modify Who acts: word, adjective, modified plants, We, plane, Dad · What happens: modify, mean, change, improve, make, fit · To what, where: something, it, purpose, another, meaning, noun · Speech: someone speaks here
«modify» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: modify in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To modify something means to change it a little, usually to improve it or make it fit a purpose.
The tree, 19 words mark csubj obj mark xcomp obj det obl:unmarked punct advmod mark conj obj cc conj obj xcomp det obj punct root To PART modify VERB something PRON means VERB to PART change VERB it PRON a DET little ADJ , PUNCT usually ADV to PART improve VERB it PRON or CCONJ make VERB it PRON fit VERB a DET purpose NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 modify mark 2 modify modify VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 means csubj 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 modify obj 4 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 to to PART _ 6 change mark 6 change change VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 means xcomp 7 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 change obj 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 little det 9 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 6 change obl:unmarked 10 , , PUNCT _ 13 improve punct 11 usually usually ADV _ 13 improve advmod 12 to to PART _ 13 improve mark 13 improve improve VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 change conj 14 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 13 improve obj 15 or or CCONJ _ 16 make cc 16 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf 13 improve conj 17 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 16 make obj 18 fit fit VERB VerbForm=Inf 16 make xcomp 19 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 20 purpose det 20 purpose purpose NOUN Number=Sing 18 fit obj 21 . . PUNCT _ 4 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 modify to-infinitive something vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent something=Patient 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 change not said to happen to-infinitive it a little obl:unmarked vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient 4 improve to-infinitive it usually property vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent it=Patient 5 make infinitive it tree rules 6 fit infinitive a purpose vn adjust-26.9 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent purpose=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: grammar — kept apart, not parsed.
A word modifies another when it describes it or changes its meaning, like an adjective modifying a noun.
The tree, 18 words det nsubj obj mark nsubj advcl obj cc conj nmod:poss obj punct case det appos acl det obj punct root A DET word NOUN modifies VERB another DET when SCONJ it PRON describes VERB it PRON or CCONJ changes VERB its PRON meaning NOUN , PUNCT like ADP an DET adjective NOUN modifying VERB a DET noun NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 word det 2 word word NOUN Number=Sing 3 modifies nsubj 3 modifies modify VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 another another DET PronType=Ind 3 modifies obj 5 when when SCONJ _ 7 describes mark 6 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 describes nsubj 7 describes describe VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 modifies advcl 8 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 describes obj 9 or or CCONJ _ 10 changes cc 10 changes change VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 describes conj 11 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 12 meaning nmod:poss 12 meaning meaning NOUN Number=Sing 10 changes obj 13 , , PUNCT _ 16 adjective punct 14 like like ADP _ 16 adjective case 15 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 adjective det 16 adjective adjective NOUN Number=Sing 12 meaning appos 17 modifying modify VERB VerbForm=Ger 16 adjective acl 18 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 19 noun det 19 noun noun NOUN Number=Sing 17 modifying obj 20 . . PUNCT _ 3 modifies punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 modify present a word another vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent another=Patient 2 describe present word it vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent it=Theme 3 change present word not said here word's meaning vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent meaning=Patient 4 modify gerund a adjective not said here a noun vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent noun=Patient 5 mean word nom meaning «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Meaning 3 Usage: science — kept apart, not parsed.
Genetically modified (GM) plants have had their genes changed by scientists.
advmod amod punct obj punct nsubj aux nmod:poss obj acl case obl:agent punct root Genetically ADV modified VERB ( PUNCT GM PROPN ) PUNCT plants NOUN have AUX had VERB their PRON genes NOUN changed VERB by ADP scientists NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Genetically genetically ADV _ 2 modified advmod 2 modified modify VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 plants amod 3 ( ( PUNCT _ 4 GM punct 4 GM GM PROPN Number=Sing 2 modified obj 5 ) ) PUNCT _ 4 GM punct 6 plants plant NOUN Number=Plur 8 had nsubj 7 have have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 had aux 8 had have VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part root root 9 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 genes nmod:poss 10 genes gene NOUN Number=Plur 8 had obj 11 changed change VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 10 genes acl 12 by by ADP _ 13 scientists case 13 scientists scientist NOUN Number=Plur 11 changed obl:agent 14 . . PUNCT _ 8 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 modify participle GM genetically property vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent gm=Patient 2 have present · perfect modified plants plants's genes vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gene=Patient 3 change participle plants's genes not said here vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 1 We modified our paper plane so it flew further.
