ness Who acts: noun, ness, high land, it, Loch Ness, you · What happens: add, make, name, be, stick out, appear · To what, where: ness, noun, quality, headland, sea, place names
«ness» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: ness in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 As a suffix, «-ness» is added to an adjective to make a noun that names a quality or state: kind → kindness, happy → happiness, dark → darkness.
The tree, 28 words case det obl punct punct punct nsubj:pass punct aux:pass case det obl mark advcl det obj nsubj acl:relcl det obj cc conj punct amod punct parataxis punct amod case obl punct amod case obl punct root As ADP a DET suffix NOUN , PUNCT « PUNCT - PUNCT ness NOUN » PUNCT is AUX added VERB to ADP an DET adjective NOUN to PART make VERB a DET noun NOUN that PRON names VERB a DET quality NOUN or CCONJ state NOUN : PUNCT kind ADJ → SYM kindness NOUN , PUNCT happy ADJ → ADP happiness NOUN , PUNCT dark ADJ → ADP darkness NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 As as ADP _ 3 suffix case 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 suffix det 3 suffix suffix NOUN Number=Sing 10 added obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 suffix punct 5 « « PUNCT _ 7 ness punct 6 - - PUNCT _ 7 ness punct 7 ness ness NOUN Number=Sing 10 added nsubj:pass 8 » » PUNCT _ 7 ness punct 9 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 added aux:pass 10 added add VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 11 to to ADP _ 13 adjective case 12 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 adjective det 13 adjective adjective NOUN Number=Sing 10 added obl 14 to to PART _ 15 make mark 15 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf 10 added advcl 16 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 17 noun det 17 noun noun NOUN Number=Sing 15 make obj 18 that that PRON PronType=Rel 19 names nsubj 19 names name VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 17 noun acl:relcl 20 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 21 quality det 21 quality quality NOUN Number=Sing 19 names obj 22 or or CCONJ _ 23 state cc 23 state state NOUN Number=Sing 21 quality conj 24 : : PUNCT _ 27 kindness punct 25 kind kind ADJ Degree=Pos 27 kindness amod 26 → → SYM _ 27 kindness punct 27 kindness kindness NOUN Number=Sing 10 added parataxis 28 , , PUNCT _ 29 happy punct 29 happy happy ADJ Degree=Pos 27 kindness amod 30 → → ADP _ 31 happiness case 31 happiness happiness NOUN Number=Sing 29 happy obl 32 , , PUNCT _ 33 dark punct 33 dark dark ADJ Degree=Pos 31 happiness amod 34 → → ADP _ 35 darkness case 35 darkness darkness NOUN Number=Sing 33 dark obl 36 . . PUNCT _ 10 added punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 add speech: assert present · passive ness as a suffix; to a adjective vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: subject=Patient to adjective=Co-Patient 2 make to-infinitive a noun vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset noun=Product 3 name present a noun a quality or state vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent quality=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 As a word, a ness is a headland, a piece of high land sticking out into the sea; it appears in place names like Dungeness, Sheerness and Loch Ness area names.
