lower Who acts: Lower, you, your, temperature, shop, lower shelf · What happens: mean, lower, move down, make, describe, belong · To what, where: something, it, voice, social rank, name, case letters · Speech: someone speaks here
«lower» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: lower in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Lower means less high, closer to the ground, or at the bottom of something.
The tree, 14 words nsubj advmod xcomp punct parataxis case det obl punct cc case det parataxis case nmod punct root Lower ADJ means VERB less ADV high ADJ , PUNCT closer ADJ to ADP the DET ground NOUN , PUNCT or CCONJ at ADP the DET bottom NOUN of ADP something PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Lower low ADJ Degree=Cmp 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 less less ADV Degree=Cmp 4 high advmod 4 high high ADJ Degree=Pos 2 means xcomp 5 , , PUNCT _ 6 closer punct 6 closer close ADJ Degree=Cmp 2 means parataxis 7 to to ADP _ 9 ground case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 ground det 9 ground ground NOUN Number=Sing 6 closer obl 10 , , PUNCT _ 14 bottom punct 11 or or CCONJ _ 14 bottom cc 12 at at ADP _ 14 bottom case 13 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 14 bottom det 14 bottom bottom NOUN Number=Sing 2 means parataxis 15 of of ADP _ 16 something case 16 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 14 bottom nmod 17 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Lower high property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Lower means smaller in number, amount or level.
nsubj xcomp case obl punct appos cc conj punct root Lower ADJ means VERB smaller ADJ in ADP number NOUN , PUNCT amount NOUN or CCONJ level NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Lower low ADJ Degree=Cmp 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 smaller small ADJ Degree=Cmp 2 means xcomp 4 in in ADP _ 5 number case 5 number number NOUN Number=Sing 3 smaller obl 6 , , PUNCT _ 7 amount punct 7 amount amount NOUN Number=Sing 5 number appos 8 or or CCONJ _ 9 level cc 9 level level NOUN Number=Sing 7 amount conj 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Lower small property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
Meaning 3 To lower something means to move it down.
mark csubj obj mark xcomp obj compound:prt punct root To PART lower VERB something PRON means VERB to PART move VERB it PRON down ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 lower mark 2 lower lower VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 means csubj 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 lower obj 4 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 to to PART _ 6 move mark 6 move move VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 means xcomp 7 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 move obj 8 down down ADP _ 6 move compound:prt 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lower to-infinitive something vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 move down not said to happen to-infinitive it vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent it=Theme
Meaning 4 To lower something like a price, sound or voice means to make it less.
The tree, 14 words mark csubj obj case det obl punct conj cc conj mark xcomp obj xcomp punct root To PART lower VERB something PRON like ADP a DET price NOUN , PUNCT sound NOUN or CCONJ voice NOUN means VERB to PART make VERB it PRON less ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 lower mark 2 lower lower VERB VerbForm=Inf 11 means csubj 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 lower obj 4 like like ADP _ 6 price case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 price det 6 price price NOUN Number=Sing 2 lower obl 7 , , PUNCT _ 8 sound punct 8 sound sound NOUN Number=Sing 6 price conj 9 or or CCONJ _ 10 voice cc 10 voice voice NOUN Number=Sing 6 price conj 11 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 12 to to PART _ 13 make mark 13 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf 11 means xcomp 14 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 13 make obj 15 less less ADV Degree=Cmp 13 make xcomp 16 . . PUNCT _ 11 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lower to-infinitive something like a price and sound or voice vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 make not said to happen to-infinitive voice vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product
Meaning 5 Lower can also describe social rank, meaning belonging to the group of people with less money and power.
The tree, 18 words amod aux advmod amod obj punct advcl xcomp case det obl case nmod case amod obl cc conj punct root Lower ADJ can AUX also ADV describe VERB social ADJ rank NOUN , PUNCT meaning VERB belonging VERB to ADP the DET group NOUN of ADP people NOUN with ADP less ADJ money NOUN and CCONJ power NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Lower low ADJ Degree=Cmp 4 describe amod 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 describe aux 3 also also ADV _ 4 describe advmod 4 describe describe VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 5 social social ADJ Degree=Pos 6 rank amod 6 rank rank NOUN Number=Sing 4 describe obj 7 , , PUNCT _ 8 meaning punct 8 meaning mean VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 4 describe advcl 9 belonging belong VERB VerbForm=Ger 8 meaning xcomp 10 to to ADP _ 12 group case 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 group det 12 group group NOUN Number=Sing 9 belonging obl 13 of of ADP _ 14 people case 14 people people NOUN Number=Plur 12 group nmod 15 with with ADP _ 17 money case 16 less less ADJ Degree=Cmp 17 money amod 17 money money NOUN Number=Sing 9 belonging obl 18 and and CCONJ _ 19 power cc 19 power power NOUN Number=Sing 17 money conj 20 . . PUNCT _ 4 describe punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 describe can social rank vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent rank=Theme 2 mean gerund vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 belong not said to happen gerund to the group of people; with less money and power vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme
Example 1 Write your name in lower-case letters.
