misinformation

Who acts: you, posts, lots, teacher, Misinformation, fact checker · What happens: spread, trick, not share, check, not be, be · To what, where: Wrong information, False information, purpose, people, posts, misinformation · Speech: someone speaks here

«misinformation» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: misinformation in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Wrong or false information, often spread by mistake.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 information	amod
2	or	or	CCONJ	_	3 false	cc
3	false	false	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Wrong	conj
4	information	information	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 spread	punct
6	often	often	ADV	_	7 spread	advmod
7	spread	spread	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 information	acl
8	by	by	ADP	_	9 mistake	case
9	mistake	mistake	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 spread	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 information	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	spread	participle		Wrong information not said here				by mistake; often property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by mistake=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Usage: often confused with disinformation — kept apart, not parsed.

False information spread on purpose to trick people.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	False	false	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 information	amod
2	information	information	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	spread	spread	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 information	acl
4	on	on	ADP	_	5 purpose	case
5	purpose	purpose	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 spread	obl
6	to	to	PART	_	7 trick	mark
7	trick	trick	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 spread	advcl
8	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 trick	obj
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 information	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	spread	participle		False information not said here		purpose			vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on purpose=Location
2	trick	to-infinitive		people					vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Patient

Example 1

Don't share posts until you check they aren't misinformation.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Do	do	AUX	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	3 share	aux
2	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	3 share	advmod
3	share	share	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	posts	post	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 share	obj
5	until	until	SCONJ	_	7 check	mark
6	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	7 check	nsubj
7	check	check	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 share	advcl
8	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 misinformation	nsubj
9	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 misinformation	cop
10	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	11 misinformation	advmod
11	misinformation	misinformation	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 check	ccomp
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 share	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	not share	imperative · do-support	you not said here	posts	tree rules
2	check	present	you		vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
3	not is a	present	posts = post	misinformation	tree rules

Example 2

There was lots of misinformation about the virus online.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	There	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	2 was	expl
2	was	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	lots	lot	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 was	nsubj
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 misinformation	case
5	misinformation	misinformation	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 lots	nmod
6	about	about	ADP	_	8 virus	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 virus	det
8	virus	virus	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 misinformation	nmod
9	online	online	ADV	_	2 was	advmod
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 was	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	be	past	lots of misinformation about the virus			there		online property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Example 3

The teacher showed us how to spot misinformation.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 teacher	det
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 showed	nsubj
3	showed	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	us	we	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	3 showed	iobj
5	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	7 spot	advmod
6	to	to	PART	_	7 spot	mark
7	spot	spot	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 showed	ccomp
8	misinformation	misinformation	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 spot	obj
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 showed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	past	the teacher		us				vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent we=Recipient clause=Topic
2	spot	to-infinitive		misinformation					vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme misinformation=Destination

Example 4

Misinformation can spread faster than the truth.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Misinformation	misinformation	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 spread	nsubj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 spread	aux
3	spread	spread	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	faster	fast	ADV	Degree=Cmp	3 spread	advmod
5	than	than	ADP	_	7 truth	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 truth	det
7	truth	truth	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 faster	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 spread	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	spread	can	Misinformation					fast property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Example 5

A fact-checker said the story was misinformation.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 checker	det
2	fact	fact	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 checker	compound
3	-	-	PUNCT	_	2 fact	punct
4	checker	checker	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 said	nsubj
5	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 story	det
7	story	story	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 misinformation	nsubj
8	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 misinformation	cop
9	misinformation	misinformation	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 said	ccomp
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 said	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	past	a fact checker						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	is a	past	the story	misinformation					tree rules

Example 6

Bots spread misinformation during the election.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Bots	bot	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 spread	nsubj
2	spread	spread	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	misinformation	misinformation	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 spread	obj
4	during	during	ADP	_	6 election	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 election	det
6	election	election	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 spread	obl
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 spread	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	spread	past	Bots	misinformation			during the election		vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location misinformation=Theme

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/M/misinformation/