ma Who acts: Ma, Mā, sentence, you, ma mère, boy · What happens: be, hear, mean, turn, go out, play · To what, where: homely word, old stories, mum, little word, end, ma · Speech: someone speaks here
«ma» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: ma in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.
«Ma» is a homely word for mother, like «Mum» or «Mom», heard in old stories, in the USA countryside and in Ireland.
The tree, 22 words punct nsubj punct cop det amod case nmod punct case punct appos punct cc punct conj punct punct conj case amod obl punct case det compound obl cc case conj punct root « PUNCT Ma NOUN » PUNCT is AUX a DET homely ADJ word NOUN for ADP mother NOUN , PUNCT like ADP « PUNCT Mum NOUN » PUNCT or CCONJ « PUNCT Mom NOUN » PUNCT , PUNCT heard VERB in ADP old ADJ stories NOUN , PUNCT in ADP the DET USA PROPN countryside NOUN and CCONJ in ADP Ireland PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 Ma punct 2 Ma ma NOUN Number=Sing 7 word nsubj 3 » » PUNCT _ 2 Ma punct 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 word cop 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 word det 6 homely homely ADJ Degree=Pos 7 word amod 7 word word NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 for for ADP _ 9 mother case 9 mother mother NOUN Number=Sing 7 word nmod 10 , , PUNCT _ 13 Mum punct 11 like like ADP _ 13 Mum case 12 « « PUNCT _ 13 Mum punct 13 Mum mum NOUN Number=Sing 7 word appos 14 » » PUNCT _ 13 Mum punct 15 or or CCONJ _ 17 Mom cc 16 « « PUNCT _ 17 Mom punct 17 Mom mom NOUN Number=Sing 13 Mum conj 18 » » PUNCT _ 13 Mum punct 19 , , PUNCT _ 20 heard punct 20 heard hear VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 word conj 21 in in ADP _ 23 stories case 22 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 23 stories amod 23 stories story NOUN Number=Plur 20 heard obl 24 , , PUNCT _ 28 countryside punct 25 in in ADP _ 28 countryside case 26 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 28 countryside det 27 USA USA PROPN Number=Sing 28 countryside compound 28 countryside countryside NOUN Number=Sing 20 heard obl 29 and and CCONJ _ 31 Ireland cc 30 in in ADP _ 31 Ireland case 31 Ireland Ireland PROPN Number=Sing 28 countryside conj 32 . . PUNCT _ 7 word punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Ma a homely word for mother tree rules 2 hear participle Ma not said here old stories in the USA countryside and Ireland vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: Mandarin, pinyin — kept apart, not parsed.
«Mā» means «mum»; «ma» with no tone is a little word at the end of a sentence that turns it into a question: «nǐ hǎo ma?» (are you well?).
Sentence 1: «Mā» means «mum»; «ma» with no tone is a little word at the end of a sentence that turns it into a question: «nǐ hǎo ma?»
The tree, 26 words punct nsubj punct punct obj punct punct punct nsubj punct case det nmod cop det amod conj case det nmod case det nmod nsubj acl:relcl obj case det obl punct punct dep compound parataxis punct punct root « PUNCT Mā PROPN » PUNCT means VERB « PUNCT mum NOUN » PUNCT ; PUNCT « PUNCT ma NOUN » PUNCT with ADP no DET tone NOUN is AUX a DET little ADJ word NOUN at ADP the DET end NOUN of ADP a DET sentence NOUN that PRON turns VERB it PRON into ADP a DET question NOUN : PUNCT « PUNCT nǐ X hǎo X ma NOUN ? PUNCT » PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 Mā punct 2 Mā Mā PROPN Number=Sing 4 means nsubj 3 » » PUNCT _ 2 Mā punct 4 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 « « PUNCT _ 6 mum punct 6 mum mum NOUN Number=Sing 4 means obj 7 » » PUNCT _ 6 mum punct 8 ; ; PUNCT _ 18 word punct 9 « « PUNCT _ 10 ma punct 10 ma ma NOUN Number=Sing 18 word nsubj 11 » » PUNCT _ 10 ma punct 12 with with ADP _ 14 tone case 13 no no DET PronType=Neg 14 tone det 14 tone tone NOUN Number=Sing 10 ma nmod 15 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 18 word cop 16 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 18 word det 17 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 18 word amod 18 word word NOUN Number=Sing 4 means conj 19 at at ADP _ 21 end case 20 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 21 end det 21 end end NOUN Number=Sing 18 word nmod 22 of of ADP _ 24 sentence case 23 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 24 sentence det 24 sentence sentence NOUN Number=Sing 21 end nmod 25 that that PRON PronType=Rel 26 turns nsubj 26 turns turn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 24 sentence acl:relcl 27 