loaf Who acts: loaf, meat loaf, time, baker, you, Red Hen · What happens: be, bake, cut, mince, cook, loaf · To what, where: bread, loaf, slices, minced meat, nothing, 40 loaves · Speech: someone speaks here
«loaf» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: loaf in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A loaf is bread baked in one big piece, before it is cut into slices.
The tree, 15 words det nsubj cop acl case nummod amod obl punct mark nsubj:pass aux:pass conj case obl punct root A DET loaf NOUN is AUX bread NOUN baked VERB in ADP one NUM big ADJ piece NOUN , PUNCT before SCONJ it PRON is AUX cut VERB into ADP slices NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 loaf det 2 loaf loaf NOUN Number=Sing 4 bread nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 bread cop 4 bread bread NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 baked bake VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 bread acl 6 in in ADP _ 9 piece case 7 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 9 piece nummod 8 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 9 piece amod 9 piece piece NOUN Number=Sing 5 baked obl 10 , , PUNCT _ 14 cut punct 11 before before SCONJ _ 14 cut mark 12 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 cut nsubj:pass 13 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 cut aux:pass 14 cut cut VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 baked conj 15 into into ADP _ 16 slices case 16 slices slice NOUN Number=Plur 14 cut obl 17 . . PUNCT _ 4 bread punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a loaf bread tree rules 2 bake participle bread not said here in one big piece vn cooking-45.3 «NP V PP.result PP.instrument»: agent=Patient in piece=Instrument 3 cut present · passive loaf slices vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: subject=Material into slice=Product
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A meat loaf is minced meat cooked in a loaf shape.
det compound nsubj cop amod acl case det compound obl punct root A DET meat NOUN loaf NOUN is AUX minced VERB meat NOUN cooked VERB in ADP a DET loaf NOUN shape NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 loaf det 2 meat meat NOUN Number=Sing 3 loaf compound 3 loaf loaf NOUN Number=Sing 6 meat nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 meat cop 5 minced mince VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 meat amod 6 meat meat NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 cooked cook VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 meat acl 8 in in ADP _ 11 shape case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 shape det 10 loaf loaf NOUN Number=Sing 11 shape compound 11 shape shape NOUN Number=Sing 7 cooked obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 6 meat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mince participle vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient 2 is a present a meat loaf minced meat tree rules 3 cook participle minced meat not said here in a loaf shape vn cooking-45.3 «NP V PP.result PP.instrument»: agent=Patient in shape=Instrument
Meaning 3 To loaf, or loaf around, is to spend time doing nothing.
mark advcl punct cc obj advmod punct cop mark obj acl obj punct root To PART loaf VERB , PUNCT or CCONJ loaf NOUN around ADV , PUNCT is AUX to PART spend VERB time NOUN doing VERB nothing PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 loaf mark 2 loaf loaf VERB VerbForm=Inf 10 spend advcl 3 , , PUNCT _ 5 loaf punct 4 or or CCONJ _ 5 loaf cc 5 loaf loaf NOUN Number=Sing 2 loaf obj 6 around around ADV _ 2 loaf advmod 7 , , PUNCT _ 2 loaf punct 8 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 spend cop 9 to to PART _ 10 spend mark 10 spend spend VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 11 time time NOUN Number=Sing 10 spend obj 12 doing do VERB VerbForm=Ger 11 time acl 13 nothing nothing PRON Number=Sing PronType=Neg 12 doing obj 14 . . PUNCT _ 10 spend punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 loaf to-infinitive loaf around property tree rules 2 is present time spend property tree rules 3 do gerund time not said here nothing vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nothing=Eventuality
Example 1 A baker makes 40 loaves a day.
det nsubj nummod obj det obl:unmarked punct root A DET baker NOUN makes VERB 40 NUM loaves NOUN a DET day NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 baker det 2 baker baker NOUN Number=Sing 3 makes nsubj 3 makes make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 40 40 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 loaves nummod 5 loaves loaf NOUN Number=Plur 3 makes obj 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 day det 7 day day NOUN Number=Sing 3 makes obl:unmarked 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 makes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make present a baker 40 loaves day vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset loaf=Product
Example 2 Each loaf has 12 slices.
