little Who acts: Little, some, we, little box, little sister, I · What happens: mean, milk, learn, hold, be, have · To what, where: little brother, small amount, much, 4 crayons, three, little more juice · Speech: someone speaks here
«little» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: little in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Little means small in size: a little house.
nsubj xcomp case obl punct det amod conj punct root Little ADJ means VERB small ADJ in ADP size NOUN : PUNCT a DET little ADJ house NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Little little ADJ Degree=Pos 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 2 means xcomp 4 in in ADP _ 5 size case 5 size size NOUN Number=Sing 3 small obl 6 : : PUNCT _ 9 house punct 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 house det 8 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 9 house amod 9 house house NOUN Number=Sing 5 size conj 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Little small property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Little means young: my little brother.
nsubj xcomp punct nmod:poss amod obj punct root Little ADJ means VERB young ADJ : PUNCT my PRON little ADJ brother NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Little little ADJ Degree=Pos 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 young young ADJ Degree=Pos 2 means xcomp 4 : : PUNCT _ 2 means punct 5 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 brother nmod:poss 6 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 7 brother amod 7 brother brother NOUN Number=Sing 2 means obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Little my little brother young property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent brother=Topic
Meaning 3 «A little» means a small amount, some: a little milk.
The tree, 10 words punct det nsubj punct det amod obj punct nsubj punct det amod nmod punct root « PUNCT A DET little ADJ » PUNCT means VERB a DET small ADJ amount NOUN , PUNCT some DET : PUNCT a DET little ADJ milk NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 3 little punct 2 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 little det 3 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 5 means nsubj 4 » » PUNCT _ 3 little punct 5 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 amount det 7 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 8 amount amod 8 amount amount NOUN Number=Sing 5 means obj 9 , , PUNCT _ 14 milk punct 10 some some DET PronType=Ind 14 milk nsubj 11 : : PUNCT _ 14 milk punct 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 milk det 13 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 14 milk amod 14 milk milk NOUN Number=Sing 8 amount nmod 15 . . PUNCT _ 5 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present a little a small amount vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent amount=Topic 2 milk some tree rules
Meaning 4 «Little» without «a» means not much, almost none: little time.
The tree, 10 words punct nsubj punct case punct obl punct advmod obj punct advmod parataxis punct amod conj punct root « PUNCT Little ADJ » PUNCT without ADP « PUNCT a DET » PUNCT means VERB not PART much ADJ , PUNCT almost ADV none PRON : PUNCT little ADJ time NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 Little punct 2 Little little ADJ Degree=Pos 8 means nsubj 3 » » PUNCT _ 2 Little punct 4 without without ADP _ 6 a case 5 « « PUNCT _ 6 a punct 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 Little obl 7 » » PUNCT _ 2 Little punct 8 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 9 not not PART Polarity=Neg 10 much advmod 10 much much ADJ Degree=Pos 8 means obj 11 , , PUNCT _ 13 none punct 12 almost almost ADV _ 13 none advmod 13 none none PRON PronType=Neg 8 means parataxis 14 : : PUNCT _ 16 time punct 15 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 16 time amod 16 time time NOUN Number=Sing 13 none conj 17 . . PUNCT _ 8 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Little much vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent much=Topic
Meaning 5 As an adverb, a little means slightly: a little tired.
case det obl punct det nsubj advmod punct det obl:unmarked xcomp punct root As ADP an DET adverb NOUN , PUNCT a DET little ADJ means VERB slightly ADV : PUNCT a DET little ADJ tired ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 As as ADP _ 3 adverb case 2 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 adverb det 3 adverb adverb NOUN Number=Sing 7 means obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 adverb punct 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 little det 6 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 7 means nsubj 7 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 8 slightly slightly ADV _ 7 means advmod 9 : : PUNCT _ 7 means punct 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 little det 11 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 12 tired obl:unmarked 12 tired tired ADJ Degree=Pos 7 means xcomp 13 . . PUNCT _ 7 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present a little as a adverb; slightly, tired property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent as adverb=Attribute
Example 1 First, a little revision of what we learned before …
advmod punct det amod case nmod nsubj acl:relcl advmod punct root First ADV , PUNCT a DET little ADJ revision NOUN of ADP what PRON we PRON learned VERB before ADV … PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 First first ADV NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 5 revision advmod 2 , , PUNCT _ 1 First punct 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 revision det 4 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 5 revision amod 5 revision revision NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of ADP _ 7 what case 7 what what PRON PronType=Rel 5 revision nmod 8 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 9 learned nsubj 9 learned learn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 what acl:relcl 10 before before ADV _ 9 learned advmod 11 … . PUNCT _ 5 revision punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 learn past we before property vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 2 A little box holds 4 crayons.
