limitation Who acts: limitation, person, robot, act, limitations, things · What happens: be, limit, do, have, keep, make · To what, where: something, limitations, act, control, noise, weaknesses · Speech: someone speaks here
«limitation» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: limitation in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A limitation is something that limits what a person or thing can do: «The robot has some limitations».
The tree, 18 words det nsubj cop nsubj acl:relcl obj det nsubj cc conj aux ccomp punct punct det nsubj parataxis det obj punct punct root A DET limitation NOUN is AUX something PRON that PRON limits VERB what PRON a DET person NOUN or CCONJ thing NOUN can AUX do VERB : PUNCT « PUNCT The DET robot NOUN has VERB some DET limitations NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 limitation det 2 limitation limitation NOUN Number=Sing 4 something nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 something cop 4 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind root root 5 that that PRON PronType=Rel 6 limits nsubj 6 limits limit VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 something acl:relcl 7 what what PRON PronType=Int 13 do obj 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 person det 9 person person NOUN Number=Sing 13 do nsubj 10 or or CCONJ _ 11 thing cc 11 thing thing NOUN Number=Sing 9 person conj 12 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 13 do aux 13 do do VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 limits ccomp 14 : : PUNCT _ 18 has punct 15 « « PUNCT _ 18 has punct 16 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 17 robot det 17 robot robot NOUN Number=Sing 18 has nsubj 18 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 something parataxis 19 some some DET PronType=Ind 20 limitations det 20 limitations limitation NOUN Number=Plur 18 has obj 21 » » PUNCT _ 18 has punct 22 . . PUNCT _ 4 something punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a limitation something tree rules 2 limit present vn limit-76 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Causer clause=Goal 3 do can a person or thing vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality 4 have in a quote present the robot some limitations vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent limitation=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Limitation is the act of keeping something under control or within limits: «the limitation of noise».
The tree, 16 words nsubj cop det mark acl obj case obl cc case conj punct punct det appos case nmod punct punct root Limitation NOUN is AUX the DET act NOUN of SCONJ keeping VERB something PRON under ADP control NOUN or CCONJ within ADP limits NOUN : PUNCT « PUNCT the DET limitation NOUN of ADP noise NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Limitation limitation NOUN Number=Sing 4 act nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 act cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 act det 4 act act NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 of of SCONJ _ 6 keeping mark 6 keeping keep VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 act acl 7 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 6 keeping obj 8 under under ADP _ 9 control case 9 control control NOUN Number=Sing 6 keeping obl 10 or or CCONJ _ 12 limits cc 11 within within ADP _ 12 limits case 12 limits limit NOUN Number=Plur 9 control conj 13 : : PUNCT _ 16 limitation punct 14 « « PUNCT _ 16 limitation punct 15 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 16 limitation det 16 limitation limitation NOUN Number=Sing 4 act appos 17 of of ADP _ 18 noise case 18 noise noise NOUN Number=Sing 16 limitation nmod 19 » » PUNCT _ 16 limitation punct 20 . . PUNCT _ 4 act punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Limitation the act tree rules 2 keep gerund the act not said here something control or limits vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent something=Theme under control=Location 3 limit in a quote noise nom limitation «cognition transitive»: of=patient
Meaning 3 Usage: science — kept apart, not parsed.
The limitations of an experiment are its weaknesses, things that could make the results less accurate.