nsubj nmod:poss compound obj advmod nsubj advcl advmod punct root We PRON modified VERB our PRON paper NOUN plane NOUN so ADV it PRON flew VERB further ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 modified nsubj 2 modified modify VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 plane nmod:poss 4 paper paper NOUN Number=Sing 5 plane compound 5 plane plane NOUN Number=Sing 2 modified obj 6 so so ADV _ 8 flew advmod 7 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 flew nsubj 8 flew fly VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 modified advcl 9 further further ADV _ 8 flew advmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 modified punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 modify past We our paper plane vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent plane=Patient 2 fly past plane further property vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 2 Dad modified the recipe to use less sugar.
nsubj det obj mark advcl amod obj punct root Dad NOUN modified VERB the DET recipe NOUN to PART use VERB less ADJ sugar NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dad dad NOUN Number=Sing 2 modified nsubj 2 modified modify VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 recipe det 4 recipe recipe NOUN Number=Sing 2 modified obj 5 to to PART _ 6 use mark 6 use use VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 modified advcl 7 less less ADJ Degree=Cmp 8 sugar amod 8 sugar sugar NOUN Number=Sing 6 use obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 modified punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 modify past Dad the recipe vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent recipe=Patient 2 use to-infinitive Dad not said here less sugar vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sugar=Patient
Example 3 The game has been modified for younger players.
det nsubj:pass aux aux:pass case amod obl punct root The DET game NOUN has AUX been AUX modified VERB for ADP younger ADJ players NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 game det 2 game game NOUN Number=Sing 5 modified nsubj:pass 3 has have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 modified aux 4 been be AUX Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 5 modified aux:pass 5 modified modify VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 for for ADP _ 8 players case 7 younger young ADJ Degree=Cmp 8 players amod 8 players player NOUN Number=Plur 5 modified obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 modified punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 modify present · perfect · passive the game for younger players vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient
Example 4 In «a red car», «red» modifies «car».
The tree, 7 words case punct det amod obl punct punct punct nsubj punct punct obj punct punct root In ADP « PUNCT a DET red ADJ car NOUN » PUNCT , PUNCT « PUNCT red ADJ » PUNCT modifies VERB « PUNCT car NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 5 car case 2 « « PUNCT _ 5 car punct 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 car det 4 red red ADJ Degree=Pos 5 car amod 5 car car NOUN Number=Sing 11 modifies obl 6 » » PUNCT _ 5 car punct 7 , , PUNCT _ 11 modifies punct 8 « « PUNCT _ 9 red punct 9 red red ADJ Degree=Pos 11 modifies nsubj 10 » » PUNCT _ 9 red punct 11 modifies modify VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 12 « « PUNCT _ 13 car punct 13 car car NOUN Number=Sing 11 modifies obj 14 » » PUNCT _ 13 car punct 15 . . PUNCT _ 11 modifies punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 modify present red car a red car vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent car=Patient
Example 5 Scientists modify plants to resist pests.
nsubj obj mark advcl obj punct root Scientists NOUN modify VERB plants NOUN to PART resist VERB pests NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Scientists scientist NOUN Number=Plur 2 modify nsubj 2 modify modify VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 plants plant NOUN Number=Plur 2 modify obj 4 to to PART _ 5 resist mark 5 resist resist VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 modify advcl 6 pests pest NOUN Number=Plur 5 resist obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 modify punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 modify present Scientists plants vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent plant=Patient 2 resist to-infinitive Scientists not said here pests tree rules
Example 6 Can you modify your sentence to make it clearer?
