lie Who acts: town, you, something, lie, thing, speaker · What happens: lie, be, know, not be, trick, say · To what, where: something, place, someone, thing, sight, rug · Speech: someone speaks here
«lie» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 10 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: lie in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To lie is to rest or be flat on something, like a bed or the ground.
The tree, 16 words mark cop mark conj cc cop conj case obl punct case det conj cc det conj punct root To PART lie VERB is AUX to PART rest VERB or CCONJ be AUX flat ADJ on ADP something PRON , PUNCT like ADP a DET bed NOUN or CCONJ the DET ground NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 lie mark 2 lie lie VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 rest cop 4 to to PART _ 5 rest mark 5 rest rest VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 2 lie conj 6 or or CCONJ _ 8 flat cc 7 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 8 flat cop 8 flat flat ADJ Degree=Pos 2 lie conj 9 on on ADP _ 10 something case 10 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 lie obl 11 , , PUNCT _ 14 bed punct 12 like like ADP _ 14 bed case 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 bed det 14 bed bed NOUN Number=Sing 10 something conj 15 or or CCONJ _ 17 ground cc 16 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 17 ground det 17 ground ground NOUN Number=Sing 10 something conj 18 . . PUNCT _ 2 lie punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lie to-infinitive something vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on something=Location 2 is present rest property tree rules 3 is infinitive flat property tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To lie is also to be in a place: the town lies by the sea.
The tree, 15 words mark advcl cop advmod mark cop case det punct det nsubj conj case det obl punct root To PART lie VERB is AUX also ADV to PART be AUX in ADP a DET place NOUN : PUNCT the DET town NOUN lies VERB by ADP the DET sea NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 lie mark 2 lie lie VERB VerbForm=Inf 9 place advcl 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 place cop 4 also also ADV _ 9 place advmod 5 to to PART _ 9 place mark 6 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 9 place cop 7 in in ADP _ 9 place case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 place det 9 place place NOUN Number=Sing root root 10 : : PUNCT _ 13 lies punct 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 town det 12 town town NOUN Number=Sing 13 lies nsubj 13 lies lie VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 place conj 14 by by ADP _ 16 sea case 15 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 16 sea det 16 sea sea NOUN Number=Sing 13 lies obl 17 . . PUNCT _ 9 place punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lie to-infinitive vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is present a place tree rules 3 lie present the town by the sea vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent by sea=Location
Meaning 3 To lie is to say something you know is not true, to trick someone.
The tree, 14 words mark csubj cop mark nsubj nsubj acl:relcl cop advmod ccomp punct mark conj obj punct root To PART lie VERB is AUX to PART say VERB something PRON you PRON know VERB is AUX not PART true ADJ , PUNCT to PART trick VERB someone PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 lie mark 2 lie lie VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 say csubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 say cop 4 to to PART _ 5 say mark 5 say say VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 11 true nsubj 7 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 8 know nsubj 8 know know VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 something acl:relcl 9 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 true cop 10 not not PART Polarity=Neg 11 true advmod 11 true true ADJ Degree=Pos 5 say ccomp 12 , , PUNCT _ 14 trick punct 13 to to PART _ 14 trick mark 14 trick trick VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 say conj 15 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 14 trick obj 16 . . PUNCT _ 5 say punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lie to-infinitive vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 be speech: assert present say property tree rules 3 know present you vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer 4 not is present something true property tree rules 5 trick to-infinitive someone vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent someone=Patient
Meaning 4 A lie is a thing said that the speaker knows is false.
det nsubj cop det nsubj mark det nsubj ccomp cop ccomp punct root A DET lie NOUN is AUX a DET thing NOUN said VERB that SCONJ the DET speaker NOUN knows VERB is AUX false ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 lie det 2 lie lie NOUN Number=Sing 5 thing nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 thing cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 thing det 5 thing thing NOUN Number=Sing 6 said nsubj 6 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 that that SCONJ _ 10 knows mark 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 speaker det 9 speaker speaker NOUN Number=Sing 10 knows nsubj 10 knows know VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 said ccomp 11 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 false cop 12 false false ADJ Degree=Pos 10 knows ccomp 13 . . PUNCT _ 6 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a lie a thing tree rules 2 say speech: assert past a thing vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 know present the speaker vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer 4 is present false property tree rules
Meaning 5 To lie up can also mean to hide away and stay out of sight.
The tree, 14 words mark csubj compound:prt aux advmod mark xcomp advmod cc conj case case obl punct root To PART lie VERB up ADP can AUX also ADV mean VERB to PART hide VERB away ADV and CCONJ stay VERB out ADP of ADP sight NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 lie mark 2 lie lie VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 mean csubj 3 up up ADP _ 2 lie compound:prt 4 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 6 mean aux 5 also also ADV _ 6 mean advmod 6 mean mean VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 7 to to PART _ 8 hide mark 8 hide hide VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 mean xcomp 9 away away ADV _ 8 hide advmod 10 and and CCONJ _ 11 stay cc 11 stay stay VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 hide conj 12 out out ADP _ 14 sight case 13 of of ADP _ 14 sight case 14 sight sight NOUN Number=Sing 11 stay obl 15 . . PUNCT _ 6 mean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lie up to-infinitive vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 mean can vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 hide away not said to happen to-infinitive away property vn concealment-16-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 4 stay out infinitive sight vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme sight=Location
Example 1 6 cats lie on the rug.
