mammy Who acts: child, Black woman, I, Siobhan, lots, mammy · What happens: say, word, use, look, not use, talk · To what, where: mammy, racist stereotype name, family, biscuit, Dublin, best brown bread · Speech: someone speaks here
«mammy» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: mammy in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Usage: informal, Ireland, UK north, Scotland — kept apart, not parsed.
A child's word for mother, like «mum» or «mammy» said by Irish children.
The tree, 14 words det nmod:poss case case nmod punct case punct appos punct cc punct conj punct acl case amod obl punct root A DET child NOUN 's PART word NOUN for ADP mother NOUN , PUNCT like ADP « PUNCT mum NOUN » PUNCT or CCONJ « PUNCT mammy NOUN » PUNCT said VERB by ADP Irish ADJ children NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 child det 2 child child NOUN Number=Sing 4 word nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 child case 4 word word NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 for for ADP _ 6 mother case 6 mother mother NOUN Number=Sing 4 word nmod 7 , , PUNCT _ 10 mum punct 8 like like ADP _ 10 mum case 9 « « PUNCT _ 10 mum punct 10 mum mum NOUN Number=Sing 4 word appos 11 » » PUNCT _ 10 mum punct 12 or or CCONJ _ 14 mammy cc 13 « « PUNCT _ 14 mammy punct 14 mammy mammy NOUN Number=Sing 10 mum conj 15 » » PUNCT _ 14 mammy punct 16 said say VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 14 mammy acl 17 by by ADP _ 19 children case 18 Irish Irish ADJ Degree=Pos 19 children amod 19 children child NOUN Number=Plur 16 said obl 20 . . PUNCT _ 4 word punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert participle mammy not said here by Irish children vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent 2 word a child for mother nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent for=obl
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: old-fashioned, offensive, US history — kept apart, not parsed.
A racist stereotype name once used for a Black woman who looked after a white family's children; it is not used today except when talking about history.
The tree, 28 words det amod compound advmod acl case det amod obl nsubj acl:relcl case det amod nmod:poss case obl punct nsubj:pass aux:pass advmod conj obl:unmarked mark advmod advcl case obl punct root A DET racist ADJ stereotype NOUN name NOUN once ADV used VERB for ADP a DET Black ADJ woman NOUN who PRON looked VERB after ADP a DET white ADJ family NOUN 's PART children NOUN ; PUNCT it PRON is AUX not PART used VERB today NOUN except ADP when ADV talking VERB about ADP history NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 name det 2 racist racist ADJ Degree=Pos 4 name amod 3 stereotype stereotype NOUN Number=Sing 4 name compound 4 name name NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 once once ADV NumForm=Word NumType=Mult 6 used advmod 6 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 name acl 7 for for ADP _ 10 woman case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 woman det 9 Black black ADJ Degree=Pos 10 woman amod 10 woman woman NOUN Number=Sing 6 used obl 11 who who PRON PronType=Rel 12 looked nsubj 12 looked look VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 10 woman acl:relcl 13 after after ADP _ 18 children case 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 family det 15 white white ADJ Degree=Pos 16 family amod 16 family family NOUN Number=Sing 18 children nmod:poss 17 's 's PART _ 16 family case 18 children child NOUN Number=Plur 12 looked obl 19 ; ; PUNCT _ 23 used punct 20 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 23 used nsubj:pass 21 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 23 used aux:pass 22 not not PART Polarity=Neg 23 used advmod 23 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 name conj 24 today today NOUN Number=Sing 23 used obl:unmarked 25 except except ADP _ 27 talking mark 26 when when ADV PronType=Int 27 talking advmod 27 talking talk VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 23 used advcl 28 about about ADP _ 29 history case 29 history history NOUN Number=Sing 27 talking obl 30 . . PUNCT _ 4 name punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use participle a racist stereotype name not said here for a Black woman; once property vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 look past a Black woman after a white family's children vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus 3 not use present · passive family today vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient 4 talk gerund about history vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about history=Topic
Example 1 Mammy, can I have a biscuit?
