mirage Who acts: mirage, you, that, hot air, hope, we · What happens: be, seem, see, not be, cause, bend · To what, where: something, light, hope, mirage, hot road, hot air · Speech: someone speaks here
«mirage» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: mirage in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A mirage is something you seem to see that is not really there, caused by hot air bending light, like a pool of water on a hot road or in a desert.
The tree, 32 words det nsubj cop nsubj acl:relcl mark xcomp nsubj cop advmod advmod ccomp punct acl case amod obl acl obj punct case det obl case nmod case det amod nmod cc case det conj punct root A DET mirage NOUN is AUX something PRON you PRON seem VERB to PART see VERB that PRON is AUX not PART really ADV there ADV , PUNCT caused VERB by ADP hot ADJ air NOUN bending VERB light NOUN , PUNCT like ADP a DET pool NOUN of ADP water NOUN on ADP a DET hot ADJ road NOUN or CCONJ in ADP a DET desert NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 mirage det 2 mirage mirage NOUN Number=Sing 4 something nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 something cop 4 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind root root 5 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 6 seem nsubj 6 seem seem VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 something acl:relcl 7 to to PART _ 8 see mark 8 see see VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 seem xcomp 9 that that PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 13 there nsubj 10 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 there cop 11 not not PART Polarity=Neg 13 there advmod 12 really really ADV _ 13 there advmod 13 there there ADV PronType=Dem 8 see ccomp 14 , , PUNCT _ 15 caused punct 15 caused cause VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 something acl 16 by by ADP _ 18 air case 17 hot hot ADJ Degree=Pos 18 air amod 18 air air NOUN Number=Sing 15 caused obl 19 bending bend VERB VerbForm=Ger 18 air acl 20 light light NOUN Number=Sing 19 bending obj 21 , , PUNCT _ 24 pool punct 22 like like ADP _ 24 pool case 23 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 24 pool det 24 pool pool NOUN Number=Sing 19 bending obl 25 of of ADP _ 26 water case 26 water water NOUN Number=Sing 24 pool nmod 27 on on ADP _ 30 road case 28 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 30 road det 29 hot hot ADJ Degree=Pos 30 road amod 30 road road NOUN Number=Sing 24 pool nmod 31 or or CCONJ _ 34 desert cc 32 in in ADP _ 34 desert case 33 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 34 desert det 34 desert desert NOUN Number=Sing 30 road conj 35 . . PUNCT _ 4 something punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a mirage something tree rules 2 seem present you vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Attribute 3 see to-infinitive you not said here vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer 4 not is present that there property tree rules 5 cause participle by hot air vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition 6 bend gerund hot air not said here light like a pool of water on a hot road or a desert vn knead-26.5 «NP V NP.material»: agent=Agent light=Material
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A mirage is a hope or idea that seems real but is not.
det nsubj cop det cc conj nsubj acl:relcl xcomp cc cop conj punct root A DET mirage NOUN is AUX a DET hope NOUN or CCONJ idea NOUN that PRON seems VERB real ADJ but CCONJ is AUX not PART . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 mirage det 2 mirage mirage NOUN Number=Sing 5 hope nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 hope cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 hope det 5 hope hope NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 or or CCONJ _ 7 idea cc 7 idea idea NOUN Number=Sing 5 hope conj 8 that that PRON PronType=Rel 9 seems nsubj 9 seems seem VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 hope acl:relcl 10 real real ADJ Degree=Pos 9 seems xcomp 11 but but CCONJ _ 13 not cc 12 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 not cop 13 not not PART Polarity=Neg 9 seems conj 14 . . PUNCT _ 5 hope punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a mirage a hope or idea tree rules 2 seem present a hope or idea real property vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme
Example 1 On the hot road ahead, we saw a mirage that looked like water.
The tree, 13 words case det amod obl advmod punct nsubj det obj nsubj acl:relcl case obl punct root On ADP the DET hot ADJ road NOUN ahead ADV , PUNCT we PRON saw VERB a DET mirage NOUN that PRON looked VERB like ADP water NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 On on ADP _ 4 road case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 road det 3 hot hot ADJ Degree=Pos 4 road amod 4 road road NOUN Number=Sing 8 saw obl 5 ahead ahead ADV _ 4 road advmod 6 , , PUNCT _ 4 road punct 7 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 8 saw nsubj 8 saw see VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 mirage det 10 mirage mirage NOUN Number=Sing 8 saw obj 11 that that PRON PronType=Rel 12 looked nsubj 12 looked look VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 10 mirage acl:relcl 13 like like ADP _ 14 water case 14 water water NOUN Number=Sing 12 looked obl 15 . . PUNCT _ 8 saw punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 see past we a mirage the hot road vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer mirage=Stimulus 2 look past a mirage like water vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus
Example 2 The thirsty explorer saw a mirage of an oasis.
