literature Who acts: study, We, Shakespeare, literature, museum, sister · What happens: write, think, be, work, study, print · To what, where: ones, these, poems, literature class, famous name, English literature
«literature» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: literature in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Written works such as novels, poems and plays, especially ones thought to be good or important.
The tree, 16 words amod case fixed nmod punct conj cc conj punct advmod conj acl mark cop xcomp cc conj punct root Written VERB works NOUN such ADJ as ADP novels NOUN , PUNCT poems NOUN and CCONJ plays NOUN , PUNCT especially ADV ones NOUN thought VERB to PART be AUX good ADJ or CCONJ important ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Written write VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 works amod 2 works work NOUN Number=Plur root root 3 such such ADJ Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP 5 novels case 4 as as ADP _ 3 such fixed 5 novels novel NOUN Number=Plur 2 works nmod 6 , , PUNCT _ 7 poems punct 7 poems poem NOUN Number=Plur 5 novels conj 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 plays cc 9 plays play NOUN Number=Plur 5 novels conj 10 , , PUNCT _ 12 ones punct 11 especially especially ADV _ 12 ones advmod 12 ones one NOUN Number=Plur 2 works conj 13 thought think VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 12 ones acl 14 to to PART _ 16 good mark 15 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 16 good cop 16 good good ADJ Degree=Pos 13 thought xcomp 17 or or CCONJ _ 18 important cc 18 important important ADJ Degree=Pos 16 good conj 19 . . PUNCT _ 2 works punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 write participle vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 think speech: other participle ones not said here vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 is to-infinitive good property tree rules 4 be tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 The study of these works as a school or university subject.
det nsubj case nmod case det obl cc compound conj punct root The DET study NOUN of ADP these PRON works VERB as ADP a DET school NOUN or CCONJ university NOUN subject NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 study det 2 study study NOUN Number=Sing 5 works nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 4 these case 4 these this PRON Number=Plur PronType=Dem 2 study nmod 5 works work VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 as as ADP _ 8 school case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 school det 8 school school NOUN Number=Sing 5 works obl 9 or or CCONJ _ 11 subject cc 10 university university NOUN Number=Sing 11 subject compound 11 subject subject NOUN Number=Sing 8 school conj 12 . . PUNCT _ 5 works punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 work present the study of these as a school or university subject vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.attribute PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent as school=Attribute 2 study these nom study «act transitive»: of=patient
Meaning 3 All the writing about a particular subject, such as science papers.
det:predet det case det amod nmod punct case fixed compound conj punct root All DET the DET writing NOUN about ADP a DET particular ADJ subject NOUN , PUNCT such ADJ as ADP science NOUN papers NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 All all DET PronType=Tot 3 writing det:predet 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 writing det 3 writing writing NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 about about ADP _ 7 subject case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 subject det 6 particular particular ADJ Degree=Pos 7 subject amod 7 subject subject NOUN Number=Sing 3 writing nmod 8 , , PUNCT _ 12 papers punct 9 such such ADJ Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP 12 papers case 10 as as ADP _ 9 such fixed 11 science science NOUN Number=Sing 12 papers compound 12 papers paper NOUN Number=Plur 3 writing conj 13 . . PUNCT _ 3 writing punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Meaning 4 Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.
Printed information such as leaflets and booklets: free literature about the museum.
amod case fixed nmod cc conj punct amod appos case det nmod punct root Printed VERB information NOUN such ADJ as ADP leaflets NOUN and CCONJ booklets NOUN : PUNCT free ADJ literature NOUN about ADP the DET museum NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Printed print VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 information amod 2 information information NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 such such ADJ Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP 5 leaflets case 4 as as ADP _ 3 such fixed 5 leaflets leaflet NOUN Number=Plur 2 information nmod 6 and and CCONJ _ 7 booklets cc 7 booklets booklet NOUN Number=Plur 5 leaflets conj 8 : : PUNCT _ 10 literature punct 9 free free ADJ Degree=Pos 10 literature amod 10 literature literature NOUN Number=Sing 2 information appos 11 about about ADP _ 13 museum case 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 museum det 13 museum museum NOUN Number=Sing 10 literature nmod 14 . . PUNCT _ 2 information punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 print participle vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 1 We are reading poems in literature class.
nsubj aux obj case compound nmod punct root We PRON are AUX reading VERB poems NOUN in ADP literature NOUN class NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 reading nsubj 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 reading aux 3 reading read VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 poems poem NOUN Number=Plur 3 reading obj 5 in in ADP _ 7 class case 6 literature literature NOUN Number=Sing 7 class compound 7 class class NOUN Number=Sing 4 poems nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 reading punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 read present · progressive We poems literature class vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent poem=Topic
Example 2 Shakespeare is a famous name in English literature.
