maya Who acts: people, southern Mexico, girl, ancient Maya, Maya, Chocolate drinks · What happens: build, civilise, name, count, be, use · To what, where: stone cities, tall stone pyramids, twenties, sign, number glyphs, Mexico · Speech: someone speaks here
«maya» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: maya in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A people of Central America (southern Mexico, Guatemala, Belize and nearby) whose ancient civilisation built stone cities and pyramids.
The tree, 19 words det nsubj case flat nmod punct amod nmod punct conj punct conj cc advmod punct nmod:poss amod conj compound obj cc conj punct root A DET people NOUN of ADP Central PROPN America PROPN ( PUNCT southern ADJ Mexico PROPN , PUNCT Guatemala PROPN , PUNCT Belize PROPN and CCONJ nearby ADV ) PUNCT whose PRON ancient ADJ civilisation NOUN built VERB stone NOUN cities NOUN and CCONJ pyramids NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 people det 2 people people NOUN Number=Plur 19 built nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 5 America case 4 Central Central PROPN Number=Sing 5 America flat 5 America America PROPN Number=Sing 2 people nmod 6 ( ( PUNCT _ 8 Mexico punct 7 southern southern ADJ Degree=Pos 8 Mexico amod 8 Mexico Mexico PROPN Number=Sing 2 people nmod 9 , , PUNCT _ 10 Guatemala punct 10 Guatemala Guatemala PROPN Number=Sing 8 Mexico conj 11 , , PUNCT _ 12 Belize punct 12 Belize Belize PROPN Number=Sing 8 Mexico conj 13 and and CCONJ _ 18 civilisation cc 14 nearby nearby ADV _ 18 civilisation advmod 15 ) ) PUNCT _ 14 nearby punct 16 whose whose PRON Poss=Yes PronType=Rel 18 civilisation nmod:poss 17 ancient ancient ADJ Degree=Pos 18 civilisation amod 18 civilisation civilisation NOUN Number=Sing 8 Mexico conj 19 built build VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 20 stone stone NOUN Number=Sing 21 cities compound 21 cities city NOUN Number=Plur 19 built obj 22 and and CCONJ _ 23 pyramids cc 23 pyramids pyramid NOUN Number=Plur 21 cities conj 24 . . PUNCT _ 19 built punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 build past a people of Central America southern Mexico and Guatemala and Belize and southern Mexico and Guatemala and Belize and ancient civilisation's ancient civilisation stone cities and pyramids vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent city=Product 2 civilise southern Mexico and Guatemala and Belize and southern Mexico and Guatemala and Belize and ancient civilisation's ancient civilisation nom civilisation «process transitive»: poss=agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 One of the Mayan languages.
case det amod nmod punct root One NUM of ADP the DET Mayan ADJ languages NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 One one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card root root 2 of of ADP _ 5 languages case 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 languages det 4 Mayan mayan ADJ Degree=Pos 5 languages amod 5 languages language NOUN Number=Plur 1 One nmod 6 . . PUNCT _ 1 One punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Meaning 3 A girl's name.
det nmod:poss case punct root A DET girl NOUN 's PART name NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 girl det 2 girl girl NOUN Number=Sing 4 name nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 girl case 4 name name NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 . . PUNCT _ 4 name punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 name a girl nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Example 1 The ancient Maya built tall stone pyramids.
det amod nsubj amod compound obj punct root The DET ancient ADJ Maya PROPN built VERB tall ADJ stone NOUN pyramids NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 Maya det 2 ancient ancient ADJ Degree=Pos 3 Maya amod 3 Maya Maya PROPN Number=Sing 4 built nsubj 4 built build VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 tall tall ADJ Degree=Pos 7 pyramids amod 6 stone stone NOUN Number=Sing 7 pyramids compound 7 pyramids pyramid NOUN Number=Plur 4 built obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 built punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 build past the ancient Maya tall stone pyramids vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pyramid=Product
Example 2 The Maya counted in twenties, not tens.
det nsubj case obl punct advmod conj punct root The DET Maya PROPN counted VERB in ADP twenties NOUN , PUNCT not PART tens NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 Maya det 2 Maya Maya PROPN Number=Sing 3 counted nsubj 3 counted count VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 in in ADP _ 5 twenties case 5 twenties twenty NOUN Number=Plur 3 counted obl 6 , , PUNCT _ 8 tens punct 7 not not PART Polarity=Neg 8 tens advmod 8 tens ten NOUN Number=Plur 5 twenties conj 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 counted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 count past the Maya twenties and tens vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus
Example 3 The Maya were among the first people to use a sign for zero.