The tree, 16 words det nsubj case det nmod cop nmod:poss punct conj nsubj aux acl:relcl det obj advmod xcomp punct root The DET limitations NOUN of ADP an DET experiment NOUN are AUX its PRON weaknesses NOUN , PUNCT things NOUN that PRON could AUX make VERB the DET results NOUN less ADV accurate ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 limitations det 2 limitations limitation NOUN Number=Plur 8 weaknesses nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 5 experiment case 4 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 experiment det 5 experiment experiment NOUN Number=Sing 2 limitations nmod 6 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 weaknesses cop 7 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 weaknesses nmod:poss 8 weaknesses weakness NOUN Number=Plur root root 9 , , PUNCT _ 10 things punct 10 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 8 weaknesses conj 11 that that PRON PronType=Rel 13 make nsubj 12 could could AUX VerbForm=Fin 13 make aux 13 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf 10 things acl:relcl 14 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 15 results det 15 results result NOUN Number=Plur 13 make obj 16 less less ADV Degree=Cmp 17 accurate advmod 17 accurate accurate ADJ Degree=Pos 13 make xcomp 18 . . PUNCT _ 8 weaknesses punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the limitations of a experiment experiment's weaknesses and things tree rules 2 make could things the results accurate property vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset result=Product 3 limit a experiment nom limitation «cognition transitive»: of=patient
Example 1 Every experiment has limitations.
det nsubj obj punct root Every DET experiment NOUN has VERB limitations NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Every every DET PronType=Tot 2 experiment det 2 experiment experiment NOUN Number=Sing 3 has nsubj 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 limitations limitation NOUN Number=Plur 3 has obj 5 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present every experiment limitations vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent limitation=Patient
Example 2 One limitation was that we only tested three plants.
nummod nsubj cop mark nsubj advmod nummod obj punct root One NUM limitation NOUN was AUX that SCONJ we PRON only ADV tested VERB three NUM plants NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 One one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 2 limitation nummod 2 limitation limitation NOUN Number=Sing 7 tested nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 tested cop 4 that that SCONJ _ 7 tested mark 5 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 7 tested nsubj 6 only only ADV _ 7 tested advmod 7 tested test VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 three three NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 9 plants nummod 9 plants plant NOUN Number=Plur 7 tested obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 7 tested punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past One limitation test property tree rules
Example 3 I know my limitations: I can't sing high notes.
nsubj nmod:poss obj punct nsubj aux advmod conj amod obj punct root I PRON know VERB my PRON limitations NOUN : PUNCT I PRON ca AUX n't PART sing VERB high ADJ notes NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 know nsubj 2 know know VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 limitations nmod:poss 4 limitations limitation NOUN Number=Plur 2 know obj 5 : : PUNCT _ 9 sing punct 6 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 9 sing nsubj 7 ca can AUX VerbForm=Fin 9 sing aux 8 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 9 sing advmod 9 sing sing VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 know conj 10 high high ADJ Degree=Pos 11 notes amod 11 notes note NOUN Number=Plur 9 sing obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 know punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 know present I my limitations vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer limitation=Stimulus 2 not sing speech: express can I high notes vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location note=Theme 3 limit my nom limitation «cognition transitive»: poss=agent
Example 4 The old computer has many limitations.
det amod nsubj amod obj punct root The DET old ADJ computer NOUN has VERB many ADJ limitations NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 computer det 2 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 3 computer amod 3 computer computer NOUN Number=Sing 4 has nsubj 4 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 6 limitations amod 6 limitations limitation NOUN Number=Plur 4 has obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present the old computer many limitations vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent limitation=Patient
Example 5 Despite his limitations, he never gave up.
case nmod:poss obl punct nsubj advmod compound:prt punct root Despite ADP his PRON limitations NOUN , PUNCT he PRON never ADV gave VERB up ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Despite despite ADP _ 3 limitations case 2 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 limitations nmod:poss 3 limitations limitation NOUN Number=Plur 7 gave obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 limitations punct 5 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 gave nsubj 6 never never ADV PronType=Neg 7 gave advmod 7 gave give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 up up ADP _ 7 gave compound:prt 9 . . PUNCT _ 7 gave punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not give up past he despite his limitations vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 limit his = he nom limitation «cognition transitive»: poss=agent
Example 6 Time limitations meant we finished early.
