megalosaurus Who acts: Megalosaurus, large eating dinosaur, It, first dinosaur, Charles · What happens: eat, be, live, give, walk, name · To what, where: large eating dinosaur, England, first dinosaur, scientific name, 1824, two legs
«megalosaurus» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: megalosaurus in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Megalosaurus was a large meat-eating dinosaur that lived in what is now England about 166 million years ago.
The tree, 19 words nsubj cop det amod compound punct amod nsubj acl:relcl case nsubj cop advmod obl advmod compound nummod obl:unmarked advmod punct root Megalosaurus PROPN was AUX a DET large ADJ meat NOUN - PUNCT eating VERB dinosaur NOUN that PRON lived VERB in ADP what PRON is AUX now ADV England PROPN about ADV 166 NUM million NUM years NOUN ago ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Megalosaurus Megalosaurus PROPN Number=Sing 8 dinosaur nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 dinosaur cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 dinosaur det 4 large large ADJ Degree=Pos 8 dinosaur amod 5 meat meat NOUN Number=Sing 7 eating compound 6 - - PUNCT _ 5 meat punct 7 eating eat VERB VerbForm=Ger 8 dinosaur amod 8 dinosaur dinosaur NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 that that PRON PronType=Rel 10 lived nsubj 10 lived live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 dinosaur acl:relcl 11 in in ADP _ 15 England case 12 what what PRON PronType=Int 15 England nsubj 13 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 15 England cop 14 now now ADV PronType=Dem 15 England advmod 15 England England PROPN Number=Sing 10 lived obl 16 about about ADV _ 18 million advmod 17 166 166 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 18 million compound 18 million million NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 19 years nummod 19 years year NOUN Number=Plur 20 ago obl:unmarked 20 ago ago ADV _ 10 lived advmod 21 . . PUNCT _ 8 dinosaur punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 eat gerund vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is a past Megalosaurus a large eating dinosaur tree rules 3 live past a large eating dinosaur ago property vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 4 is present England now tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 It was the first dinosaur ever given a scientific name, in 1824.
nsubj cop det amod advmod acl det amod obj punct case obl punct root It PRON was AUX the DET first ADJ dinosaur NOUN ever ADV given VERB a DET scientific ADJ name NOUN , PUNCT in ADP 1824 NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 dinosaur nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 dinosaur cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 dinosaur det 4 first first ADJ Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 5 dinosaur amod 5 dinosaur dinosaur NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 ever ever ADV PronType=Ind 7 given advmod 7 given give VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 dinosaur acl 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 name det 9 scientific scientific ADJ Degree=Pos 10 name amod 10 name name NOUN Number=Sing 7 given obj 11 , , PUNCT _ 13 1824 punct 12 in in ADP _ 13 1824 case 13 1824 1824 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 7 given obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 5 dinosaur punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past It the first dinosaur tree rules 2 give participle the first dinosaur not said here a scientific name 1824 ever vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent name=Theme
Example 1 Megalosaurus walked on two legs.
nsubj case nummod obl punct root Megalosaurus PROPN walked VERB on ADP two NUM legs NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Megalosaurus Megalosaurus PROPN Number=Sing 2 walked nsubj 2 walked walk VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 on on ADP _ 5 legs case 4 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 5 legs nummod 5 legs leg NOUN Number=Plur 2 walked obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 walked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 walk past Megalosaurus two legs vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on leg=Trajectory
Example 2 Megalosaurus was the first dinosaur to be named.
nsubj cop det amod mark aux:pass acl punct root Megalosaurus PROPN was AUX the DET first ADJ dinosaur NOUN to PART be AUX named VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Megalosaurus Megalosaurus PROPN Number=Sing 5 dinosaur nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 dinosaur cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 dinosaur det 4 first first ADJ Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 5 dinosaur amod 5 dinosaur dinosaur NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 to to PART _ 8 named mark 7 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 8 named aux:pass 8 named name VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 dinosaur acl 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 dinosaur punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past Megalosaurus the first dinosaur tree rules 2 name to-infinitive · passive vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»
Example 3 Its bones were found near Oxford.
nmod:poss nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl punct root Its PRON bones NOUN were AUX found VERB near ADP Oxford PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 bones nmod:poss 2 bones bone NOUN Number=Plur 4 found nsubj:pass 3 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 found aux:pass 4 found find VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 near near ADP _ 6 Oxford case 6 Oxford Oxford PROPN Number=Sing 4 found obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 found punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 find past · passive Its bones Oxford vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic
Example 4 Megalosaurus means «great lizard».
nsubj punct amod obj punct punct root Megalosaurus PROPN means VERB « PUNCT great ADJ lizard NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Megalosaurus Megalosaurus PROPN Number=Sing 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 « « PUNCT _ 5 lizard punct 4 great great ADJ Degree=Pos 5 lizard amod 5 lizard lizard NOUN Number=Sing 2 means obj 6 » » PUNCT _ 5 lizard punct 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Megalosaurus great lizard vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lizard=Topic
Example 5 Charles Dickens mentioned a Megalosaurus in one of his books.
nsubj flat det obj case obl case nmod:poss nmod punct root Charles PROPN Dickens PROPN mentioned VERB a DET Megalosaurus PROPN in ADP one NUM of ADP his PRON books NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Charles Charles PROPN Number=Sing 3 mentioned nsubj 2 Dickens Dickens PROPN Number=Sing 1 Charles flat 3 mentioned mention VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 Megalosaurus det 5 Megalosaurus Megalosaurus PROPN Number=Sing 3 mentioned obj 6 in in ADP _ 7 one case 7 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 3 mentioned obl 8 of of ADP _ 10 books case 9 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 books nmod:poss 10 books book NOUN Number=Plur 7 one nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 mentioned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mention speech: other past Charles a Megalosaurus in one of Charles's books vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent megalosaurus=Topic
Example 6 Megalosaurus had sharp, curved teeth.
nsubj amod punct amod obj punct root Megalosaurus PROPN had VERB sharp ADJ , PUNCT curved VERB teeth NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Megalosaurus Megalosaurus PROPN Number=Sing 2 had nsubj 2 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 sharp sharp ADJ Degree=Pos 6 teeth amod 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 curved punct 5 curved curve VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 teeth amod 6 teeth tooth NOUN Number=Plur 2 had obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past Megalosaurus sharp curved teeth vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tooth=Patient 2 curve participle vn knead-26.5 «NP.material V PP.product»: agent=Material
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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