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 26 turns obj 28 into into ADP _ 30 question case 29 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 30 question det 30 question question NOUN Number=Sing 26 turns obl 31 : : PUNCT _ 35 ma punct 32 « « PUNCT _ 33 nǐ punct 33 nǐ nǐ X Foreign=Yes 35 ma dep 34 hǎo hǎo X _ 35 ma compound 35 ma ma NOUN Number=Sing 4 means parataxis 36 ? ? PUNCT _ 35 ma punct 37 » » PUNCT _ 35 ma punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Mā mum tree rules 2 is a present ma with no tone a little word at the end of a sentence tree rules 3 turn present a sentence ma a question vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent it=Theme into question=Trajectory
Sentence 2: (are you well?).
punct cop nsubj punct punct punct root ( PUNCT are AUX you PRON well ADV ? PUNCT ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 4 well punct 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 well cop 3 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 4 well nsubj 4 well well ADV Degree=Pos root root 5 ? ? PUNCT _ 4 well punct 6 ) ) PUNCT _ 4 well punct 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 well punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present you well property tree rules
Meaning 3 Usage: abbreviation — kept apart, not parsed.
«MA» is a Master of Arts, a university degree.
punct nsubj punct cop det case nmod punct det compound conj punct root « PUNCT MA NOUN » PUNCT is AUX a DET Master NOUN of ADP Arts PROPN , PUNCT a DET university NOUN degree NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 MA punct 2 MA ma NOUN Number=Sing 6 Master nsubj 3 » » PUNCT _ 2 MA punct 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 Master cop 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 Master det 6 Master master NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 of of ADP _ 8 Arts case 8 Arts Art PROPN Number=Plur 6 Master nmod 9 , , PUNCT _ 12 degree punct 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 degree det 11 university university NOUN Number=Sing 12 degree compound 12 degree degree NOUN Number=Sing 6 Master conj 13 . . PUNCT _ 6 Master punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present MA a Master and a university degree of Arts tree rules
Meaning 4 Usage: French — kept apart, not parsed.
«Ma» means «my» before a feminine noun: «ma mère» is «my mother»; in Italian «ma» means «but».
The tree, 17 words punct nsubj punct punct obj punct case det amod obl punct punct compound nsubj punct cop punct nmod:poss appos punct punct case obl punct nsubj punct parataxis punct cc punct punct root « PUNCT Ma NOUN » PUNCT means VERB « PUNCT my PRON » PUNCT before ADP a DET feminine ADJ noun NOUN : PUNCT « PUNCT ma NOUN mère NOUN » PUNCT is AUX « PUNCT my PRON mother NOUN » PUNCT ; PUNCT in ADP Italian PROPN « PUNCT ma NOUN » PUNCT means VERB « PUNCT but CCONJ » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 Ma punct 2 Ma ma NOUN Number=Sing 4 means nsubj 3 » » PUNCT _ 2 Ma punct 4 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 « « PUNCT _ 6 my punct 6 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 means obj 7 » » PUNCT _ 6 my punct 8 before before ADP _ 11 noun case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 noun det 10 feminine feminine ADJ Degree=Pos 11 noun amod 11 noun noun NOUN Number=Sing 4 means obl 12 : : PUNCT _ 20 mother punct 13 « « PUNCT _ 15 mère punct 14 ma ma NOUN Number=Sing 15 mère compound 15 mère mère NOUN Number=Sing 20 mother nsubj 16 » » PUNCT _ 15 mère punct 17 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 20 mother cop 18 « « PUNCT _ 20 mother punct 19 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 20 mother nmod:poss 20 mother mother NOUN Number=Sing 11 noun appos 21 » » PUNCT _ 20 mother punct 22 ; ; PUNCT _ 28 means punct 23 in in ADP _ 24 Italian case 24 Italian Italian PROPN _ 28 means obl 25 « « PUNCT _ 26 ma punct 26 ma ma NOUN Number=Sing 28 means nsubj 27 » » PUNCT _ 26 ma punct 28 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 means parataxis 29 « « PUNCT _ 31 » punct 30 but but CCONJ _ 31 » cc 31 » » PUNCT _ 28 means punct 32 . . PUNCT _ 4 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Ma my before a feminine noun vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent my=Topic 2 is a in a quote present ma mère my mother tree rules 3 mean present ma in Italian vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot in italian=Attribute
Example 1 «Ma, can I go out to play?» asked the boy in the old story.