nmod:poss obj case compound punct compound obl punct root Write VERB your PRON name NOUN in ADP lower NOUN - PUNCT case NOUN letters NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Write write VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 name nmod:poss 3 name name NOUN Number=Sing 1 Write obj 4 in in ADP _ 8 letters case 5 lower lower NOUN Number=Sing 7 case compound 6 - - PUNCT _ 5 lower punct 7 case case NOUN Number=Sing 8 letters compound 8 letters letter NOUN Number=Plur 1 Write obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Write punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 write imperative you not said here your name case letters vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent name=Theme in letter=Destination 2 name your nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Example 2 The temperature is lower at night.
det nsubj cop case obl punct root The DET temperature NOUN is AUX lower ADJ at ADP night NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 temperature det 2 temperature temperature NOUN Number=Sing 4 lower nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 lower cop 4 lower low ADJ Degree=Cmp root root 5 at at ADP _ 6 night case 6 night night NOUN Number=Sing 4 lower obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 lower punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present the temperature night low property tree rules
Example 3 12 is lower than 20.
obl:unmarked cop case obl punct root 12 NUM is AUX lower ADJ than ADP 20 NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 12 12 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 3 lower obl:unmarked 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 lower cop 3 lower low ADJ Degree=Cmp root root 4 than than ADP _ 5 20 case 5 20 20 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 3 lower obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 lower punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present than 20; 12 obl:unmarked ; low property tree rules
Example 4 Lower the bucket into the well slowly.
det obj case det obl advmod punct root Lower VERB the DET bucket NOUN into ADP the DET well NOUN slowly ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Lower lower VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 bucket det 3 bucket bucket NOUN Number=Sing 1 Lower obj 4 into into ADP _ 6 well case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 well det 6 well well NOUN Number=Sing 1 Lower obl 7 slowly slowly ADV _ 1 Lower advmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 1 Lower punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lower imperative you not said here the bucket the well slowly property vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent bucket=Theme into well=Destination
Example 5 Please lower your voice in the library.
discourse nmod:poss obj case det obl punct root Please INTJ lower VERB your PRON voice NOUN in ADP the DET library NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Please please INTJ _ 2 lower discourse 2 lower lower VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 voice nmod:poss 4 voice voice NOUN Number=Sing 2 lower obj 5 in in ADP _ 7 library case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 library det 7 library library NOUN Number=Sing 2 lower obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 lower punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lower imperative you not said here your voice the library vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent voice=Theme in library=Destination
Example 6 The shop lowered its prices in the sale.
det nsubj nmod:poss obj case det obl punct root The DET shop NOUN lowered VERB its PRON prices NOUN in ADP the DET sale NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 shop det 2 shop shop NOUN Number=Sing 3 lowered nsubj 3 lowered lower VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 prices nmod:poss 5 prices price NOUN Number=Plur 3 lowered obj 6 in in ADP _ 8 sale case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 sale det 8 sale sale NOUN Number=Sing 3 lowered obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 lowered punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lower past the shop shop's prices the sale vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent price=Theme in sale=Destination
Example 7 The lower shelf is for the little ones.
det amod nsubj cop case det amod punct root The DET lower ADJ shelf NOUN is AUX for ADP the DET little ADJ ones NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 shelf det 2 lower low ADJ Degree=Cmp 3 shelf amod 3 shelf shelf NOUN Number=Sing 8 ones nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 ones cop 5 for for ADP _ 8 ones case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 ones det 7 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 8 ones amod 8 ones one NOUN Number=Plur root root 9 . . PUNCT _ 8 ones punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present the lower shelf for the little ones tree rules
Example 8 My lower lip is cut.
nmod:poss amod nsubj:pass aux:pass punct root My PRON lower ADJ lip NOUN is AUX cut VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 lip nmod:poss 2 lower low ADJ Degree=Cmp 3 lip amod 3 lip lip NOUN Number=Sing 5 cut nsubj:pass 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 cut aux:pass 5 cut cut VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 . . PUNCT _ 5 cut punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cut present · passive My lower lip vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
← previous lownext → lowermost↑ back to L in school dictionary This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/L/lower/