vocative punct aux nsubj det obj punct root Mammy PROPN , PUNCT can AUX I PRON have VERB a DET biscuit NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mammy Mammy PROPN Number=Sing 5 have vocative 2 , , PUNCT _ 1 Mammy punct 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 have aux 4 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 5 have nsubj 5 have have VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 biscuit det 7 biscuit biscuit NOUN Number=Sing 5 have obj 8 ? ? PUNCT _ 5 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have can I a biscuit Mammy vocative vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent biscuit=Patient
Example 2 Siobhan ran home to tell her mammy about the prize.
nsubj advmod mark advcl nmod:poss obj case det obl punct root Siobhan PROPN ran VERB home ADV to PART tell VERB her PRON mammy NOUN about ADP the DET prize NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Siobhan Siobhan PROPN Number=Sing 2 ran nsubj 2 ran run VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 home home ADV _ 2 ran advmod 4 to to PART _ 5 tell mark 5 tell tell VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 ran advcl 6 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 mammy nmod:poss 7 mammy mammy NOUN Number=Sing 5 tell obj 8 about about ADP _ 10 prize case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 prize det 10 prize prize NOUN Number=Sing 5 tell obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 ran punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 run past Siobhan home property vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 tell speech: assert to-infinitive Siobhan not said here Siobhan's mammy about the prize vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent mammy=Recipient about prize=Topic
Example 3 In Dublin lots of kids still say mammy instead of mum.
case obl nsubj case nmod advmod obj case fixed obl punct root In ADP Dublin PROPN lots NOUN of ADP kids NOUN still ADV say VERB mammy NOUN instead ADV of ADP mum NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 Dublin case 2 Dublin Dublin PROPN Number=Sing 7 say obl 3 lots lot NOUN Number=Plur 7 say nsubj 4 of of ADP _ 5 kids case 5 kids kid NOUN Number=Plur 3 lots nmod 6 still still ADV _ 7 say advmod 7 say say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 8 mammy mammy NOUN Number=Sing 7 say obj 9 instead instead ADV ExtPos=ADP 11 mum case 10 of of ADP _ 9 instead fixed 11 mum mum NOUN Number=Sing 7 say obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 7 say punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert present lots of kids mammy Dublin still instead mum vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP PP.manner»: agent=Agent mammy=Theme in dublin=Manner
Example 4 «Wait till your mammy hears about this!» said Granda.
punct ccomp mark nmod:poss nsubj advcl case obl punct punct nsubj punct root « PUNCT Wait VERB till SCONJ your PRON mammy NOUN hears VERB about ADP this PRON ! PUNCT » PUNCT said VERB Granda PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 Wait punct 2 Wait wait VERB VerbForm=Inf 11 said ccomp 3 till till SCONJ _ 6 hears mark 4 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 mammy nmod:poss 5 mammy mammy NOUN Number=Sing 6 hears nsubj 6 hears hear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 Wait advcl 7 about about ADP _ 8 this case 8 this this PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 6 hears obl 9 ! ! PUNCT _ 2 Wait punct 10 » » PUNCT _ 2 Wait punct 11 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 12 Granda Granda PROPN Number=Sing 11 said nsubj 13 . . PUNCT _ 11 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wait in a quote infinitive vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 hear in a quote present your mammy about this vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer about this=Stimulus 3 say speech: express past Granda vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
Example 5 My mammy makes the best brown bread in Cork.
nmod:poss nsubj det amod amod obj case nmod punct root My PRON mammy NOUN makes VERB the DET best ADJ brown ADJ bread NOUN in ADP Cork PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 mammy nmod:poss 2 mammy mammy NOUN Number=Sing 3 makes nsubj 3 makes make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 bread det 5 best good ADJ Degree=Sup 7 bread amod 6 brown brown ADJ Degree=Pos 7 bread amod 7 bread bread NOUN Number=Sing 3 makes obj 8 in in ADP _ 9 Cork case 9 Cork Cork PROPN Number=Sing 7 bread nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 makes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make present My mammy the best brown bread Cork vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset bread=Product
Example 6 The old film used a hurtful «mammy» character, and our teacher explained why it is racist.