aux nsubj nmod:poss obj mark advcl obj xcomp punct root Can AUX you PRON modify VERB your PRON sentence NOUN to PART make VERB it PRON clearer ADJ ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 modify aux 2 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 modify nsubj 3 modify modify VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 sentence nmod:poss 5 sentence sentence NOUN Number=Sing 3 modify obj 6 to to PART _ 7 make mark 7 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 modify advcl 8 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 make obj 9 clearer clear ADJ Degree=Cmp 7 make xcomp 10 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 modify punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 modify can you your sentence vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent sentence=Patient 2 make to-infinitive you not said here sentence clear property vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product 3 sentence your nom sentence «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Example 7 The bike was modified with a basket.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass case det obl punct root The DET bike NOUN was AUX modified VERB with ADP a DET basket NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 bike det 2 bike bike NOUN Number=Sing 4 modified nsubj:pass 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 modified aux:pass 4 modified modify VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 with with ADP _ 7 basket case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 basket det 7 basket basket NOUN Number=Sing 4 modified obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 modified punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 modify past · passive the bike with a basket vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Patient with basket=Instrument
Example 8 After testing, modify your model and test again.
case obl punct nmod:poss obj cc conj advmod punct root After ADP testing NOUN , PUNCT modify VERB your PRON model NOUN and CCONJ test VERB again ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 After after ADP _ 2 testing case 2 testing testing NOUN Number=Sing 4 modify obl 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 testing punct 4 modify modify VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 5 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 model nmod:poss 6 model model NOUN Number=Sing 4 modify obj 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 test cc 8 test test VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 4 modify conj 9 again again ADV _ 8 test advmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 modify punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 modify imperative you not said here your model after testing vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent model=Patient 2 test infinitive you not said here again vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 3 model your nom model «cognition transitive»: poss=agent
Example 9 But I have felt myself more at liberty than the translators themselves, who have generally been over-literal, in changing, excising, or modifying the original.
The tree, 24 words cc nsubj aux obl:unmarked advmod case obl case det nmod nmod punct nsubj aux advmod cop conj punct mark advcl punct conj punct cc conj det obj punct root But CCONJ I PRON have AUX felt VERB myself PRON more ADV at ADP liberty NOUN than ADP the DET translators NOUN themselves PRON , PUNCT who PRON have AUX generally ADV been AUX over-literal ADJ , PUNCT in SCONJ changing VERB , PUNCT excising VERB , PUNCT or CCONJ modifying VERB the DET original NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 But but CCONJ _ 4 felt cc 2 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 felt nsubj 3 have have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 felt aux 4 felt feel VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part root root 5 myself myself PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Emp Reflex=Yes 4 felt obl:unmarked 6 more more ADV Degree=Cmp 4 felt advmod 7 at at ADP _ 8 liberty case 8 liberty liberty NOUN Number=Sing 4 felt obl 9 than than ADP _ 11 translators case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 translators det 11 translators translator NOUN Number=Plur 8 liberty nmod 12 themselves themselves PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 11 translators nmod 13 , , PUNCT _ 18 over-literal punct 14 who who PRON PronType=Rel 18 over-literal nsubj 15 have have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 18 over-literal aux 16 generally generally ADV _ 18 over-literal advmod 17 been be AUX Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 18 over-literal cop 18 over-literal over-literal ADJ Degree=Pos 8 liberty conj 19 , , PUNCT _ 21 changing punct 20 in in SCONJ _ 21 changing mark 21 changing change VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 18 over-literal advcl 22 , , PUNCT _ 23 excising punct 23 excising excise VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 21 changing conj 24 , , PUNCT _ 26 modifying punct 25 or or CCONJ _ 26 modifying cc 26 modifying modify VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 21 changing conj 27 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 28 original det 28 original original NOUN Number=Sing 26 modifying obj 29 . . PUNCT _ 4 felt punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 feel present · perfect I myself liberty than the translators translators vn hunt-35.1 «NP V PP.theme PP.location»: agent=Agent at liberty=Location 2 is present · perfect liberty than the translators translators generally, over-literal property tree rules 3 change gerund liberty than the translators translators not said here vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 4 excise gerund liberty than the translators translators not said here vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 5 modify gerund liberty than the translators translators not said here the original vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent original=Patient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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