mule Who acts: mother, animal, person, mule, He, Mules · What happens: be, use, carry, not change, mind, wear · To what, where: horse, donkey, loads, illegal drugs, borders, bags · Speech: someone speaks here
«mule» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: mule in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 An animal whose mother is a horse and father is a donkey; it is strong and used for carrying loads.
The tree, 20 words det nsubj nmod:poss nsubj cop det acl:relcl cc conj cop det punct nsubj cop acl:relcl cc conj mark advcl obj punct root An DET animal NOUN whose PRON mother NOUN is AUX a DET horse NOUN and CCONJ father NOUN is AUX a DET donkey NOUN ; PUNCT it PRON is AUX strong ADJ and CCONJ used VERB for SCONJ carrying VERB loads NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 animal det 2 animal animal NOUN Number=Sing 12 donkey nsubj 3 whose whose PRON Poss=Yes PronType=Rel 4 mother nmod:poss 4 mother mother NOUN Number=Sing 7 horse nsubj 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 horse cop 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 horse det 7 horse horse NOUN Number=Sing 2 animal acl:relcl 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 father cc 9 father father NOUN Number=Sing 7 horse conj 10 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 donkey cop 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 donkey det 12 donkey donkey NOUN Number=Sing root root 13 ; ; PUNCT _ 16 strong punct 14 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 16 strong nsubj 15 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 16 strong cop 16 strong strong ADJ Degree=Pos 12 donkey acl:relcl 17 and and CCONJ _ 18 used cc 18 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 16 strong conj 19 for for SCONJ _ 20 carrying mark 20 carrying carry VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 18 used advcl 21 loads load NOUN Number=Plur 20 carrying obj 22 . . PUNCT _ 12 donkey punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a horse and father's mother a horse and father tree rules 2 is a present a animal a donkey tree rules 3 is present animal a donkey not said here strong property tree rules 4 use participle animal not said here vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 5 carry gerund animal not said here loads vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent load=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.
A very stubborn person: stubborn as a mule.
det advmod amod punct amod case det obl punct root A DET very ADV stubborn ADJ person NOUN : PUNCT stubborn ADJ as ADP a DET mule NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 person det 2 very very ADV _ 3 stubborn advmod 3 stubborn stubborn ADJ Degree=Pos 4 person amod 4 person person NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 : : PUNCT _ 6 stubborn punct 6 stubborn stubborn ADJ Degree=Pos 4 person amod 7 as as ADP _ 9 mule case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 mule det 9 mule mule NOUN Number=Sing 6 stubborn obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 person punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Meaning 3 A slipper or shoe with no back.
det cc conj case det nmod punct root A DET slipper NOUN or CCONJ shoe NOUN with ADP no DET back NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 slipper det 2 slipper slipper NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 or or CCONJ _ 4 shoe cc 4 shoe shoe NOUN Number=Sing 2 slipper conj 5 with with ADP _ 7 back case 6 no no DET PronType=Neg 7 back det 7 back back NOUN Number=Sing 4 shoe nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 slipper punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Meaning 4 Usage: slang — kept apart, not parsed.
A person who carries illegal drugs or money across borders for criminals.
det nsubj acl:relcl amod obj cc conj case obl case obl punct root A DET person NOUN who PRON carries VERB illegal ADJ drugs NOUN or CCONJ money NOUN across ADP borders NOUN for ADP criminals NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 person det 2 person person NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 who who PRON PronType=Rel 4 carries nsubj 4 carries carry VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 person acl:relcl 5 illegal illegal ADJ Degree=Pos 6 drugs amod 6 drugs drug NOUN Number=Plur 4 carries obj 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 money cc 8 money money NOUN Number=Sing 6 drugs conj 9 across across ADP _ 10 borders case 10 borders border NOUN Number=Plur 4 carries obl 11 for for ADP _ 12 criminals case 12 criminals criminal NOUN Number=Plur 4 carries obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 person punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 carry present a person illegal drugs or money borders for criminals vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent drug=Theme
Example 1 The mule carried our bags up the mountain path.
det nsubj nmod:poss obj case det compound obl punct root The DET mule NOUN carried VERB our PRON bags NOUN up ADP the DET mountain NOUN path NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 mule det 2 mule mule NOUN Number=Sing 3 carried nsubj 3 carried carry VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 bags nmod:poss 5 bags bag NOUN Number=Plur 3 carried obj 6 up up ADP _ 9 path case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 path det 8 mountain mountain NOUN Number=Sing 9 path compound 9 path path NOUN Number=Sing 3 carried obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 carried punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 carry past the mule our bags up the mountain path vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bag=Theme
Example 2 A mule is a cross between a horse and a donkey.
det nsubj cop det case det nmod cc det conj punct root A DET mule NOUN is AUX a DET cross NOUN between ADP a DET horse NOUN and CCONJ a DET donkey NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 mule det 2 mule mule NOUN Number=Sing 5 cross nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 cross cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 cross det 5 cross cross NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 between between ADP _ 8 horse case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 horse det 8 horse horse NOUN Number=Sing 5 cross nmod 9 and and CCONJ _ 11 donkey cc 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 donkey det 11 donkey donkey NOUN Number=Sing 8 horse conj 12 . . PUNCT _ 5 cross punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a mule a cross between a horse and a donkey tree rules
Example 3 He's as stubborn as a mule and won't change his mind.