The tree, 31 words case det obl punct det nsubj cop det punct det appos case amod nmod acl compound:prt case det obl punct nsubj parataxis case compound obl case nmod punct conj cc nmod compound compound obj punct root As ADP a DET word NOUN , PUNCT a DET ness NOUN is AUX a DET headland NOUN , PUNCT a DET piece NOUN of ADP high ADJ land NOUN sticking VERB out ADP into ADP the DET sea NOUN ; PUNCT it PRON appears VERB in ADP place NOUN names NOUN like ADP Dungeness PROPN , PUNCT Sheerness PROPN and CCONJ Loch PROPN Ness PROPN area NOUN names NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 As as ADP _ 3 word case 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 word det 3 word word NOUN Number=Sing 9 headland obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 word punct 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 ness det 6 ness ness NOUN Number=Sing 9 headland nsubj 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 headland cop 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 headland det 9 headland headland NOUN Number=Sing root root 10 , , PUNCT _ 12 piece punct 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 piece det 12 piece piece NOUN Number=Sing 9 headland appos 13 of of ADP _ 15 land case 14 high high ADJ Degree=Pos 15 land amod 15 land land NOUN Number=Sing 12 piece nmod 16 sticking stick VERB VerbForm=Ger 15 land acl 17 out out ADP _ 16 sticking compound:prt 18 into into ADP _ 20 sea case 19 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 20 sea det 20 sea sea NOUN Number=Sing 16 sticking obl 21 ; ; PUNCT _ 23 appears punct 22 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 23 appears nsubj 23 appears appear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 headland parataxis 24 in in ADP _ 26 names case 25 place place NOUN Number=Sing 26 names compound 26 names name NOUN Number=Plur 23 appears obl 27 like like ADP _ 28 Dungeness case 28 Dungeness Dungeness PROPN Number=Sing 26 names nmod 29 , , PUNCT _ 30 Sheerness punct 30 Sheerness Sheerness PROPN Number=Sing 28 Dungeness conj 31 and and CCONJ _ 32 Loch cc 32 Loch Loch PROPN Number=Sing 28 Dungeness nmod 33 Ness Ness PROPN Number=Sing 35 names compound 34 area area NOUN Number=Sing 35 names compound 35 names name NOUN Number=Plur 32 Loch obj 36 . . PUNCT _ 9 headland punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a ness a headland as a word tree rules 2 stick out gerund high land not said here the sea vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme into sea=Destination 3 appear present it place names like Dungeness Loch and Sheerness vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in name=Location
Meaning 3 Usage: a name — kept apart, not parsed.
Loch Ness is a long deep lake in Scotland, famous for the legend of the Loch Ness Monster, «Nessie».
The tree, 19 words compound nsubj cop det amod amod case nmod punct amod case det obl case det compound compound nmod punct punct appos punct punct root Loch PROPN Ness NOUN is AUX a DET long ADJ deep ADJ lake NOUN in ADP Scotland PROPN , PUNCT famous ADJ for ADP the DET legend NOUN of ADP the DET Loch PROPN Ness NOUN Monster NOUN , PUNCT « PUNCT Nessie PROPN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Loch Loch PROPN Number=Sing 2 Ness compound 2 Ness ness NOUN Number=Sing 7 lake nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 lake cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 lake det 5 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 7 lake amod 6 deep deep ADJ Degree=Pos 7 lake amod 7 lake lake NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 in in ADP _ 9 Scotland case 9 Scotland Scotland PROPN Number=Sing 7 lake nmod 10 , , PUNCT _ 11 famous punct 11 famous famous ADJ Degree=Pos 7 lake amod 12 for for ADP _ 14 legend case 13 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 14 legend det 14 legend legend NOUN Number=Sing 11 famous obl 15 of of ADP _ 19 Monster case 16 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 19 Monster det 17 Loch Loch PROPN Number=Sing 19 Monster compound 18 Ness ness NOUN Number=Sing 19 Monster compound 19 Monster monster NOUN Number=Sing 14 legend nmod 20 , , PUNCT _ 22 Nessie punct 21 « « PUNCT _ 22 Nessie punct 22 Nessie Nessie PROPN Number=Sing 19 Monster appos 23 » » PUNCT _ 22 Nessie punct 24 . . PUNCT _ 7 lake punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Loch Ness a long deep lake Scotland tree rules
Meaning 4 Usage: a name — kept apart, not parsed.
Ness can also be a surname, such as Eliot Ness, an American lawman.
The tree, 13 words nsubj aux advmod cop det punct case fixed appos flat punct det amod conj punct root Ness NOUN can AUX also ADV be AUX a DET surname NOUN , PUNCT such ADJ as ADP Eliot PROPN Ness PROPN , PUNCT an DET American ADJ lawman NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Ness ness NOUN Number=Sing 6 surname nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 6 surname aux 3 also also ADV _ 6 surname advmod 4 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 6 surname cop 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 surname det 6 surname surname NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 , , PUNCT _ 10 Eliot punct 8 such such ADJ Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP 10 Eliot case 9 as as ADP _ 8 such fixed 10 Eliot Eliot PROPN Number=Sing 6 surname appos 11 Ness Ness PROPN Number=Sing 10 Eliot flat 12 , , PUNCT _ 15 lawman punct 13 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 lawman det 14 American American ADJ Degree=Pos 15 lawman amod 15 lawman lawman NOUN Number=Sing 10 Eliot conj 16 . . PUNCT _ 6 surname punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a can Ness a surname tree rules
Example 1 Add -ness to «kind» to make «kindness».