det nsubj nummod obj punct root Each DET loaf NOUN has VERB 12 NUM slices NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Each each DET PronType=Tot 2 loaf det 2 loaf loaf NOUN Number=Sing 3 has nsubj 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 12 12 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 slices nummod 5 slices slice NOUN Number=Plur 3 has obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present each loaf 12 slices vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent slice=Patient
Example 3 A loaf costs 2 dollars.
det nsubj nummod obj punct root A DET loaf NOUN costs VERB 2 NUM dollars NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 loaf det 2 loaf loaf NOUN Number=Sing 3 costs nsubj 3 costs cost VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 2 2 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 dollars nummod 5 dollars dollar NOUN Number=Plur 3 costs obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 costs punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cost present a loaf 2 dollars vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme dollar=Value
Example 4 How many loaves for 60 slices?
advmod amod case nummod nmod punct root How ADV many ADJ loaves NOUN for ADP 60 NUM slices NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 How how ADV PronType=Int 2 many advmod 2 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 3 loaves amod 3 loaves loaf NOUN Number=Plur root root 4 for for ADP _ 6 slices case 5 60 60 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 slices nummod 6 slices slice NOUN Number=Plur 3 loaves nmod 7 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 loaves punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 5 Please buy a loaf of bread on the way home.
discourse det obj case nmod case det obl advmod punct root Please INTJ buy VERB a DET loaf NOUN of ADP bread NOUN on ADP the DET way NOUN home ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Please please INTJ _ 2 buy discourse 2 buy buy VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 loaf det 4 loaf loaf NOUN Number=Sing 2 buy obj 5 of of ADP _ 6 bread case 6 bread bread NOUN Number=Sing 4 loaf nmod 7 on on ADP _ 9 way case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 way det 9 way way NOUN Number=Sing 2 buy obl 10 home home ADV _ 9 way advmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 buy punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 buy imperative you not said here a loaf of bread the way vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent loaf=Theme
Example 6 The Little Red Hen baked a loaf all by herself.
det amod compound nsubj det obj advmod case obl punct root The DET Little ADJ Red PROPN Hen PROPN baked VERB a DET loaf NOUN all ADV by ADP herself PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 Hen det 2 Little Little ADJ Degree=Pos 3 Red amod 3 Red Red PROPN Number=Sing 4 Hen compound 4 Hen Hen PROPN Number=Sing 5 baked nsubj 5 baked bake VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 loaf det 7 loaf loaf NOUN Number=Sing 5 baked obj 8 all all ADV _ 10 herself advmod 9 by by ADP _ 10 herself case 10 herself herself PRON Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 5 baked obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 5 baked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 bake past the Red Hen a loaf by Hen vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent loaf=Product
Example 7 The fresh loaf smelled wonderful.
det amod nsubj xcomp punct root The DET fresh ADJ loaf NOUN smelled VERB wonderful ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 loaf det 2 fresh fresh ADJ Degree=Pos 3 loaf amod 3 loaf loaf NOUN Number=Sing 4 smelled nsubj 4 smelled smell VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 wonderful wonderful ADJ Degree=Pos 4 smelled xcomp 6 . . PUNCT _ 4 smelled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 smell past the fresh loaf wonderful property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus
Example 8 He loafed around all Saturday.
nsubj case det obl punct root He PRON loafed VERB around ADP all DET Saturday PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 loafed nsubj 2 loafed loaf VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 around around ADP _ 5 Saturday case 4 all all DET PronType=Tot 5 Saturday det 5 Saturday Saturday PROPN Number=Sing 2 loafed obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 loafed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 loaf past He saturday vn linger-53.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent
Example 9 'Crumble those three loaves for the ants,' he said.
punct ccomp det nummod conj case det nmod punct punct nsubj punct root ' PUNCT Crumble NOUN those DET three NUM loaves NOUN for ADP the DET ants NOUN , PUNCT ' PUNCT he PRON said VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ' ' PUNCT _ 2 Crumble punct 2 Crumble crumble NOUN Number=Sing 12 said ccomp 3 those that DET Number=Plur PronType=Dem 5 loaves det 4 three three NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 5 loaves nummod 5 loaves loaf NOUN Number=Plur 2 Crumble conj 6 for for ADP _ 8 ants case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 ants det 8 ants ant NOUN Number=Plur 5 loaves nmod 9 , , PUNCT _ 2 Crumble punct 10 ' ' PUNCT _ 2 Crumble punct 11 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 12 said nsubj 12 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 13 . . PUNCT _ 12 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert past he vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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