madam

Who acts: Madam, you, woman, little madam, girl, waiter · What happens: be, speak, not know, use, waiter, name · To what, where: polite way, name, letters, Madam, important job, girl · Speech: someone speaks here

«madam» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: madam in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Usage: polite — kept apart, not parsed.

Madam is a polite way to speak to a woman whose name you do not know, used by shop staff, waiters and in letters: «Dear Madam».

The tree, 26 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Madam	madam	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 way	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 way	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 way	det
4	polite	polite	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 way	amod
5	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	to	to	PART	_	7 speak	mark
7	speak	speak	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 way	acl
8	to	to	ADP	_	10 woman	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 woman	det
10	woman	woman	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 speak	obl
11	whose	whose	PRON	Poss=Yes PronType=Rel	12 name	nmod:poss
12	name	name	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 woman	conj
13	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	16 know	nsubj
14	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 know	aux
15	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	16 know	advmod
16	know	know	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	12 name	acl:relcl
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 used	punct
18	used	use	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 way	acl
19	by	by	ADP	_	21 staff	case
20	shop	shop	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 staff	compound
21	staff	staff	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 used	obl
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 waiters	punct
23	waiters	waiter	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 way	parataxis
24	and	and	CCONJ	_	26 letters	cc
25	in	in	ADP	_	26 letters	case
26	letters	letter	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 waiters	obj
27	:	:	PUNCT	_	23 waiters	punct
28	«	«	PUNCT	_	30 Madam	punct
29	Dear	dear	ADJ	Degree=Pos	30 Madam	amod
30	Madam	Madam	PROPN	Number=Sing	23 waiters	parataxis
31	»	»	PUNCT	_	30 Madam	punct
32	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 way	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Madam	a polite way		tree rules
2	speak speech: other	to-infinitive			to a woman and a woman and a woman's name's name	vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to woman=Co-Agent
3	not know	present · do-support	you	a woman and a woman and name's name's name not said here		vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer name=Stimulus
4	use	participle		a polite way not said here	by shop staff	vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
5	waiter	present		letters		tree rules
6	name		a woman and a woman and name's name			nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Madam is used before a title when speaking to a woman in an important job.

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Madam	madam	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 used	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 used	aux:pass
3	used	use	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	before	before	ADP	_	6 title	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 title	det
6	title	title	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 used	obl
7	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	8 speaking	advmod
8	speaking	speak	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 used	advcl
9	to	to	ADP	_	11 woman	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 woman	det
11	woman	woman	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 speaking	obl
12	in	in	ADP	_	15 job	case
13	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 job	det
14	important	important	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 job	amod
15	job	job	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 speaking	obl
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 used	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	present · passive		Madam			before a title		vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
2	speak speech: other	gerund				a important job		to a woman	vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to woman=Co-Agent

The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

Madam Chair, Madam President.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Madam	madam	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 Chair	compound
2	Chair	chair	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 President	punct
4	Madam	Madam	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 President	compound
5	President	President	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Chair	appos
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 Chair	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Meaning 3

Usage: UK, informal — kept apart, not parsed.

A little madam is a girl who is bossy, cheeky or spoilt.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 madam	det
2	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 madam	amod
3	madam	madam	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 girl	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 girl	cop
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 girl	det
6	girl	girl	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 bossy	nsubj
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 bossy	cop
9	bossy	bossy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 girl	acl:relcl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 cheeky	punct
11	cheeky	cheeky	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 bossy	conj
12	or	or	CCONJ	_	13 spoilt	cc
13	spoilt	spoilt	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 bossy	conj
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 girl	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is a	present	a little madam	a girl		tree rules
2	is	present	a girl		bossy property	tree rules
3	be		a girl not said here			tree rules
4	be		a girl not said here			tree rules

Example 1

«Can I take your coat, madam?» asked the waiter.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	4 take	punct
2	Can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 take	aux
3	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	4 take	nsubj
4	take	take	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	11 asked	ccomp
5	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 coat	nmod:poss
6	coat	coat	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 take	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 madam	punct
8	madam	madam	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 coat	conj
9	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 take	punct
10	»	»	PUNCT	_	4 take	punct
11	asked	ask	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 waiter	det
13	waiter	waiter	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 asked	obj
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	11 asked	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	take in a quote	can	the waiter = waiter	your coat and madam					vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent coat=Theme
2	ask speech: ask	past	the waiter						vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic

Example 2

I began my letter with «Dear Sir or Madam».

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 began	nsubj
2	began	begin	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 letter	nmod:poss
4	letter	letter	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 began	obj
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 Sir	case
6	«	«	PUNCT	_	8 Sir	punct
7	Dear	dear	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 Sir	amod
8	Sir	Sir	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 letter	nmod
9	or	or	CCONJ	_	10 Madam	cc
10	Madam	Madam	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 Sir	conj
11	»	»	PUNCT	_	10 Madam	punct
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 began	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	begin	past	I	my letter				with Dear Sir or Madam	vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.subeventuality»: agent=Agent letter=Eventuality with sir=Subeventuality
2	letter		my					with Dear Sir or Madam	nom letter «communication transitive»: poss=agent with=obl

Example 3

Thank you, Madam Speaker.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Thank	thank	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	you	you	PRON	Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs	1 Thank	obj
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 Speaker	punct
4	Madam	Madam	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 Speaker	compound
5	Speaker	Speaker	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Thank	vocative
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Thank	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	thank speech: thank	present			you			Madam Speaker vocative	vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme

Example 4

Gran called my sister a little madam when she sulked.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Gran	Gran	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 called	nsubj
2	called	call	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 sister	nmod:poss
4	sister	sister	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 called	iobj
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 madam	det
6	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 madam	amod
7	madam	madam	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 called	xcomp
8	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	10 sulked	advmod
9	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 sulked	nsubj
10	sulked	sulk	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 called	advcl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 called	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	call	past	Gran	a little madam	my sister				vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent sister=Recipient
2	sulk	past	Gran						vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer

Example 5

«This way, madam,» said the usher.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	3 way	punct
2	This	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	3 way	det
3	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 said	ccomp
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 madam	punct
5	madam	madam	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 way	conj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 way	punct
7	»	»	PUNCT	_	3 way	punct
8	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 usher	det
10	usher	usher	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 said	obj
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 said	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	past	the usher						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent

Example 6

Excuse me, madam, you dropped your glove.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Excuse	excuse	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	me	I	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	1 Excuse	obj
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 madam	punct
4	madam	madam	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Excuse	obl
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 dropped	punct
6	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	7 dropped	nsubj
7	dropped	drop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	1 Excuse	parataxis
8	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 glove	nmod:poss
9	glove	glove	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 dropped	obj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Excuse	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	excuse	imperative	you not said here	me				madam obl	vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Theme
2	drop	past	you	your glove					vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent glove=Theme

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/M/madam/