nsubj cop advmod case det obl cc aux advmod conj nmod:poss obj punct root He PRON 's AUX as ADV stubborn ADJ as ADP a DET mule NOUN and CCONJ wo AUX n't PART change VERB his PRON mind NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 stubborn nsubj 2 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 stubborn cop 3 as as ADV _ 4 stubborn advmod 4 stubborn stubborn ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 as as ADP _ 7 mule case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 mule det 7 mule mule NOUN Number=Sing 4 stubborn obl 8 and and CCONJ _ 11 change cc 9 wo will AUX VerbForm=Fin 11 change aux 10 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 11 change advmod 11 change change VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 stubborn conj 12 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 13 mind nmod:poss 13 mind mind NOUN Number=Sing 11 change obj 14 . . PUNCT _ 4 stubborn punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present He as a mule; stubborn property tree rules 2 not change future He not said here mule's mind vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mind=Patient 3 mind mule nom mind «cognition transitive»: poss=agent
Example 4 Mules are strong and sure-footed.
nsubj cop cc conj punct conj punct root Mules NOUN are AUX strong ADJ and CCONJ sure ADJ - PUNCT footed ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mules mule NOUN Number=Plur 3 strong nsubj 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 strong cop 3 strong strong ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 and and CCONJ _ 5 sure cc 5 sure sure ADJ Degree=Pos 3 strong conj 6 - - PUNCT _ 5 sure punct 7 footed footed ADJ Degree=Pos 3 strong conj 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 strong punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Mules strong property tree rules 2 be Mules not said here tree rules 3 be Mules not said here tree rules
Example 5 Mum wears her fluffy mules around the house.
nsubj nmod:poss amod obj case det obl punct root Mum NOUN wears VERB her PRON fluffy ADJ mules NOUN around ADP the DET house NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mum mum NOUN Number=Sing 2 wears nsubj 2 wears wear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 mules nmod:poss 4 fluffy fluffy ADJ Degree=Pos 5 mules amod 5 mules mule NOUN Number=Plur 2 wears obj 6 around around ADP _ 8 house case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 house det 8 house house NOUN Number=Sing 2 wears obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 wears punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wear present Mum Mum's fluffy mules the house vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent mule=Source
Example 6 The police caught the drug mule at the airport.
det nsubj det compound obj case det obl punct root The DET police NOUN caught VERB the DET drug NOUN mule NOUN at ADP the DET airport NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 police det 2 police police NOUN Number=Plur 3 caught nsubj 3 caught catch VERB Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 mule det 5 drug drug NOUN Number=Sing 6 mule compound 6 mule mule NOUN Number=Sing 3 caught obj 7 at at ADP _ 9 airport case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 airport det 9 airport airport NOUN Number=Sing 3 caught obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 caught punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 catch past the police the drug mule the airport vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: agent=Agent mule=Theme at airport=Asset
Example 7 Most mules cannot have foals.
amod nsubj aux advmod obj punct root Most ADJ mules NOUN can AUX not PART have VERB foals NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Most most ADJ Degree=Sup 2 mules amod 2 mules mule NOUN Number=Plur 5 have nsubj 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 have aux 4 not not PART Polarity=Neg 5 have advmod 5 have have VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 foals foal NOUN Number=Plur 5 have obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 5 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not have can Most mules foals vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent foal=Patient
Example 8 The farmer ploughed the field with a mule.
det nsubj det obj case det nmod punct root The DET farmer NOUN ploughed VERB the DET field NOUN with ADP a DET mule NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 farmer det 2 farmer farmer NOUN Number=Sing 3 ploughed nsubj 3 ploughed plough VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 field det 5 field field NOUN Number=Sing 3 ploughed obj 6 with with ADP _ 8 mule case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 mule det 8 mule mule NOUN Number=Sing 5 field nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 ploughed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 plough past the farmer the field with a mule vn wipe_instr-10.4.2 «NP V NP.initial_location»: agent=Agent field=Initial_Location
Example 9 “What’s bridle-wise?” said the young mule.
punct nsubj punct compound punct ccomp punct punct det amod obj punct root “ PUNCT What PRON ’s PUNCT bridle NOUN - PUNCT wise ADJ ? PUNCT ” PUNCT said VERB the DET young ADJ mule NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 “ " PUNCT _ 6 wise punct 2 What what PRON PronType=Int 6 wise nsubj 3 ’s 's PUNCT _ 2 What punct 4 bridle bridle NOUN Number=Sing 6 wise compound 5 - - PUNCT _ 4 bridle punct 6 wise wise ADJ Degree=Pos 9 said ccomp 7 ? ? PUNCT _ 6 wise punct 8 ” " PUNCT _ 6 wise punct 9 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 mule det 11 young young ADJ Degree=Pos 12 mule amod 12 mule mule NOUN Number=Sing 9 said obj 13 . . PUNCT _ 9 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert past the young mule vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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