minimalism Who acts: style, you, Minimalism, art teacher, new library, aunt · What happens: use, leave out, not need, live, buy, need · To what, where: few simple shapes, everything, simple shapes, minimalism, us, style
«minimalism» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: minimalism in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Usage: art, design, music — kept apart, not parsed.
A style that uses very few, simple shapes, colours or notes, leaving out everything that is not needed.
The tree, 18 words det nsubj acl:relcl advmod amod punct amod obj punct conj cc conj punct advcl compound:prt obj nsubj:pass aux:pass advmod acl:relcl punct root A DET style NOUN that PRON uses VERB very ADV few ADJ , PUNCT simple ADJ shapes NOUN , PUNCT colours NOUN or CCONJ notes NOUN , PUNCT leaving VERB out ADP everything PRON that PRON is AUX not PART needed VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 style det 2 style style NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 that that PRON PronType=Rel 4 uses nsubj 4 uses use VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 style acl:relcl 5 very very ADV _ 6 few advmod 6 few few ADJ Degree=Pos 9 shapes amod 7 , , PUNCT _ 9 shapes punct 8 simple simple ADJ Degree=Pos 9 shapes amod 9 shapes shape NOUN Number=Plur 4 uses obj 10 , , PUNCT _ 11 colours punct 11 colours colour NOUN Number=Plur 9 shapes conj 12 or or CCONJ _ 13 notes cc 13 notes note NOUN Number=Plur 9 shapes conj 14 , , PUNCT _ 15 leaving punct 15 leaving leave VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 4 uses advcl 16 out out ADP _ 15 leaving compound:prt 17 everything everything PRON Number=Sing PronType=Tot 15 leaving obj 18 that that PRON PronType=Rel 21 needed nsubj:pass 19 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 21 needed aux:pass 20 not not PART Polarity=Neg 21 needed advmod 21 needed need VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 17 everything acl:relcl 22 . . PUNCT _ 2 style punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use present a style few simple shapes and colours or notes vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shape=Patient 2 leave out gerund a style not said here everything vn neglect-75.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent everything=Theme 3 not need present · passive vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: subject=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: lifestyle — kept apart, not parsed.
Living with fewer things and buying only what you really need.
case amod obl cc conj advmod obj nsubj advmod acl:relcl punct root Living VERB with ADP fewer ADJ things NOUN and CCONJ buying VERB only ADV what PRON you PRON really ADV need VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Living live VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 2 with with ADP _ 4 things case 3 fewer few ADJ Degree=Cmp 4 things amod 4 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 1 Living obl 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 buying cc 6 buying buy VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 1 Living conj 7 only only ADV _ 8 what advmod 8 what what PRON PronType=Int 6 buying obj 9 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 11 need nsubj 10 really really ADV _ 11 need advmod 11 need need VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 what acl:relcl 12 . . PUNCT _ 1 Living punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 live gerund with fewer things vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme with thing=Location 2 buy gerund vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Theme 3 need present you vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot
Example 1 Minimalism uses simple shapes and lots of empty space.
nsubj amod obj cc conj case amod nmod punct root Minimalism NOUN uses VERB simple ADJ shapes NOUN and CCONJ lots NOUN of ADP empty ADJ space NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Minimalism minimalism NOUN Number=Sing 2 uses nsubj 2 uses use VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 simple simple ADJ Degree=Pos 4 shapes amod 4 shapes shape NOUN Number=Plur 2 uses obj 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 lots cc 6 lots lot NOUN Number=Plur 4 shapes conj 7 of of ADP _ 9 space case 8 empty empty ADJ Degree=Pos 9 space amod 9 space space NOUN Number=Sing 6 lots nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 uses punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use present Minimalism simple shapes and lots of empty space vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shape=Patient
Example 2 Our art teacher showed us minimalism with paintings of single squares.
nmod:poss compound nsubj iobj obj case nmod case amod nmod punct root Our PRON art NOUN teacher NOUN showed VERB us PRON minimalism NOUN with ADP paintings NOUN of ADP single ADJ squares NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 teacher nmod:poss 2 art art NOUN Number=Sing 3 teacher compound 3 teacher teacher NOUN Number=Sing 4 showed nsubj 4 showed show VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 us we PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 showed iobj 6 minimalism minimalism NOUN Number=Sing 4 showed obj 7 with with ADP _ 8 paintings case 8 paintings painting NOUN Number=Plur 6 minimalism nmod 9 of of ADP _ 11 squares case 10 single single ADJ Degree=Pos 11 squares amod 11 squares square NOUN Number=Plur 8 paintings nmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 4 showed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 show past Our art teacher minimalism us with paintings of single squares vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent we=Recipient minimalism=Topic
Example 3 The new library has a style of minimalism: white walls and plain shelves.