punct obj case punct obl punct mark advcl punct obj punct punct root Add VERB - PUNCT ness NOUN to ADP « PUNCT kind NOUN » PUNCT to PART make VERB « PUNCT kindness NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Add add VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 - - PUNCT _ 3 ness punct 3 ness ness NOUN Number=Sing 1 Add obj 4 to to ADP _ 6 kind case 5 « « PUNCT _ 6 kind punct 6 kind kind NOUN Number=Sing 1 Add obl 7 » » PUNCT _ 6 kind punct 8 to to PART _ 9 make mark 9 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Add advcl 10 « « PUNCT _ 11 kindness punct 11 kindness kindness NOUN Number=Sing 9 make obj 12 » » PUNCT _ 11 kindness punct 13 . . PUNCT _ 1 Add punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 add speech: assert imperative you not said here ness to kind vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent ness=Patient to kind=Co-Patient 2 make to-infinitive you not said here kindness vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset kindness=Product
Example 2 Happiness is spelt with an i because the y changes.
nsubj:pass aux:pass case det obl mark det nsubj advcl punct root Happiness NOUN is AUX spelt VERB with ADP an DET i NOUN because SCONJ the DET y NOUN changes VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Happiness happiness NOUN Number=Sing 3 spelt nsubj:pass 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 spelt aux:pass 3 spelt spelt VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 with with ADP _ 6 i case 5 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 i det 6 i i NOUN Number=Sing 3 spelt obl 7 because because SCONJ _ 10 changes mark 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 y det 9 y y NOUN Number=Sing 10 changes nsubj 10 changes change VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 spelt advcl 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 spelt punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 spelt present · passive Happiness with a i tree rules 2 change present the y vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 3 The darkness made the forest feel scary.
det nsubj det obj xcomp xcomp punct root The DET darkness NOUN made VERB the DET forest NOUN feel VERB scary ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 darkness det 2 darkness darkness NOUN Number=Sing 3 made nsubj 3 made make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 forest det 5 forest forest NOUN Number=Sing 3 made obj 6 feel feel VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 made xcomp 7 scary scary ADJ Degree=Pos 6 feel xcomp 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make past the darkness the forest tree rules 2 feel infinitive the forest not said here scary property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus
Example 4 Dungeness is a ness on the coast of Kent.
nsubj cop det case det nmod case nmod punct root Dungeness NOUN is AUX a DET ness NOUN on ADP the DET coast NOUN of ADP Kent PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dungeness dungeness NOUN Number=Sing 4 ness nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 ness cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 ness det 4 ness ness NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 on on ADP _ 7 coast case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 coast det 7 coast coast NOUN Number=Sing 4 ness nmod 8 of of ADP _ 9 Kent case 9 Kent Kent PROPN Number=Sing 7 coast nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 ness punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Dungeness a ness the coast of Kent tree rules
Example 5 We read about the legend of the Loch Ness Monster.
nsubj case det obl case det compound compound nmod punct root We PRON read VERB about ADP the DET legend NOUN of ADP the DET Loch PROPN Ness NOUN Monster NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 read nsubj 2 read read VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 about about ADP _ 5 legend case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 legend det 5 legend legend NOUN Number=Sing 2 read obl 6 of of ADP _ 10 Monster case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 Monster det 8 Loch Loch PROPN Number=Sing 10 Monster compound 9 Ness ness NOUN Number=Sing 10 Monster compound 10 Monster monster NOUN Number=Sing 5 legend nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 read punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 read past We about the legend of the Loch Ness Monster vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about legend=Topic
Example 6 Nobody has ever proved that Nessie is real.
