meadow Who acts: meadow, We, Bees, Cows, path, school · What happens: be, use, graze, have, buzz, go · To what, where: field, animals, picnic, meadow, wildflower meadow, small meadow
«meadow» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: meadow in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A meadow is a field of grass and wild flowers, often used for hay or grazing animals.
The tree, 17 words det nsubj cop det case nmod cc amod conj punct advmod acl case obl cc conj obj punct root A DET meadow NOUN is AUX a DET field NOUN of ADP grass NOUN and CCONJ wild ADJ flowers NOUN , PUNCT often ADV used VERB for ADP hay NOUN or CCONJ grazing VERB animals NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 meadow det 2 meadow meadow NOUN Number=Sing 5 field nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 field cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 field det 5 field field NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of ADP _ 7 grass case 7 grass grass NOUN Number=Sing 5 field nmod 8 and and CCONJ _ 10 flowers cc 9 wild wild ADJ Degree=Pos 10 flowers amod 10 flowers flower NOUN Number=Plur 7 grass conj 11 , , PUNCT _ 13 used punct 12 often often ADV _ 13 used advmod 13 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 field acl 14 for for ADP _ 15 hay case 15 hay hay NOUN Number=Sing 13 used obl 16 or or CCONJ _ 17 grazing cc 17 grazing graze VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 15 hay conj 18 animals animal NOUN Number=Plur 17 grazing obj 19 . . PUNCT _ 5 field punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a meadow a field of grass and wild flowers tree rules 2 use participle a field not said here for hay; often property vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 graze gerund animals vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent animal=Experiencer
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Example 1 We had a picnic in the meadow.
nsubj det obj case det obl punct root We PRON had VERB a DET picnic NOUN in ADP the DET meadow NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 had nsubj 2 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 picnic det 4 picnic picnic NOUN Number=Sing 2 had obj 5 in in ADP _ 7 meadow case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 meadow det 7 meadow meadow NOUN Number=Sing 2 had obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past We a picnic the meadow vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent picnic=Patient
Example 2 The meadow was full of buttercups and daisies.
det nsubj cop case obl cc conj punct root The DET meadow NOUN was AUX full ADJ of ADP buttercups NOUN and CCONJ daisies NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 meadow det 2 meadow meadow NOUN Number=Sing 4 full nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 full cop 4 full full ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 of of ADP _ 6 buttercups case 6 buttercups buttercup NOUN Number=Plur 4 full obl 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 daisies cc 8 daisies daisy NOUN Number=Plur 6 buttercups conj 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 full punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past the meadow of buttercups and daisies; full property tree rules
Example 3 Bees buzzed over the wildflower meadow.
nsubj case det compound obl punct root Bees NOUN buzzed VERB over ADP the DET wildflower NOUN meadow NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Bees bee NOUN Number=Plur 2 buzzed nsubj 2 buzzed buzz VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 over over ADP _ 6 meadow case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 meadow det 5 wildflower wildflower NOUN Number=Sing 6 meadow compound 6 meadow meadow NOUN Number=Sing 2 buzzed obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 buzzed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 buzz past Bees the wildflower meadow vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over meadow=Location
Example 4 Cows were grazing in the meadow.
nsubj aux case det obl punct root Cows NOUN were AUX grazing VERB in ADP the DET meadow NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Cows cow NOUN Number=Plur 3 grazing nsubj 2 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 grazing aux 3 grazing graze VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 in in ADP _ 6 meadow case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 meadow det 6 meadow meadow NOUN Number=Sing 3 grazing obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 grazing punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 graze past · progressive Cows the meadow vn dine-39.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 5 The path went across the meadow to the river.
det nsubj case det obl case det obl punct root The DET path NOUN went VERB across ADP the DET meadow NOUN to ADP the DET river NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 path det 2 path path NOUN Number=Sing 3 went nsubj 3 went go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 across across ADP _ 6 meadow case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 meadow det 6 meadow meadow NOUN Number=Sing 3 went obl 7 to to ADP _ 9 river case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 river det 9 river river NOUN Number=Sing 3 went obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 went punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go past the path the meadow to the river vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme across meadow=Initial_Location to river=Destination
Example 6 Our school planted a small meadow for insects.
nmod:poss nsubj det amod obj case obl punct root Our PRON school NOUN planted VERB a DET small ADJ meadow NOUN for ADP insects NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 school nmod:poss 2 school school NOUN Number=Sing 3 planted nsubj 3 planted plant VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 meadow det 5 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 6 meadow amod 6 meadow meadow NOUN Number=Sing 3 planted obj 7 for for ADP _ 8 insects case 8 insects insect NOUN Number=Plur 3 planted obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 planted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 plant past Our school a small meadow for insects vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent meadow=Patient
Example 7 Butterflies love sunny meadows.
nsubj amod obj punct root Butterflies NOUN love VERB sunny ADJ meadows NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Butterflies butterfly NOUN Number=Plur 2 love nsubj 2 love love VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 sunny sunny ADJ Degree=Pos 4 meadows amod 4 meadows meadow NOUN Number=Plur 2 love obj 5 . . PUNCT _ 2 love punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 love present Butterflies sunny meadows vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer meadow=Stimulus
Example 8 The farmer cuts the meadow for hay in summer.
det nsubj det obj case obl case nmod punct root The DET farmer NOUN cuts VERB the DET meadow NOUN for ADP hay NOUN in ADP summer NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 farmer det 2 farmer farmer NOUN Number=Sing 3 cuts nsubj 3 cuts cut VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 meadow det 5 meadow meadow NOUN Number=Sing 3 cuts obj 6 for for ADP _ 7 hay case 7 hay hay NOUN Number=Sing 3 cuts obl 8 in in ADP _ 9 summer case 9 summer summer NOUN Number=Sing 7 hay nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 cuts punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cut present the farmer the meadow for hay in summer vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP P.asset»: agent=Agent meadow=Product for hay=Asset
Example 9 Moorland and meadow are covered with ice and snow.
nsubj:pass cc conj aux:pass case obl cc conj punct root Moorland NOUN and CCONJ meadow NOUN are AUX covered VERB with ADP ice NOUN and CCONJ snow NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Moorland moorland NOUN Number=Sing 5 covered nsubj:pass 2 and and CCONJ _ 3 meadow cc 3 meadow meadow NOUN Number=Sing 1 Moorland conj 4 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 covered aux:pass 5 covered cover VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 with with ADP _ 7 ice case 7 ice ice NOUN Number=Sing 5 covered obl 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 snow cc 9 snow snow NOUN Number=Sing 7 ice conj 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 covered punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cover present · passive Moorland and meadow with ice and snow vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination with ice=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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