losses Who acts: soldiers, money, News, town, company, team · What happens: kill, lose, suffer, count, make, have · To what, where: war, opposite, games, things, heavy losses, battle
«losses» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: losses in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Usage: euphemism, official — kept apart, not parsed.
soldiers or people killed (and sometimes wounded) in war or a disaster.
The tree, 12 words nsubj cc conj punct cc advmod ccomp punct case obl cc det conj punct root soldiers NOUN or CCONJ people NOUN killed VERB ( PUNCT and CCONJ sometimes ADV wounded ADJ ) PUNCT in ADP war NOUN or CCONJ a DET disaster NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 soldiers soldier NOUN Number=Plur 4 killed nsubj 2 or or CCONJ _ 3 people cc 3 people people NOUN Number=Plur 1 soldiers conj 4 killed kill VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 ( ( PUNCT _ 8 wounded punct 6 and and CCONJ _ 8 wounded cc 7 sometimes sometimes ADV PronType=Ind 8 wounded advmod 8 wounded wounded ADJ Degree=Pos 4 killed ccomp 9 ) ) PUNCT _ 8 wounded punct 10 in in ADP _ 11 war case 11 war war NOUN Number=Sing 4 killed obl 12 or or CCONJ _ 14 disaster cc 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 disaster det 14 disaster disaster NOUN Number=Sing 11 war conj 15 . . PUNCT _ 4 killed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 kill past soldiers or people war or a disaster vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 money a business loses; the opposite of profits.
nsubj det nsubj punct det obj case nmod punct root money NOUN a DET business NOUN loses VERB ; PUNCT the DET opposite NOUN of ADP profits NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 money money NOUN Number=Sing 4 loses nsubj 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 business det 3 business business NOUN Number=Sing 4 loses nsubj 4 loses lose VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 ; ; PUNCT _ 7 opposite punct 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 opposite det 7 opposite opposite NOUN Number=Sing 4 loses obj 8 of of ADP _ 9 profits case 9 profits profit NOUN Number=Plur 7 opposite nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 loses punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lose present money the opposite of profits vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent opposite=Eventuality
Meaning 3 Usage: literal — kept apart, not parsed.
games lost, or things lost.
acl punct cc conj acl punct root games NOUN lost VERB , PUNCT or CCONJ things NOUN lost VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 games game NOUN Number=Plur root root 2 lost lose VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 1 games acl 3 , , PUNCT _ 5 things punct 4 or or CCONJ _ 5 things cc 5 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 1 games conj 6 lost lose VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 things acl 7 . . PUNCT _ 1 games punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lose participle games or things not said here vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 lose participle things not said here vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 1 News: The army suffered heavy losses in the battle.
nsubj punct det nsubj amod obj case det obl punct root News NOUN : PUNCT The DET army NOUN suffered VERB heavy ADJ losses NOUN in ADP the DET battle NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 News news NOUN Number=Sing 5 suffered nsubj 2 : : PUNCT _ 5 suffered punct 3 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 army det 4 army army NOUN Number=Sing 5 suffered nsubj 5 suffered suffer VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 heavy heavy ADJ Degree=Pos 7 losses amod 7 losses loss NOUN Number=Plur 5 suffered obj 8 in in ADP _ 10 battle case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 battle det 10 battle battle NOUN Number=Sing 5 suffered obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 5 suffered punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 suffer past News heavy losses the battle vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer loss=Stimulus
Example 2 The town counted its losses after the flood.
det nsubj nmod:poss obj case det obl punct root The DET town NOUN counted VERB its PRON losses NOUN after ADP the DET flood NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 town det 2 town town NOUN Number=Sing 3 counted nsubj 3 counted count VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 losses nmod:poss 5 losses loss NOUN Number=Plur 3 counted obj 6 after after ADP _ 8 flood case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 flood det 8 flood flood NOUN Number=Sing 3 counted obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 counted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 count past the town town's losses after the flood vn multiply-108 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent loss=Theme
Example 3 The company made losses of two million pounds.
det nsubj obj case compound nummod nmod punct root The DET company NOUN made VERB losses NOUN of ADP two NUM million NUM pounds NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 company det 2 company company NOUN Number=Sing 3 made nsubj 3 made make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 losses loss NOUN Number=Plur 3 made obj 5 of of ADP _ 8 pounds case 6 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 7 million compound 7 million million NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 8 pounds nummod 8 pounds pound NOUN Number=Plur 4 losses nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make past the company losses of million pounds vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset loss=Product
Example 4 The team has three wins and two losses.