compound nsubj nsubj ccomp advmod punct root Time NOUN limitations NOUN meant VERB we PRON finished VERB early ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Time time NOUN Number=Sing 2 limitations compound 2 limitations limitation NOUN Number=Plur 3 meant nsubj 3 meant mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 5 finished nsubj 5 finished finish VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 meant ccomp 6 early early ADV Degree=Pos 5 finished advmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 meant punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean past Time limitations vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 finish past we early property vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
Example 7 A wheelchair user may face limitations from badly designed buildings.
det compound nsubj aux obj case advmod amod obl punct root A DET wheelchair NOUN user NOUN may AUX face VERB limitations NOUN from ADP badly ADV designed VERB buildings NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 user det 2 wheelchair wheelchair NOUN Number=Sing 3 user compound 3 user user NOUN Number=Sing 5 face nsubj 4 may may AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 face aux 5 face face VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 limitations limitation NOUN Number=Plur 5 face obj 7 from from ADP _ 10 buildings case 8 badly badly ADV Degree=Pos 9 designed advmod 9 designed design VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 10 buildings amod 10 buildings building NOUN Number=Plur 5 face obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 5 face punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 face may a wheelchair user limitations designed buildings vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme limitation=Destination 2 design participle badly property vn create-26.4-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 8 Write the limitations of your test at the end.
det obj case nmod:poss nmod case det obl punct root Write VERB the DET limitations NOUN of ADP your PRON test NOUN at ADP the DET end NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Write write VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 limitations det 3 limitations limitation NOUN Number=Plur 1 Write obj 4 of of ADP _ 6 test case 5 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 test nmod:poss 6 test test NOUN Number=Sing 3 limitations nmod 7 at at ADP _ 9 end case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 end det 9 end end NOUN Number=Sing 1 Write obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 1 Write punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 write imperative you not said here the limitations of your test at the end vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent limitation=Theme 2 limit your test nom limitation «cognition transitive»: of=patient 3 test your nom test «cognition transitive»: poss=agent
Example 9 The gods knew no limitation of time or space, being able to transport themselves to incredible distances with the speed of thought.
The tree, 22 words det nsubj det obj case nmod cc conj punct cop ccomp mark xcomp obj case amod obl case det obl case nmod punct root The DET gods NOUN knew VERB no DET limitation NOUN of ADP time NOUN or CCONJ space NOUN , PUNCT being AUX able ADJ to PART transport VERB themselves PRON to ADP incredible ADJ distances NOUN with ADP the DET speed NOUN of ADP thought NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 gods det 2 gods god NOUN Number=Plur 3 knew nsubj 3 knew know VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 no no DET PronType=Neg 5 limitation det 5 limitation limitation NOUN Number=Sing 3 knew obj 6 of of ADP _ 7 time case 7 time time NOUN Number=Sing 5 limitation nmod 8 or or CCONJ _ 9 space cc 9 space space NOUN Number=Sing 7 time conj 10 , , PUNCT _ 12 able punct 11 being be AUX Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 12 able cop 12 able able ADJ Degree=Pos 3 knew ccomp 13 to to PART _ 14 transport mark 14 transport transport VERB VerbForm=Inf 12 able xcomp 15 themselves themselves PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 14 transport obj 16 to to ADP _ 18 distances case 17 incredible incredible ADJ Degree=Pos 18 distances amod 18 distances distance NOUN Number=Plur 14 transport obl 19 with with ADP _ 21 speed case 20 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 21 speed det 21 speed speed NOUN Number=Sing 14 transport obl 22 of of ADP _ 23 thought case 23 thought thought NOUN Number=Sing 21 speed nmod 24 . . PUNCT _ 3 knew punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 know past the gods no limitation of time or space vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer limitation=Stimulus 2 is gerund able property tree rules 3 transport to-infinitive gods = god to incredible distances; with the speed of thought vn send-11.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent themselves=Theme to distance=Destination 4 limit time or space nom limitation «cognition transitive»: of=patient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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