The tree, 13 words det amod nsubj det obj case nmod punct amod obj cc amod conj punct root The DET new ADJ library NOUN has VERB a DET style NOUN of ADP minimalism NOUN : PUNCT white ADJ walls NOUN and CCONJ plain ADJ shelves NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 library det 2 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 3 library amod 3 library library NOUN Number=Sing 4 has nsubj 4 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 style det 6 style style NOUN Number=Sing 4 has obj 7 of of ADP _ 8 minimalism case 8 minimalism minimalism NOUN Number=Sing 6 style nmod 9 : : PUNCT _ 11 walls punct 10 white white ADJ Degree=Pos 11 walls amod 11 walls wall NOUN Number=Plur 4 has obj 12 and and CCONJ _ 14 shelves cc 13 plain plain ADJ Degree=Pos 14 shelves amod 14 shelves shelf NOUN Number=Plur 11 walls conj 15 . . PUNCT _ 4 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present the new library a style of minimalism tree rules
Example 4 Minimalism in music repeats short patterns.
nsubj case nmod amod obj punct root Minimalism NOUN in ADP music NOUN repeats VERB short ADJ patterns NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Minimalism minimalism NOUN Number=Sing 4 repeats nsubj 2 in in ADP _ 3 music case 3 music music NOUN Number=Sing 1 Minimalism nmod 4 repeats repeat VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 short short ADJ Degree=Pos 6 patterns amod 6 patterns pattern NOUN Number=Plur 4 repeats obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 repeats punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 repeat present Minimalism in music short patterns vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pattern=Eventuality
Example 5 My aunt tried minimalism and gave away half her clothes.
nmod:poss nsubj obj cc conj advmod det:predet nmod:poss obj punct root My PRON aunt NOUN tried VERB minimalism NOUN and CCONJ gave VERB away ADV half DET her PRON clothes NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 aunt nmod:poss 2 aunt aunt NOUN Number=Sing 3 tried nsubj 3 tried try VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 minimalism minimalism NOUN Number=Sing 3 tried obj 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 gave cc 6 gave give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 tried conj 7 away away ADV _ 6 gave advmod 8 half half DET NumForm=Word NumType=Frac PronType=Ind 10 clothes det:predet 9 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 clothes nmod:poss 10 clothes clothes NOUN Number=Ptan 6 gave obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 tried punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 try past My aunt minimalism vn try-61.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent minimalism=Eventuality 2 give away past My aunt not said here aunt's clothes away property vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent clothes=Theme
Example 6 Minimalism can help the planet by reducing waste.
nsubj aux det obj mark advcl obj punct root Minimalism NOUN can AUX help VERB the DET planet NOUN by SCONJ reducing VERB waste NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Minimalism minimalism NOUN Number=Sing 3 help nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 help aux 3 help help VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 planet det 5 planet planet NOUN Number=Sing 3 help obj 6 by by SCONJ _ 7 reducing mark 7 reducing reduce VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 3 help advcl 8 waste waste NOUN Number=Sing 7 reducing obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 help punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 help can Minimalism the planet vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent planet=Beneficiary 2 reduce gerund Minimalism not said here waste vn limit-76 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer waste=Patient
Example 7 Phone apps often use minimalism so they are easy to use.
compound nsubj advmod obj advmod nsubj cop advcl mark xcomp punct root Phone NOUN apps NOUN often ADV use VERB minimalism NOUN so ADV they PRON are AUX easy ADJ to PART use VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Phone phone NOUN Number=Sing 2 apps compound 2 apps app NOUN Number=Plur 4 use nsubj 3 often often ADV _ 4 use advmod 4 use use VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 minimalism minimalism NOUN Number=Sing 4 use obj 6 so so ADV _ 9 easy advmod 7 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 easy nsubj 8 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 easy cop 9 easy easy ADJ Degree=Pos 4 use advcl 10 to to PART _ 11 use mark 11 use use VERB VerbForm=Inf 9 easy xcomp 12 . . PUNCT _ 4 use punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use present Phone apps minimalism often property vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent minimalism=Patient 2 is present apps = app easy property tree rules 3 use to-infinitive apps = app not said here vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 8 Some people find minimalism calming; others find it boring.
det nsubj obj xcomp punct nsubj conj obj xcomp punct root Some DET people NOUN find VERB minimalism NOUN calming ADJ ; PUNCT others NOUN find VERB it PRON boring ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Some some DET PronType=Ind 2 people det 2 people people NOUN Number=Plur 3 find nsubj 3 find find VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 minimalism minimalism NOUN Number=Sing 3 find obj 5 calming calming ADJ Degree=Pos 3 find xcomp 6 ; ; PUNCT _ 8 find punct 7 others other NOUN Number=Plur 8 find nsubj 8 find find VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 find conj 9 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 find obj 10 boring boring ADJ Degree=Pos 8 find xcomp 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 find punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 find present some people minimalism calming property vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent minimalism=Topic 2 find present others minimalism boring property vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Topic
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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