leather Who acts: Leather, Grandpa · What happens: be, make, treat, not rot, use, come · To what, where: strong material, skin, cows, school shoes, saddle, old bound book
«leather» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: leather in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Leather is a strong material made from the skin of animals such as cows, treated so it does not rot, used for shoes, bags, belts, jackets and balls.
The tree, 28 words nsubj cop det amod acl case det obl case nmod case fixed nmod punct acl mark nsubj aux advmod advcl punct acl case obl punct conj punct conj punct conj cc conj punct root Leather NOUN is AUX a DET strong ADJ material NOUN made VERB from ADP the DET skin NOUN of ADP animals NOUN such ADJ as ADP cows NOUN , PUNCT treated VERB so SCONJ it PRON does AUX not PART rot VERB , PUNCT used VERB for ADP shoes NOUN , PUNCT bags NOUN , PUNCT belts NOUN , PUNCT jackets NOUN and CCONJ balls NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Leather leather NOUN Number=Sing 5 material nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 material cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 material det 4 strong strong ADJ Degree=Pos 5 material amod 5 material material NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 material acl 7 from from ADP _ 9 skin case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 skin det 9 skin skin NOUN Number=Sing 6 made obl 10 of of ADP _ 11 animals case 11 animals animal NOUN Number=Plur 9 skin nmod 12 such such ADJ Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP 14 cows case 13 as as ADP _ 12 such fixed 14 cows cow NOUN Number=Plur 11 animals nmod 15 , , PUNCT _ 16 treated punct 16 treated treat VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 14 cows acl 17 so so SCONJ _ 21 rot mark 18 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 21 rot nsubj 19 does do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 21 rot aux 20 not not PART Polarity=Neg 21 rot advmod 21 rot rot VERB VerbForm=Inf 16 treated advcl 22 , , PUNCT _ 23 used punct 23 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 material acl 24 for for ADP _ 25 shoes case 25 shoes shoe NOUN Number=Plur 23 used obl 26 , , PUNCT _ 27 bags punct 27 bags bag NOUN Number=Plur 25 shoes conj 28 , , PUNCT _ 29 belts punct 29 belts belt NOUN Number=Plur 25 shoes conj 30 , , PUNCT _ 31 jackets punct 31 jackets jacket NOUN Number=Plur 25 shoes conj 32 and and CCONJ _ 33 balls cc 33 balls ball NOUN Number=Plur 25 shoes conj 34 . . PUNCT _ 5 material punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Leather a strong material tree rules 2 make participle a strong material not said here the skin of animals such cows vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset from skin=Material 3 treat participle cows not said here vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent 4 not rot present · do-support Leather vn entity_specific_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 5 use participle a strong material not said here for shoes and bags and belts and jackets and balls vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Example 1 My school shoes are made of leather.
nmod:poss compound nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl punct root My PRON school NOUN shoes NOUN are AUX made VERB of ADP leather NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 shoes nmod:poss 2 school school NOUN Number=Sing 3 shoes compound 3 shoes shoe NOUN Number=Plur 5 made nsubj:pass 4 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 made aux:pass 5 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 of of ADP _ 7 leather case 7 leather leather NOUN Number=Sing 5 made obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make present · passive My school shoes of leather vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product
Example 2 The saddle is made of brown leather.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass case amod obl punct root The DET saddle NOUN is AUX made VERB of ADP brown ADJ leather NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 saddle det 2 saddle saddle NOUN Number=Sing 4 made nsubj:pass 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 made aux:pass 4 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 of of ADP _ 7 leather case 6 brown brown ADJ Degree=Pos 7 leather amod 7 leather leather NOUN Number=Sing 4 made obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make present · passive the saddle of brown leather vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product
Example 3 Leather comes from the skin of animals.
nsubj case det obl case nmod punct root Leather NOUN comes VERB from ADP the DET skin NOUN of ADP animals NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Leather leather NOUN Number=Sing 2 comes nsubj 2 comes come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 from from ADP _ 5 skin case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 skin det 5 skin skin NOUN Number=Sing 2 comes obl 6 of of ADP _ 7 animals case 7 animals animal NOUN Number=Plur 5 skin nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 comes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come present Leather the skin of animals vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from skin=Initial_Location
Example 4 Grandpa has an old leather-bound book.
nsubj det amod compound punct amod obj punct root Grandpa PROPN has VERB an DET old ADJ leather NOUN - PUNCT bound VERB book NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Grandpa Grandpa PROPN Number=Sing 2 has nsubj 2 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 book det 4 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 8 book amod 5 leather leather NOUN Number=Sing 7 bound compound 6 - - PUNCT _ 5 leather punct 7 bound bind VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 8 book amod 8 book book NOUN Number=Sing 2 has obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present Grandpa a old bound book vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent book=Patient 2 bind participle vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient
Example 5 The football was made of leather in the old days.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl case det amod obl punct root The DET football NOUN was AUX made VERB of ADP leather NOUN in ADP the DET old ADJ days NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 football det 2 football football NOUN Number=Sing 4 made nsubj:pass 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 made aux:pass 4 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 of of ADP _ 6 leather case 6 leather leather NOUN Number=Sing 4 made obl 7 in in ADP _ 10 days case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 days det 9 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 10 days amod 10 days day NOUN Number=Plur 4 made obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make past · passive the football day of leather vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product
Example 6 Vegan leather is made without animal skin.
amod nsubj:pass aux:pass case compound obl punct root Vegan ADJ leather NOUN is AUX made VERB without ADP animal NOUN skin NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Vegan vegan ADJ Degree=Pos 2 leather amod 2 leather leather NOUN Number=Sing 4 made nsubj:pass 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 made aux:pass 4 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 without without ADP _ 7 skin case 6 animal animal NOUN Number=Sing 7 skin compound 7 skin skin NOUN Number=Sing 4 made obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make present · passive Vegan leather without animal skin vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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