCT is AUX a DET rule NOUN that PRON always ADV seems VERB to PART be AUX true ADJ , PUNCT such ADJ as ADP the DET law NOUN of ADP gravity NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 law det 2 law law NOUN Number=Sing 12 rule nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 4 science case 4 science science NOUN Number=Sing 2 law nmod 5 ( ( PUNCT _ 8 nature punct 6 or or CCONJ _ 8 nature cc 7 of of ADP _ 8 nature case 8 nature nature NOUN Number=Sing 4 science appos 9 ) ) PUNCT _ 8 nature punct 10 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 rule cop 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 rule det 12 rule rule NOUN Number=Sing root root 13 that that PRON PronType=Rel 15 seems nsubj 14 always always ADV PronType=Tot 15 seems advmod 15 seems seem VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 rule acl:relcl 16 to to PART _ 18 true mark 17 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 18 true cop 18 true true ADJ Degree=Pos 15 seems xcomp 19 , , PUNCT _ 23 law punct 20 such such ADJ Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP 23 law case 21 as as ADP _ 20 such fixed 22 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 23 law det 23 law law NOUN Number=Sing 18 true conj 24 of of ADP _ 25 gravity case 25 gravity gravity NOUN Number=Sing 23 law nmod 26 . . PUNCT _ 12 rule punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a law of science a rule tree rules 2 seem present a rule always property vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme 3 is to-infinitive a rule not said here true property tree rules
Meaning 4 Law is also the subject people study to become lawyers.
nsubj cop advmod det nsubj acl:relcl mark xcomp xcomp punct root Law NOUN is AUX also ADV the DET subject NOUN people NOUN study VERB to PART become VERB lawyers NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Law law NOUN Number=Sing 5 subject nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 subject cop 3 also also ADV _ 5 subject advmod 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 subject det 5 subject subject NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 people people NOUN Number=Plur 7 study nsubj 7 study study VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 subject acl:relcl 8 to to PART _ 9 become mark 9 become become VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 study xcomp 10 lawyers lawyer NOUN Number=Plur 9 become xcomp 11 . . PUNCT _ 5 subject punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Law the subject tree rules 2 study present people the subject not said here tree rules 3 become to-infinitive people not said here lawyers vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient
Example 1 It is against the law to steal.
nsubj cop case det mark acl punct root It PRON is AUX against ADP the DET law NOUN to PART steal VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 law nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 law cop 3 against against ADP _ 5 law case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 law det 5 law law NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 to to PART _ 7 steal mark 7 steal steal VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 law acl 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 law punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present It against the law tree rules 2 steal to-infinitive vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 2 In many countries, wearing a seat belt is the law.
case amod obl punct csubj det compound obj cop det punct root In ADP many ADJ countries NOUN , PUNCT wearing VERB a DET seat NOUN belt NOUN is AUX the DET law NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 countries case 2 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 3 countries amod 3 countries country NOUN Number=Plur 5 wearing obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 countries punct 5 wearing wear VERB VerbForm=Ger 11 law csubj 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 belt det 7 seat seat NOUN Number=Sing 8 belt compound 8 belt belt NOUN Number=Sing 5 wearing obj 9 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 law cop 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 law det 11 law law NOUN Number=Sing root root 12 . . PUNCT _ 11 law punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wear gerund a seat belt many countries vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent belt=Theme 2 is a present wearing the law tree rules
Example 3 People who break the law may have to pay a fine.
nsubj nsubj acl:relcl det obj aux mark xcomp det obj punct root People NOUN who PRON break VERB the DET law NOUN may AUX have VERB to PART pay VERB a DET fine NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 People people NOUN Number=Plur 7 have nsubj 2 who who PRON PronType=Rel 3 break nsubj 3 break break VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 People acl:relcl 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 law det 5 law law NOUN Number=Sing 3 break obj 6 may may AUX VerbForm=Fin 7 have aux 7 have have VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 8 to to PART _ 9 pay mark 9 pay pay VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 have xcomp 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 fine det 11 fine fine NOUN Number=Sing 9 pay obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 7 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 break present People the law vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer law=Patient 2 have may People tree rules 3 pay to-infinitive People not said here a fine vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fine=Asset
Example 4 Laws are made by the government.
nsubj:pass aux:pass case det obl:agent punct root Laws NOUN are AUX made VERB by ADP the DET government NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Laws law NOUN Number=Plur 3 made nsubj:pass 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 made aux:pass 3 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 by by ADP _ 6 government case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 government det 6 government government NOUN Number=Sing 3 made obl:agent 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make present · passive the government Laws vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset subject=Product
Example 5 The police help to keep the law.
det nsubj mark xcomp det obj punct root The DET police NOUN help VERB to PART keep VERB the DET law NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 police det 2 police police NOUN Number=Plur 3 help nsubj 3 help help VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to PART _ 5 keep mark 5 keep keep VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 help xcomp 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 law det 7 law law NOUN Number=Sing 5 keep obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 help punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 help present the police vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme 2 keep to-infinitive the police not said here the law vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent law=Theme
Example 6 The law of gravity explains why things fall down.
det nsubj case nmod advmod nsubj ccomp compound:prt punct root The DET law NOUN of ADP gravity NOUN explains VERB why ADV things NOUN fall VERB down ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 law det 2 law law NOUN Number=Sing 5 explains nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 4 gravity case 4 gravity gravity NOUN Number=Sing 2 law nmod 5 explains explain VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 why why ADV PronType=Int 8 fall advmod 7 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 8 fall nsubj 8 fall fall VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 explains ccomp 9 down down ADP _ 8 fall compound:prt 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 explains punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 explain speech: assert present the law of gravity vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 fall down present things vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 7 My aunt studied law at university.
nmod:poss nsubj obj case obl punct root My PRON aunt NOUN studied VERB law NOUN at ADP university NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 aunt nmod:poss 2 aunt aunt NOUN Number=Sing 3 studied nsubj 3 studied study VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 law law NOUN Number=Sing 3 studied obj 5 at at ADP _ 6 university case 6 university university NOUN Number=Sing 3 studied obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 studied punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 study past My aunt law university vn learn-14-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent law=Topic
Example 8 By law, children must go to school.
case obl punct nsubj aux case obl punct root By ADP law NOUN , PUNCT children NOUN must AUX go VERB to ADP school NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 By by ADP _ 2 law case 2 law law NOUN Number=Sing 6 go obl 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 law punct 4 children child NOUN Number=Plur 6 go nsubj 5 must must AUX VerbForm=Fin 6 go aux 6 go go VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 7 to to ADP _ 8 school case 8 school school NOUN Number=Sing 6 go obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 go punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go must children school by law vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to school=Initial_Location
Example 9 The laws of nature are unchangeable.
det nsubj case nmod cop punct root The DET laws NOUN of ADP nature NOUN are AUX unchangeable ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 laws det 2 laws law NOUN Number=Plur 6 unchangeable nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 4 nature case 4 nature nature NOUN Number=Sing 2 laws nmod 5 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 unchangeable cop 6 unchangeable unchangeable ADJ Degree=Pos root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 unchangeable punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present the laws of nature unchangeable property tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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