nsubj cop det amod case amod nmod punct root Shakespeare PROPN is AUX a DET famous ADJ name NOUN in ADP English ADJ literature NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Shakespeare Shakespeare PROPN Number=Sing 5 name nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 name cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 name det 4 famous famous ADJ Degree=Pos 5 name amod 5 name name NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 in in ADP _ 8 literature case 7 English English ADJ Degree=Pos 8 literature amod 8 literature literature NOUN Number=Sing 5 name nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 name punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Shakespeare a famous name English literature tree rules
Example 3 Children's literature includes picture books and novels.
nmod:poss case nsubj compound obj cc conj punct root Children NOUN 's PART literature NOUN includes VERB picture NOUN books NOUN and CCONJ novels NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Children child NOUN Number=Plur 3 literature nmod:poss 2 's 's PART _ 1 Children case 3 literature literature NOUN Number=Sing 4 includes nsubj 4 includes include VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 picture picture NOUN Number=Sing 6 books compound 6 books book NOUN Number=Plur 4 includes obj 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 novels cc 8 novels novel NOUN Number=Plur 6 books conj 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 includes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 include present Children's literature picture books and novels vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent book=Theme
Example 4 The museum gives out free literature at the door.
det nsubj compound:prt amod obj case det obl punct root The DET museum NOUN gives VERB out ADP free ADJ literature NOUN at ADP the DET door NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 museum det 2 museum museum NOUN Number=Sing 3 gives nsubj 3 gives give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 out out ADP _ 3 gives compound:prt 5 free free ADJ Degree=Pos 6 literature amod 6 literature literature NOUN Number=Sing 3 gives obj 7 at at ADP _ 9 door case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 door det 9 door door NOUN Number=Sing 3 gives obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 gives punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give out present the museum free literature the door vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent literature=Theme
Example 5 My sister wants to study literature at university.
nmod:poss nsubj mark xcomp obj case obl punct root My PRON sister NOUN wants VERB to PART study VERB literature NOUN at ADP university NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 sister nmod:poss 2 sister sister NOUN Number=Sing 3 wants nsubj 3 wants want VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to PART _ 5 study mark 5 study study VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 wants xcomp 6 literature literature NOUN Number=Sing 5 study obj 7 at at ADP _ 8 university case 8 university university NOUN Number=Sing 5 study obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 wants punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 want present My sister vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme 2 study not said to happen to-infinitive My sister not said here literature university vn learn-14-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent literature=Topic
Example 6 The scientist read all the literature on frogs before her experiment.
det nsubj det:predet det obj case obl case nmod:poss obl punct root The DET scientist NOUN read VERB all DET the DET literature NOUN on ADP frogs NOUN before ADP her PRON experiment NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 scientist det 2 scientist scientist NOUN Number=Sing 3 read nsubj 3 read read VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 all all DET PronType=Tot 6 literature det:predet 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 literature det 6 literature literature NOUN Number=Sing 3 read obj 7 on on ADP _ 8 frogs case 8 frogs frog NOUN Number=Plur 3 read obl 9 before before ADP _ 11 experiment case 10 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 11 experiment nmod:poss 11 experiment experiment NOUN Number=Sing 3 read obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 read punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 read past the scientist all literature before scientist's experiment on frogs vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent literature=Topic 2 experiment scientist nom experiment «act intransitive»: poss=agent
Example 7 Fairy tales are some of the oldest literature in the world.
compound nsubj cop case det amod nmod case det nmod punct root Fairy NOUN tales NOUN are AUX some DET of ADP the DET oldest ADJ literature NOUN in ADP the DET world NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Fairy fairy NOUN Number=Sing 2 tales compound 2 tales tale NOUN Number=Plur 4 some nsubj 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 some cop 4 some some DET PronType=Ind root root 5 of of ADP _ 8 literature case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 literature det 7 oldest old ADJ Degree=Sup 8 literature amod 8 literature literature NOUN Number=Sing 4 some nmod 9 in in ADP _ 11 world case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 world det 11 world world NOUN Number=Sing 8 literature nmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 4 some punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 8 Good literature makes you think and feel.
amod nsubj obj xcomp cc conj punct root Good ADJ literature NOUN makes VERB you PRON think VERB and CCONJ feel VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Good good ADJ Degree=Pos 2 literature amod 2 literature literature NOUN Number=Sing 3 makes nsubj 3 makes make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 makes obj 5 think think VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 makes xcomp 6 and and CCONJ _ 7 feel cc 7 feel feel VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 think conj 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 makes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make present Good literature you tree rules 2 think speech: other infinitive you not said here vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 feel infinitive you not said here vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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