det amod nsubj det obj case det nmod punct root The DET thirsty ADJ explorer NOUN saw VERB a DET mirage NOUN of ADP an DET oasis NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 explorer det 2 thirsty thirsty ADJ Degree=Pos 3 explorer amod 3 explorer explorer NOUN Number=Sing 4 saw nsubj 4 saw see VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 mirage det 6 mirage mirage NOUN Number=Sing 4 saw obj 7 of of ADP _ 9 oasis case 8 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 oasis det 9 oasis oasis NOUN Number=Sing 6 mirage nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 saw punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 see past the thirsty explorer a mirage of a oasis vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer mirage=Stimulus
Example 3 A mirage is caused by light bending in hot air.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl acl case amod obl punct root A DET mirage NOUN is AUX caused VERB by ADP light NOUN bending VERB in ADP hot ADJ air NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 mirage det 2 mirage mirage NOUN Number=Sing 4 caused nsubj:pass 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 caused aux:pass 4 caused cause VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 by by ADP _ 6 light case 6 light light NOUN Number=Sing 4 caused obl 7 bending bend VERB VerbForm=Ger 6 light acl 8 in in ADP _ 10 air case 9 hot hot ADJ Degree=Pos 10 air amod 10 air air NOUN Number=Sing 7 bending obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 caused punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cause present · passive light a mirage vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition subject=Patient 2 bend gerund light not said here hot air vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in air=Location
Example 4 As we got closer, the mirage disappeared.
mark nsubj advcl xcomp punct det nsubj punct root As SCONJ we PRON got VERB closer ADJ , PUNCT the DET mirage NOUN disappeared VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 As as SCONJ _ 3 got mark 2 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 got nsubj 3 got get VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 disappeared advcl 4 closer close ADJ Degree=Cmp 3 got xcomp 5 , , PUNCT _ 3 got punct 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 mirage det 7 mirage mirage NOUN Number=Sing 8 disappeared nsubj 8 disappeared disappear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 9 . . PUNCT _ 8 disappeared punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 get past we close property vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer 2 disappear past the mirage vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 5 Sailors sometimes see ships floating in the sky — a kind of mirage.
nsubj advmod obj acl case det obl punct det conj case nmod punct root Sailors NOUN sometimes ADV see VERB ships NOUN floating VERB in ADP the DET sky NOUN — PUNCT a DET kind NOUN of ADP mirage NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Sailors sailor NOUN Number=Plur 3 see nsubj 2 sometimes sometimes ADV PronType=Ind 3 see advmod 3 see see VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 ships ship NOUN Number=Plur 3 see obj 5 floating float VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 ships acl 6 in in ADP _ 8 sky case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 sky det 8 sky sky NOUN Number=Sing 5 floating obl 9 — - PUNCT _ 11 kind punct 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 kind det 11 kind kind NOUN Number=Sing 3 see conj 12 of of ADP _ 13 mirage case 13 mirage mirage NOUN Number=Sing 11 kind nmod 14 . . PUNCT _ 3 see punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 see present Sailors ships sometimes property vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer ship=Stimulus 2 float gerund ships not said here the sky vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in sky=Trajectory
Example 6 His hope of winning turned out to be a mirage.
nmod:poss mark aux:pass acl compound:prt mark cop det advcl punct root His PRON hope NOUN of SCONJ winning VERB turned VERB out ADP to PART be AUX a DET mirage NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 His his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 hope nmod:poss 2 hope hope NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 of of SCONJ _ 5 turned mark 4 winning win VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 5 turned aux:pass 5 turned turn VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 hope acl 6 out out ADP _ 5 turned compound:prt 7 to to PART _ 10 mirage mark 8 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 10 mirage cop 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 mirage det 10 mirage mirage NOUN Number=Sing 5 turned advcl 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 hope punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 turn out gerund · passive His hope not said here vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V» 2 is a to-infinitive a mirage tree rules 3 hope His = he nom hope «feeling intransitive»: poss=agent
Example 7 Mirages are common in deserts.
nsubj cop case obl punct root Mirages NOUN are AUX common ADJ in ADP deserts NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mirages mirage NOUN Number=Plur 3 common nsubj 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 common cop 3 common common ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 in in ADP _ 5 deserts case 5 deserts desert NOUN Number=Plur 3 common obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 common punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Mirages deserts common property tree rules
Example 8 You can photograph a mirage — it's not just in your head.
nsubj aux det obj punct nsubj cop advmod advmod case nmod:poss conj punct root You PRON can AUX photograph VERB a DET mirage NOUN — PUNCT it PRON 's AUX not PART just ADV in ADP your PRON head NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 You you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 photograph nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 photograph aux 3 photograph photograph VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 mirage det 5 mirage mirage NOUN Number=Sing 3 photograph obj 6 — - PUNCT _ 13 head punct 7 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 13 head nsubj 8 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 head cop 9 not not PART Polarity=Neg 13 head advmod 10 just just ADV _ 13 head advmod 11 in in ADP _ 13 head case 12 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 13 head nmod:poss 13 head head NOUN Number=Sing 3 photograph conj 14 . . PUNCT _ 3 photograph punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 photograph can You a mirage vn transcribe-25.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mirage=Theme 2 not is present mirage your head tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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