det amod nsubj nummod obj punct root A DET little ADJ box NOUN holds VERB 4 NUM crayons NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 box det 2 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 3 box amod 3 box box NOUN Number=Sing 4 holds nsubj 4 holds hold VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 4 4 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 crayons nummod 6 crayons crayon NOUN Number=Plur 4 holds obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 holds punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hold present a little box 4 crayons vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crayon=Theme
Example 3 My little sister is three.
nmod:poss amod nsubj cop punct root My PRON little ADJ sister NOUN is AUX three NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 sister nmod:poss 2 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 3 sister amod 3 sister sister NOUN Number=Sing 5 three nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 three cop 5 three three NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card root root 6 . . PUNCT _ 5 three punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present My little sister three tree rules
Example 4 Can I have a little more juice?
aux nsubj det amod amod obj punct root Can AUX I PRON have VERB a DET little ADJ more ADJ juice NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 have aux 2 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 have nsubj 3 have have VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 juice det 5 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 7 juice amod 6 more more ADJ Degree=Cmp 7 juice amod 7 juice juice NOUN Number=Sing 3 have obj 8 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have can I a little more juice vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent juice=Patient
Example 5 There is little water left in the bottle.
expl amod nsubj acl case det obl punct root There PRON is VERB little ADJ water NOUN left VERB in ADP the DET bottle NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 There there PRON PronType=Dem 2 is expl 2 is be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 4 water amod 4 water water NOUN Number=Sing 2 is nsubj 5 left leave VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 water acl 6 in in ADP _ 8 bottle case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 bottle det 8 bottle bottle NOUN Number=Sing 5 left obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 is punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 be present little water there vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 leave participle little water not said here in the bottle result vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in bottle=Result
Example 6 I am a little tired after the race.
nsubj cop det obl:unmarked case det obl punct root I PRON am AUX a DET little ADJ tired ADJ after ADP the DET race NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 5 tired nsubj 2 am be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 tired cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 little det 4 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 5 tired obl:unmarked 5 tired tired ADJ Degree=Pos root root 6 after after ADP _ 8 race case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 race det 8 race race NOUN Number=Sing 5 tired obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 tired punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present I after the race a little obl:unmarked ; tired property tree rules
Example 7 Little by little the snowman melted.
nsubj case amod det nmod punct root Little ADJ by ADP little ADJ the DET snowman NOUN melted VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Little little ADJ Degree=Pos 6 melted nsubj 2 by by ADP _ 5 snowman case 3 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 5 snowman amod 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 snowman det 5 snowman snowman NOUN Number=Sing 1 Little nmod 6 melted melt VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 melted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 melt past Little by the little snowman vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 8 The three little pigs built three houses.
det nummod amod nsubj nummod obj punct root The DET three NUM little ADJ pigs NOUN built VERB three NUM houses NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 pigs det 2 three three NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 4 pigs nummod 3 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 4 pigs amod 4 pigs pig NOUN Number=Plur 5 built nsubj 5 built build VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 three three NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 7 houses nummod 7 houses house NOUN Number=Plur 5 built obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 built punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 build past the three little pigs three houses vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent house=Product
Example 9 "I can!" said the little Rabbit.
punct nsubj ccomp punct punct det amod nsubj punct root " PUNCT I PRON can AUX ! PUNCT " PUNCT said VERB the DET little ADJ Rabbit PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 3 can punct 2 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 can nsubj 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 6 said ccomp 4 ! ! PUNCT _ 3 can punct 5 " " PUNCT _ 3 can punct 6 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 Rabbit det 8 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 9 Rabbit amod 9 Rabbit Rabbit PROPN Number=Sing 6 said nsubj 10 . . PUNCT _ 6 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert past the little Rabbit vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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