The tree, 16 words det amod nsubj det amod punct compound punct obj punct cc nmod:poss nsubj parataxis advmod nsubj cop ccomp punct root The DET old ADJ film NOUN used VERB a DET hurtful ADJ « PUNCT mammy NOUN » PUNCT character NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ our PRON teacher NOUN explained VERB why ADV it PRON is AUX racist ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 film det 2 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 3 film amod 3 film film NOUN Number=Sing 4 used nsubj 4 used use VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 character det 6 hurtful hurtful ADJ Degree=Pos 10 character amod 7 « « PUNCT _ 8 mammy punct 8 mammy mammy NOUN Number=Sing 10 character compound 9 » » PUNCT _ 8 mammy punct 10 character character NOUN Number=Sing 4 used obj 11 , , PUNCT _ 15 explained punct 12 and and CCONJ _ 15 explained cc 13 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 14 teacher nmod:poss 14 teacher teacher NOUN Number=Sing 15 explained nsubj 15 explained explain VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 used parataxis 16 why why ADV PronType=Int 19 racist advmod 17 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 19 racist nsubj 18 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 19 racist cop 19 racist racist ADJ Degree=Pos 15 explained ccomp 20 . . PUNCT _ 4 used punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use past the old film a hurtful mammy character vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent character=Patient 2 explain speech: assert past our teacher vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 is present teacher racist property tree rules
Example 7 Mammy and Daddy are coming to the school play.
nsubj cc conj aux case det compound obl punct root Mammy PROPN and CCONJ Daddy PROPN are AUX coming VERB to ADP the DET school NOUN play NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mammy Mammy PROPN Number=Sing 5 coming nsubj 2 and and CCONJ _ 3 Daddy cc 3 Daddy Daddy PROPN Number=Sing 1 Mammy conj 4 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 coming aux 5 coming come VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 6 to to ADP _ 9 play case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 play det 8 school school NOUN Number=Sing 9 play compound 9 play play NOUN Number=Sing 5 coming obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 coming punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come present · progressive Mammy and Daddy the school play vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to play=Initial_Location
Example 8 "Mammy," says the child, "they've pulled granny's skin off while you were away."
The tree, 15 words punct nsubj punct punct det obj punct punct nsubj:pass aux conj nmod:poss case obj compound:prt mark nsubj cop advcl punct punct root " PUNCT Mammy PROPN , PUNCT " PUNCT says VERB the DET child NOUN , PUNCT " PUNCT they PRON 've AUX pulled VERB granny NOUN 's PART skin NOUN off ADP while SCONJ you PRON were AUX away ADV . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 2 Mammy punct 2 Mammy Mammy PROPN Number=Sing 5 says nsubj 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 Mammy punct 4 " " PUNCT _ 2 Mammy punct 5 says say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 child det 7 child child NOUN Number=Sing 5 says obj 8 , , PUNCT _ 12 pulled punct 9 " " PUNCT _ 12 pulled punct 10 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 12 pulled nsubj:pass 11 've have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 pulled aux 12 pulled pull VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 says conj 13 granny granny NOUN Number=Sing 15 skin nmod:poss 14 's 's PART _ 13 granny case 15 skin skin NOUN Number=Sing 12 pulled obj 16 off off ADP _ 12 pulled compound:prt 17 while while SCONJ _ 20 away mark 18 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 20 away nsubj 19 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 20 away cop 20 away away ADV _ 12 pulled advcl 21 . . PUNCT _ 5 says punct 22 " " PUNCT _ 5 says punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert present Mammy the child vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent child=Topic 2 pull off in a quote present · perfect · passive they tree rules 3 is in a quote past you away property tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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