det nsubj cop case det amod mark acl det obj case obl punct root The DET Maya PROPN were AUX among ADP the DET first ADJ people NOUN to PART use VERB a DET sign NOUN for ADP zero NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 Maya det 2 Maya Maya PROPN Number=Sing 7 people nsubj 3 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 people cop 4 among among ADP _ 7 people case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 people det 6 first first ADJ Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 7 people amod 7 people people NOUN Number=Plur root root 8 to to PART _ 9 use mark 9 use use VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 people acl 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 sign det 11 sign sign NOUN Number=Sing 9 use obj 12 for for ADP _ 13 zero case 13 zero zero NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 9 use obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 7 people punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past the Maya among the first people tree rules 2 use to-infinitive a sign for zero vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: agent=Agent sign=Theme for zero=Eventuality
Example 4 Chocolate drinks were important to the Maya.
compound nsubj cop case det obl punct root Chocolate NOUN drinks NOUN were AUX important ADJ to ADP the DET Maya PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Chocolate chocolate NOUN Number=Sing 2 drinks compound 2 drinks drink NOUN Number=Plur 4 important nsubj 3 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 important cop 4 important important ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 to to ADP _ 7 Maya case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 Maya det 7 Maya Maya PROPN Number=Sing 4 important obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 important punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past Chocolate drinks to the Maya; important property tree rules
Example 5 We made Maya number glyphs with dots and bars.
nsubj compound compound obj case obl cc conj punct root We PRON made VERB Maya PROPN number NOUN glyphs NOUN with ADP dots NOUN and CCONJ bars NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 made nsubj 2 made make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 Maya Maya PROPN Number=Sing 4 number compound 4 number number NOUN Number=Sing 5 glyphs compound 5 glyphs glyph NOUN Number=Plur 2 made obj 6 with with ADP _ 7 dots case 7 dots dot NOUN Number=Plur 2 made obl 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 bars cc 9 bars bar NOUN Number=Plur 7 dots conj 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make past We number glyphs with dots and bars vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent glyph=Product
Example 6 Millions of Maya people still live in Mexico and Guatemala today.
nsubj case compound nmod advmod case obl cc conj obl:unmarked punct root Millions NOUN of ADP Maya PROPN people NOUN still ADV live VERB in ADP Mexico PROPN and CCONJ Guatemala PROPN today NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Millions million NOUN Number=Plur 6 live nsubj 2 of of ADP _ 4 people case 3 Maya Maya PROPN Number=Sing 4 people compound 4 people people NOUN Number=Plur 1 Millions nmod 5 still still ADV _ 6 live advmod 6 live live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 in in ADP _ 8 Mexico case 8 Mexico Mexico PROPN Number=Sing 6 live obl 9 and and CCONJ _ 10 Guatemala cc 10 Guatemala Guatemala PROPN Number=Sing 8 Mexico conj 11 today today NOUN Number=Sing 6 live obl:unmarked 12 . . PUNCT _ 6 live punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 live present Millions of Maya people Mexico and Guatemala still; today vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in mexico=Location
Example 7 Maya is in my class and sits next to me.
nsubj cop case nmod:poss cc conj advmod case obl punct root Maya PROPN is AUX in ADP my PRON class NOUN and CCONJ sits VERB next ADV to ADP me PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Maya Maya PROPN Number=Sing 5 class nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 class cop 3 in in ADP _ 5 class case 4 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 class nmod:poss 5 class class NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 and and CCONJ _ 7 sits cc 7 sits sit VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 class conj 8 next next ADV _ 7 sits advmod 9 to to ADP _ 10 me case 10 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 7 sits obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 5 class punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Maya my class tree rules 2 sit present Maya not said here me next property vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 8 Maya writing used picture-like symbols called glyphs.
nsubj aux:pass compound punct amod obj acl xcomp punct root Maya PROPN writing VERB used VERB picture NOUN - PUNCT like ADJ symbols NOUN called VERB glyphs NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Maya Maya PROPN Number=Sing 3 used nsubj 2 writing write VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 used aux:pass 3 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 picture picture NOUN Number=Sing 6 like compound 5 - - PUNCT _ 4 picture punct 6 like like ADJ Degree=Pos 7 symbols amod 7 symbols symbol NOUN Number=Plur 3 used obj 8 called call VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 symbols acl 9 glyphs glyph NOUN Number=Plur 8 called xcomp 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 used punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use gerund · passive Maya tree rules 2 call participle like symbols not said here glyphs vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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