det nsubj nummod obj cc nummod conj punct root The DET team NOUN has VERB three NUM wins NOUN and CCONJ two NUM losses NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 team det 2 team team NOUN Number=Sing 3 has nsubj 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 three three NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 5 wins nummod 5 wins win NOUN Number=Plur 3 has obj 6 and and CCONJ _ 8 losses cc 7 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 8 losses nummod 8 losses loss NOUN Number=Plur 5 wins conj 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present the team three wins and two losses vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent win=Patient
Example 5 Maths: If income is £500 and costs are £700, the loss is £200.
The tree, 16 words nsubj punct mark nsubj cop acl:relcl nummod cc conj cop nummod punct det nsubj cop conj nummod punct root Maths NOUN : PUNCT If SCONJ income NOUN is AUX £ SYM 500 NUM and CCONJ costs NOUN are AUX £ SYM 700 NUM , PUNCT the DET loss NOUN is AUX £ SYM 200 NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Maths math NOUN Number=Plur 11 £ nsubj 2 : : PUNCT _ 6 £ punct 3 If if SCONJ _ 6 £ mark 4 income income NOUN Number=Sing 6 £ nsubj 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 £ cop 6 £ £ SYM _ 1 Maths acl:relcl 7 500 500 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 £ nummod 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 costs cc 9 costs cost NOUN Number=Plur 1 Maths conj 10 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 £ cop 11 £ £ SYM _ root root 12 700 700 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 11 £ nummod 13 , , PUNCT _ 17 £ punct 14 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 15 loss det 15 loss loss NOUN Number=Sing 17 £ nsubj 16 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 17 £ cop 17 £ £ SYM _ 11 £ conj 18 200 200 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 17 £ nummod 19 . . PUNCT _ 11 £ punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 6 Chat: «heavy losses» in war news = lots of soldiers died
nsubj punct punct amod conj punct case compound nmod punct conj case nmod root Chat NOUN : PUNCT « PUNCT heavy ADJ losses NOUN » PUNCT in ADP war NOUN news NOUN = SYM lots NOUN of ADP soldiers NOUN died VERB The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Chat chat NOUN Number=Sing 14 died nsubj 2 : : PUNCT _ 5 losses punct 3 « « PUNCT _ 5 losses punct 4 heavy heavy ADJ Degree=Pos 5 losses amod 5 losses loss NOUN Number=Plur 1 Chat conj 6 » » PUNCT _ 5 losses punct 7 in in ADP _ 9 news case 8 war war NOUN Number=Sing 9 news compound 9 news news NOUN Number=Sing 5 losses nmod 10 = = SYM _ 11 lots punct 11 lots lot NOUN Number=Plur 5 losses conj 12 of of ADP _ 13 soldiers case 13 soldiers soldier NOUN Number=Plur 11 lots nmod 14 died die VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 die past Chat and heavy losses in war news and lots of soldiers vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute
Example 7 He had heavy losses in business, and several times some affairs went wrong with his neighbors.
The tree, 16 words nsubj amod obj case obl punct cc amod obl:unmarked det nsubj conj xcomp case nmod:poss obl punct root He PRON had VERB heavy ADJ losses NOUN in ADP business NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ several ADJ times NOUN some DET affairs NOUN went VERB wrong ADJ with ADP his PRON neighbors NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 had nsubj 2 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 heavy heavy ADJ Degree=Pos 4 losses amod 4 losses loss NOUN Number=Plur 2 had obj 5 in in ADP _ 6 business case 6 business business NOUN Number=Sing 2 had obl 7 , , PUNCT _ 13 went punct 8 and and CCONJ _ 13 went cc 9 several several ADJ Degree=Pos 10 times amod 10 times time NOUN Number=Plur 13 went obl:unmarked 11 some some DET PronType=Ind 12 affairs det 12 affairs affair NOUN Number=Plur 13 went nsubj 13 went go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 had conj 14 wrong wrong ADJ Degree=Pos 13 went xcomp 15 with with ADP _ 17 neighbors case 16 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 17 neighbors nmod:poss 17 neighbors neighbor NOUN Number=Plur 13 went obl 18 . . PUNCT _ 2 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past He heavy losses business vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent loss=Patient 2 go past some affairs time with his neighbors; wrong property vn help-72.1-2 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent with neighbor=Beneficiary
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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