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nightfall

Who acts: it, We, owls, village lights, hikers, Bats · What happens: become, reach, begin, hoot, come on, be · To what, where: cabin, nightfall, shelter

«nightfall» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: nightfall in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

The time in the evening when it becomes dark; dusk.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 time	det
2	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 becomes	obl:unmarked
3	in	in	ADP	_	5 evening	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 evening	det
5	evening	evening	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 time	nmod
6	when	when	SCONJ	_	8 becomes	mark
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 becomes	nsubj
8	becomes	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 becomes	xcomp
10	;	;	PUNCT	_	11 dusk	punct
11	dusk	dusk	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 becomes	obl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 becomes	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	become	present	it				dusk; time	dark property	vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Example 1

We must reach the cabin before nightfall.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	3 reach	nsubj
2	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 reach	aux
3	reach	reach	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 cabin	det
5	cabin	cabin	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 reach	obj
6	before	before	ADP	_	7 nightfall	case
7	nightfall	nightfall	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 reach	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 reach	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	reach	must	We	the cabin			before nightfall		vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent cabin=Theme

Example 2

At nightfall, the owls began to hoot.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	At	at	ADP	_	2 nightfall	case
2	nightfall	nightfall	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 began	obl
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 nightfall	punct
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 owls	det
5	owls	owl	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 began	nsubj
6	began	begin	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	to	to	PART	_	8 hoot	mark
8	hoot	hoot	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 began	xcomp
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 began	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	begin	past	the owls			nightfall			vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
2	hoot	to-infinitive	the owls not said here						vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Example 3

The village lights came on at nightfall.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 lights	det
2	village	village	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 lights	compound
3	lights	light	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 came	nsubj
4	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	on	on	ADV	_	4 came	advmod
6	at	at	ADP	_	7 nightfall	case
7	nightfall	nightfall	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 came	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 came	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come on	past	the village lights			nightfall			vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at nightfall=Location

Example 4

By nightfall the hikers were tired.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	By	by	ADP	_	2 nightfall	case
2	nightfall	nightfall	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 tired	obl
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 hikers	det
4	hikers	hiker	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 tired	nsubj
5	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 tired	cop
6	tired	tired	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 tired	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	the hikers					by nightfall; tired property	tree rules

Example 5

Bats come out at nightfall.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Bats	bat	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 come	nsubj
2	come	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	out	out	ADV	_	2 come	advmod
4	at	at	ADP	_	5 nightfall	case
5	nightfall	nightfall	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 come	obl
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 come	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come out	present	Bats			nightfall		out property	vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient

Example 6

In winter, nightfall comes early.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	2 winter	case
2	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 comes	obl
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 winter	punct
4	nightfall	nightfall	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 comes	nsubj
5	comes	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	early	early	ADV	Degree=Pos	5 comes	advmod
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 comes	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	present	nightfall				winter	early property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Example 7

At nightfall they took shelter in a thick wood.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	At	at	ADP	_	2 nightfall	case
2	nightfall	nightfall	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 took	obl
3	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 took	nsubj
4	took	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	shelter	shelter	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 took	obj
6	in	in	ADP	_	9 wood	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 wood	det
8	thick	thick	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 wood	amod
9	wood	wood	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 took	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 took	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	take	past	they	shelter		nightfall		in a thick wood	vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent shelter=Value in wood=Location

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/N/nightfall/