The tree, 14 words punct nsubj punct aux nsubj acl:relcl advmod mark xcomp punct punct det obj case det amod obl punct root « PUNCT Ma NOUN , PUNCT can AUX I PRON go VERB out ADV to PART play VERB ? PUNCT » PUNCT asked VERB the DET boy NOUN in ADP the DET old ADJ story NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 Ma punct 2 Ma ma NOUN Number=Sing 12 asked nsubj 3 , , PUNCT _ 6 go punct 4 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 6 go aux 5 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 6 go nsubj 6 go go VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 Ma acl:relcl 7 out out ADV _ 6 go advmod 8 to to PART _ 9 play mark 9 play play VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 go xcomp 10 ? ? PUNCT _ 2 Ma punct 11 » » PUNCT _ 2 Ma punct 12 asked ask VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 13 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 14 boy det 14 boy boy NOUN Number=Sing 12 asked obj 15 in in ADP _ 18 story case 16 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 18 story det 17 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 18 story amod 18 story story NOUN Number=Sing 12 asked obl 19 . . PUNCT _ 12 asked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go out in a quote can the boy = boy Ma not said here out property tree rules 2 play in a quote to-infinitive the boy = boy not said here vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 ask speech: ask past the boy the old story vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 2 Pa fixed the fence while Ma baked bread.
nsubj det obj mark nsubj advcl obj punct root Pa PROPN fixed VERB the DET fence NOUN while SCONJ Ma PROPN baked VERB bread NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Pa Pa PROPN Number=Sing 2 fixed nsubj 2 fixed fix VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 fence det 4 fence fence NOUN Number=Sing 2 fixed obj 5 while while SCONJ _ 7 baked mark 6 Ma Ma PROPN Number=Sing 7 baked nsubj 7 baked bake VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 fixed advcl 8 bread bread NOUN Number=Sing 7 baked obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 fixed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fix past Pa the fence vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent fence=Patient 2 bake past Ma bread vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bread=Product
Example 3 In Mandarin, «nǐ hǎo ma?» means «how are you?»
The tree, 9 words case obl punct punct dep compound nsubj punct punct punct ccomp cop nsubj punct punct root In ADP Mandarin PROPN , PUNCT « PUNCT nǐ X hǎo X ma NOUN ? PUNCT » PUNCT means VERB « PUNCT how ADV are AUX you PRON ? PUNCT » PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 Mandarin case 2 Mandarin Mandarin PROPN Number=Sing 10 means obl 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 Mandarin punct 4 « « PUNCT _ 7 ma punct 5 nǐ nǐ X Foreign=Yes 7 ma dep 6 hǎo hǎo X _ 7 ma compound 7 ma ma NOUN Number=Sing 10 means nsubj 8 ? ? PUNCT _ 7 ma punct 9 » » PUNCT _ 7 ma punct 10 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 11 « « PUNCT _ 12 how punct 12 how how ADV PronType=Int 10 means ccomp 13 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 how cop 14 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 12 how nsubj 15 ? ? PUNCT _ 10 means punct 16 » » PUNCT _ 10 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present hǎo ma in Mandarin vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot in mandarin=Attribute 2 is in a quote present you how property tree rules
Example 4 «Māma» is the Mandarin word for «mum».