nsubj aux advmod mark nsubj cop ccomp punct root Nobody PRON has AUX ever ADV proved VERB that SCONJ Nessie PROPN is AUX real ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Nobody nobody PRON Number=Sing PronType=Neg 4 proved nsubj 2 has have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 proved aux 3 ever ever ADV PronType=Ind 4 proved advmod 4 proved prove VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part root root 5 that that SCONJ _ 8 real mark 6 Nessie Nessie PROPN Number=Sing 8 real nsubj 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 real cop 8 real real ADJ Degree=Pos 4 proved ccomp 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 proved punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 prove present · perfect Nobody ever vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent 2 is present Nessie real property tree rules
Example 7 Her gentleness made the shy puppy come closer.
nmod:poss nsubj det amod obj conj advmod punct root Her PRON gentleness NOUN made VERB the DET shy ADJ puppy NOUN come VERB closer ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 gentleness nmod:poss 2 gentleness gentleness NOUN Number=Sing 3 made nsubj 3 made make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 puppy det 5 shy shy ADJ Degree=Pos 6 puppy amod 6 puppy puppy NOUN Number=Sing 3 made obj 7 come come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 made conj 8 closer close ADV Degree=Cmp 7 come advmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make past Her gentleness the shy puppy vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset puppy=Product 2 come present Her gentleness not said here close property vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 8 «Openness» keeps both n's: open + ness.
punct nsubj punct det nmod:poss case punct amod amod obj punct root « PUNCT Openness NOUN » PUNCT keeps VERB both DET n NOUN 's PART : PUNCT open ADJ + SYM ness NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 Openness punct 2 Openness openness NOUN Number=Sing 4 keeps nsubj 3 » » PUNCT _ 2 Openness punct 4 keeps keep VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 both both DET PronType=Tot 6 n det 6 n n NOUN Number=Sing 11 ness nmod:poss 7 's 's PART _ 6 n case 8 : : PUNCT _ 9 open punct 9 open open ADJ Degree=Pos 11 ness amod 10 + + SYM _ 11 ness amod 11 ness ness NOUN Number=Sing 4 keeps obj 12 . . PUNCT _ 4 keeps punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 keep present Openness both n's open + ness vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ness=Theme
Example 9 One of these soldiers was a no-ble-man, whom everybody loved for his gen-tle-ness and kindness.
The tree, 19 words nsubj case det nmod cop det det punct compound punct punct obj nsubj acl:relcl case nmod:poss compound punct compound punct obl cc conj punct root One NUM of ADP these DET soldiers NOUN was AUX a DET no DET - PUNCT ble NOUN - PUNCT man NOUN , PUNCT whom PRON everybody PRON loved VERB for ADP his PRON gen NOUN - PUNCT tle NOUN - PUNCT ness NOUN and CCONJ kindness NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 One one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 11 man nsubj 2 of of ADP _ 4 soldiers case 3 these this DET Number=Plur PronType=Dem 4 soldiers det 4 soldiers soldier NOUN Number=Plur 1 One nmod 5 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 11 man cop 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 man det 7 no no DET PronType=Neg 11 man det 8 - - PUNCT _ 7 no punct 9 ble ble NOUN Number=Sing 11 man compound 10 - - PUNCT _ 9 ble punct 11 man man NOUN Number=Sing root root 12 , , PUNCT _ 15 loved punct 13 whom whom PRON PronType=Rel 15 loved obj 14 everybody everybody PRON Number=Sing PronType=Tot 15 loved nsubj 15 loved love VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 11 man acl:relcl 16 for for ADP _ 22 ness case 17 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 22 ness nmod:poss 18 gen gen NOUN Number=Sing 22 ness compound 19 - - PUNCT _ 18 gen punct 20 tle tle NOUN Number=Sing 22 ness compound 21 - - PUNCT _ 22 ness punct 22 ness ness NOUN Number=Sing 15 loved obl 23 and and CCONJ _ 24 kindness cc 24 kindness kindness NOUN Number=Sing 22 ness conj 25 . . PUNCT _ 11 man punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past One of this soldiers a ble man tree rules 2 love past everybody a ble man for man's gen tle ness and kindness vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer whom=Stimulus for ness=Attribute
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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