nummod nsubj case det obl punct root 6 NUM cats NOUN lie VERB on ADP the DET rug NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 6 6 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 2 cats nummod 2 cats cat NOUN Number=Plur 3 lie nsubj 3 lie lie VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 on on ADP _ 6 rug case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 rug det 6 rug rug NOUN Number=Sing 3 lie obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 lie punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lie present 6 cats the rug vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on rug=Location
Example 2 12 books lie on the table.
nummod nsubj case det obl punct root 12 NUM books NOUN lie VERB on ADP the DET table NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 12 12 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 2 books nummod 2 books book NOUN Number=Plur 3 lie nsubj 3 lie lie VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 on on ADP _ 6 table case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 table det 6 table table NOUN Number=Sing 3 lie obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 lie punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lie present 12 books the table vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on table=Location
Example 3 One of the children lied about the score.
nsubj case det nsubj case det obl punct root One NUM of ADP the DET children NOUN lied VERB about ADP the DET score NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 One one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 5 lied nsubj 2 of of ADP _ 4 children case 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 children det 4 children child NOUN Number=Plur 5 lied nsubj 5 lied lie VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 about about ADP _ 8 score case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 score det 8 score score NOUN Number=Sing 5 lied obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 lied punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lie past One about the score vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent about score=Location
Example 4 Lie down on the mat and rest.
advmod case det obl cc conj punct root Lie VERB down ADV on ADP the DET mat NOUN and CCONJ rest NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Lie lie VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 down down ADV _ 1 Lie advmod 3 on on ADP _ 5 mat case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 mat det 5 mat mat NOUN Number=Sing 1 Lie obl 6 and and CCONJ _ 7 rest cc 7 rest rest NOUN Number=Sing 5 mat conj 8 . . PUNCT _ 1 Lie punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lie down imperative you not said here the mat and rest down property vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on mat=Location
Example 5 The dog is lying in the sun.
det nsubj aux case det obl root The DET dog NOUN is AUX lying VERB in ADP the DET sun. NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 dog det 2 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 4 lying nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 lying aux 4 lying lie VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 5 in in ADP _ 7 sun. case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 sun. det 7 sun. sun. NOUN Number=Sing 4 lying obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lie present · progressive the dog the sun. vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in sun.=Location
Example 6 He told a lie about breaking the window.
nsubj det obj mark advcl det obj punct root He PRON told VERB a DET lie NOUN about SCONJ breaking VERB the DET window NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 told nsubj 2 told tell VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 lie det 4 lie lie NOUN Number=Sing 2 told obj 5 about about SCONJ _ 6 breaking mark 6 breaking break VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 2 told advcl 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 window det 8 window window NOUN Number=Sing 6 breaking obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 told punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 tell speech: assert past He a lie vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent lie=Recipient 2 break gerund He not said here the window vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer window=Patient
Example 7 Telling the truth is better than telling lies.
csubj det obj cop mark advcl obj punct root Telling VERB the DET truth NOUN is AUX better ADJ than SCONJ telling VERB lies NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Telling tell VERB VerbForm=Ger 5 better csubj 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 truth det 3 truth truth NOUN Number=Sing 1 Telling obj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 better cop 5 better good ADJ Degree=Cmp root root 6 than than SCONJ _ 7 telling mark 7 telling tell VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 5 better advcl 8 lies lie NOUN Number=Plur 7 telling obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 better punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 tell speech: assert gerund the truth vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent truth=Recipient 2 is present Telling good property tree rules 3 tell speech: assert gerund Telling not said here lies vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent lie=Recipient
Example 8 The village lies at the foot of a hill.
det nsubj case det obl case det nmod punct root The DET village NOUN lies VERB at ADP the DET foot NOUN of ADP a DET hill NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 village det 2 village village NOUN Number=Sing 3 lies nsubj 3 lies lie VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 at at ADP _ 6 foot case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 foot det 6 foot foot NOUN Number=Sing 3 lies obl 7 of of ADP _ 9 hill case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 hill det 9 hill hill NOUN Number=Sing 6 foot nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 lies punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lie present the village the foot of a hill vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent at foot=Location
Example 9 Yesterday I lay in bed until nine.
obl:unmarked nsubj case obl case obl punct root Yesterday NOUN I PRON lay VERB in ADP bed NOUN until ADP nine NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Yesterday yesterday NOUN Number=Sing 3 lay obl:unmarked 2 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 lay nsubj 3 lay lay VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 in in ADP _ 5 bed case 5 bed bed NOUN Number=Sing 3 lay obl 6 until until ADP _ 7 nine case 7 nine nine NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 3 lay obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 lay punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lay present I bed until nine; yesterday vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in bed=Destination
Example 10 Now, where does he lie up?
advmod punct advmod aux nsubj compound:prt punct root Now ADV , PUNCT where ADV does AUX he PRON lie VERB up ADP ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Now now ADV PronType=Dem 6 lie advmod 2 , , PUNCT _ 1 Now punct 3 where where ADV PronType=Rel 6 lie advmod 4 does do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 lie aux 5 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 lie nsubj 6 lie lie VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 7 up up ADP _ 6 lie compound:prt 8 ? ? PUNCT _ 6 lie punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lie up present · do-support he now vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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