punct nsubj punct cop det amod case punct nmod punct punct root « PUNCT Māma PROPN » PUNCT is AUX the DET Mandarin ADJ word NOUN for ADP « PUNCT mum NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 Māma punct 2 Māma Māma PROPN Number=Sing 7 word nsubj 3 » » PUNCT _ 2 Māma punct 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 word cop 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 word det 6 Mandarin mandarin ADJ Degree=Pos 7 word amod 7 word word NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 for for ADP _ 10 mum case 9 « « PUNCT _ 10 mum punct 10 mum mum NOUN Number=Sing 7 word nmod 11 » » PUNCT _ 10 mum punct 12 . . PUNCT _ 7 word punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Māma the Mandarin word for mum tree rules
Example 5 My aunt has an MA in history.
nmod:poss nsubj det obj case nmod punct root My PRON aunt NOUN has VERB an DET MA NOUN in ADP history NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 aunt nmod:poss 2 aunt aunt NOUN Number=Sing 3 has nsubj 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 MA det 5 MA ma NOUN Number=Sing 3 has obj 6 in in ADP _ 7 history case 7 history history NOUN Number=Sing 5 MA nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present My aunt a MA history vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ma=Patient
Example 6 The tiny bulb needed only a few mA of current.
det amod acl advmod det amod obl case nmod punct root The DET tiny ADJ bulb NOUN needed VERB only ADV a DET few ADJ mA NOUN of ADP current NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 bulb det 2 tiny tiny ADJ Degree=Pos 3 bulb amod 3 bulb bulb NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 needed need VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 bulb acl 5 only only ADV _ 8 mA advmod 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 mA det 7 few few ADJ Degree=Pos 8 mA amod 8 mA ma NOUN Number=Sing 4 needed obl 9 of of ADP _ 10 current case 10 current current NOUN Number=Sing 8 mA nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 bulb punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 need participle the tiny bulb not said here a few mA of current vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot
Example 7 «Me ma says I have to be home for tea», said Sean.
The tree, 12 words punct compound nsubj nsubj ccomp mark cop xcomp case obl punct punct parataxis nsubj punct root « PUNCT Me PRON ma NOUN says VERB I PRON have VERB to PART be AUX home ADV for ADP tea NOUN » PUNCT , PUNCT said VERB Sean PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 4 says punct 2 Me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 ma compound 3 ma ma NOUN Number=Sing 4 says nsubj 4 says say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 6 have nsubj 6 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 says ccomp 7 to to PART _ 9 home mark 8 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 9 home cop 9 home home ADV _ 6 have xcomp 10 for for ADP _ 11 tea case 11 tea tea NOUN Number=Sing 9 home obl 12 » » PUNCT _ 6 have punct 13 , , PUNCT _ 14 said punct 14 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 says parataxis 15 Sean Sean PROPN Number=Sing 14 said nsubj 16 . . PUNCT _ 4 says punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert in a quote present Me ma vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 have in a quote present Me ma = ma vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 3 is in a quote to-infinitive Me ma = ma not said here for tea; home property tree rules 4 say speech: assert past Sean vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
Example 8 Is you drowndid w'en yo' ma tucks you in de bed?"
cop nsubj amod compound csubj punct nsubj obj case amod obl punct punct root Is AUX you PRON drowndid ADJ w'en NOUN yo NOUN ' PUNCT ma NOUN tucks VERB you PRON in ADP de ADJ bed NOUN ? PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 yo cop 2 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 5 yo nsubj 3 drowndid drowndid ADJ Degree=Pos 5 yo amod 4 w'en w'en NOUN Number=Sing 5 yo compound 5 yo yo NOUN Number=Sing 8 tucks csubj 6 ' ' PUNCT _ 8 tucks punct 7 ma ma NOUN Number=Sing 8 tucks nsubj 8 tucks tuck VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 9 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 8 tucks obj 10 in in ADP _ 12 bed case 11 de de ADJ Degree=Pos 12 bed amod 12 bed bed NOUN Number=Sing 8 tucks obl 13 ? ? PUNCT _ 8 tucks punct 14 " " PUNCT _ 8 tucks punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present you drowndid w'en yo tree rules 2 tuck present ma you de bed vn funnel-9.3-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent you=Theme in bed=Trajectory
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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